Average power prediction in microcells

A propagation model to estimate the average received power in an urban microcell environment has been developed. This model can be used both in line of sight (LOS) and non line of sight (NLOS) conditions in any regular or irregular microcell structure.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A random walk model of wave propagation

This paper shows that a reasonably accurate description of propagation loss in small urban cells can be obtained with a simple stochastic model based on the theory of random walks, that accounts for only two parameters: the amount of clutter and the amount of absorption in the environment. Despite the simplifications of the model, the derived analytical solution correctly describes the smooth transition of power attenuation from an inverse square law with the distance to the transmitter, to an exponential attenuation as this distance is increased - as it is observed in practice. Our analysis suggests using a simple exponential path loss formula as an alternative to the empirical formulas that are often used for prediction. Results are validated by comparison with experimental data collected in a small urban cell

The effectiveness of low power co-channel lamppost mounted 3G/WCDMA microcells

This paper considers the effectiveness of low power lamppost mounted 3G/WCDMA microcells to capture traffic when deployed on a common carrier frequency with an overlaying 3G/WCDMA macrocell layer. The paper assesses the potential offload achieved through the deployment of thirteen low power (+24dBm maximum output power) lamppost mounted 3G/WCDMA microcells along a busy street in central London through both simulation and field trials. The paper concludes that low power +24dBm 3G/WCDMA microcells have the potential to significantly offload a co-channel macrocell layer, provided that the microcells are placed in areas of high traffic and are spaced close enough together (<100m) to provide contiguous microcell dominance

Self Organising Network Techniques to Maximise Traffic Offload onto a 3G/WCDMA Small Cell Network using MDT UE Measurement Reports

This paper presents a number of Self-Organising Network (SON) based methods using a 3GPP Minimisation of Drive Testing (MDT) approach or similar and the analysis of these geo-located UE measurements to maximise traffic offload onto lamppost mounted 3G/WCDMA microcells. Simulations have been performed for a real 3G/WCDMA microcell deployment in a busy area of central London and the results suggest that for the network studied a traffic increase on the microcell layer of up to 175% is achievable through the novel SON methods presented