Automatic electrode and CT/MR image co-localisation for electrocardiographic imaging

Body surface potential mapping (BSPM) can be used to non-invasively measure the electrical activity of the heart using a dense set of thorax electrodes and a CT/MR scan of the thorax to solve the inverse problem of electrophysiology (ECGi). This technique now shows potential clinical value for the assessment and treatment of patients with arrhythmias. Co-localisation of the electrode positions and the CT/MR thorax scan is essential. This manuscript describes a method to perform the co-localisation using multiple biplane X-ray images. The electrodes are automatically detected and paired in the X-ray images. Then the 3D positions of the electrodes are computed and mapped onto the thorax surface derived from CT/MR. The proposed method is based on a multi-scale blob detection algorithm and the generalized Hough transform, which can automatically discriminate the leads used for BSPM from other ECG leads. The pairing method is based on epi-polar constraint matching and line pattern detection which assumes that BSPM electrodes are arranged in strips. The proposed methods are tested on a thorax phantom and two clinical cases. Results show an accuracy of 0.33 ± 0.20mm for detecting electrodes in the X-ray images and a success rate of 95.4%. The automatic pairing method achieves a 91.2% success rate

Non-Invasive Electrocardiographic Imaging of Ventricular Activities: Data-Driven and Model-Based Approaches

Die vorliegende Arbeit beleuchtet ausgewählte Aspekte der Vorwärtsmodellierung, so zum Beispiel die Simulation von Elektro- und Magnetokardiogrammen im Falle einer elektrisch stillen Ischämie sowie die Anpassung der elektrischen Potentiale unter Variation der Leitfähigkeiten. Besonderer Fokus liegt auf der Entwicklung neuer Regularisierungsalgorithmen sowie der Anwendung und Bewertung aktuell verwendeter Methoden in realistischen in silico bzw. klinischen Studien

ECG Imaging of Ventricular Activity in Clinical Applications

ECG imaging was performed in humans to reconstruct ventricular activation patterns and localize their excitation origins. The precision of the non-invasive reconstructions was evaluated against invasive measurements and found to be in line with the state-of-the-art literature. Statistics were produced for various excitation origins and reveal the beat-to-beat robustness of the imaging method