291 research outputs found

    2023 GREAT Day Program

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    SUNY Geneseo’s Seventeenth Annual GREAT Day. Geneseo Recognizing Excellence, Achievement & Talent Day is a college-wide symposium celebrating the creative and scholarly endeavors of our students. http://www.geneseo.edu/great_dayhttps://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/program-2007/1017/thumbnail.jp

    Scholarly Communication Librarianship and Open Knowledge

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    The intersection of scholarly communication librarianship and open education offers a unique opportunity to expand knowledge of scholarly communication topics in both education and practice. Open resources can address the gap in teaching timely and critical scholarly communication topics—copyright in teaching and research environments, academic publishing, emerging modes of scholarship, impact measurement—while increasing access to resources and equitable participation in education and scholarly communication. Scholarly Communication Librarianship and Open Knowledge is an open textbook and practitioner’s guide that collects theory, practice, and case studies from nearly 80 experts in scholarly communication and open education. Divided into three parts: *What is Scholarly Communication? *Scholarly Communication and Open Culture *Voices from the Field: Perspectives, Intersections, and Case Studies The book delves into the economic, social, policy, and legal aspects of scholarly communication as well as open access, open data, open education, and open science and infrastructure. Practitioners provide insight into the relationship between university presses and academic libraries, defining collection development as operational scholarly communication, and promotion and tenure and the challenge for open access. Scholarly Communication Librarianship and Open Knowledge is a thorough guide meant to increase instruction on scholarly communication and open education issues and practices so library workers can continue to meet the changing needs of students and faculty. It is also a political statement about the future to which we aspire and a challenge to the industrial, commercial, capitalistic tendencies encroaching on higher education. Students, readers, educators, and adaptors of this resource can find and embrace these themes throughout the text and embody them in their work

    The association between human salivary fibroblast growth factor-2 and stress, anxiety and depression.

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    The global prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders is enormous, yet little is known about individual differences contributing to psychiatric vulnerability. Research has increasingly focused on biomarkers such as cortisol to improve the prediction and prevention of psychopathology. This thesis investigated whether fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), a neurotrophic protein, holds potential as a psychiatric biomarker. As research has predominantly examined the association between FGF2, stress and affective outcomes in rodents, this thesis aimed to translate these findings to humans, and extend the research to investigate FGF2’s role in cognitive processes and symptoms involved in psychopathology. Study 1 investigated the effect of psychosocial stress on salivary levels of FGF2 and cortisol, and measured levels of repetitive negative thinking (RNT). FGF2 changed following stress, in a pattern that mimicked changes in cortisol. Lower FGF2 (but not cortisol) reactivity following stress was related to higher levels of RNT, and predicted future levels of RNT relating to the stressor. Study 2 examined the association between FGF2 and cortisol reactivity and depression, anxiety and stress at the time of saliva collection (i.e., Study 1), as well as at a future stressful timepoint (i.e., during COVID-19). Lower FGF2 (but not cortisol) reactivity was associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress at the time of saliva collection, and depression during COVID-19. Study 3 investigated whether stressor controllability impacted changes in FGF2 and cortisol levels following the Cold Pressor Test. While stressor controllability did not differentially impact cortisol levels over time, controllable stress led to larger, and more rapid, increases in FGF2 levels, and greater FGF2 reactivity, compared to uncontrollable stress. Study 4 examined the relationship between basal and reactive levels of FGF2 and cortisol with transdiagnostic factors that have been implicated in psychopathology. No association was found between FGF2 or cortisol and substance use or sleep difficulties. While further research in humans is required to elucidate FGF2’s potential as a psychiatric biomarker, this thesis provides evidence that human salivary FGF2 is associated with psychological outcomes and cognitive processes involved in psychiatric disorders, and that this is potentially mediated by FGF2’s role in the stress response

    Multiscale Transport and Osmotic Tolerance in Liver Cells and Tissues

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    Cryopreservation enables the storage of biological samples for later use while preserving all aspects of biological interest by cooling them to a temperature where chemical reactions are sufficiently slowed. However, there have been considerable challenges in preserving complex tissues and organs due to excessive ice formation, severe thermal stress, chilling, ischemic injury, and the osmotic stress caused by highly viscous cryoprotectants (CPA). To overcome these challenges, mathematical modeling approaches have proven effective in predicting cell and tissue responses to osmotic stress and developing an optimal method for loading and unloading CPA. Predicting optimal cryopreservation protocols requires an accurate estimation of cell volume, solute concentration, and water permeability parameters. A key bottleneck in this process is the requirement of careful measurement of these parameters from the cellular to the tissue scale and the difficulty of studying these in their native three-dimensional (3D) structures: little is known about the detailed responses of individual cells and nuclei in monolayers and tissues to anisosmotic media. Over the course of four projects, my study has mainly used two approaches to overcome these barriers. It focused on real-time monitoring of cellular morphometric parameters using modern four-dimensional imaging techniques and employed mathematical models for solute and water permeability estimation. In the first project, I characterized the osmotic behavior in HepG2 cells, which serve as a model for hepatocytes, and determined the mechanism of osmoregulation within these cells. I illustrate that HepG2 cells are non-ideal osmometers by showing the difference between the expected behavior of cells in anisosmotic environments and by making predictions about their volume regulation mechanisms. Second, I compared cell volume measurement techniques for adherent cell monolayers, which included using a calcein fluorescence quenching technique to investigate the volumetric responses of HepG2 monolayers. My follow-up study uses modern 3D imaging techniques to simultaneously measure real-time cell and nuclear volume changes in adherent cells in an aniosomotic medium, including during the addition and removal of CPA. My results demonstrate that both cells and nuclei regulate their volume in response to osmotic stress. Consequently, cells and nuclear permeability to water (Lp) and CPA (Ps) are inferred during perfusion with anisosmotic and CPA solutions for adherent cell monolayers. Thirdly, I show that osmotic damage is time dependent and that the flavonoid silymarin enhances resistance to osmotic stress and may improve cryosurvival in HepG2 cells. Finally, I extend the 3D imaging technique to track and quantify three dimensional changes in cell and nuclear morphology in response to anisosmotic medium. I then estimate the volume within complex liver tissue, specifically a precision-cut liver slice (PCLS). This method allows the quantification of the expansion and contraction of the whole PCLS during CPA equilibration, as well as the tracking of nuclei and cell volume. By demonstrating the nonideality of liver cells and the complex interplay between cytoplasm and nuclear volumes, we can inform biophysical models, which may have profound implications for our understanding of cell physiology and the mechanism of osmoregulation. Furthermore, the methods described in this study can be adapted to enhance cryopreservation strategies for adherent cells, other complex tissues, and organs. Altogether, this research contributes to the development of a new cryopreservation method for liver cells and tissues and will have a broad impact on the field of tissue transplantation and biomedical research

    The extent of Kuwaiti Islamic banks restrict the use of Islamic financing tools in their financial operations: a field study

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    This research aims to identify the extent to of Kuwaiti Islamic banks adhere to the use of Islamic financing tools in their financial operations. The study population consists of all (5) banks listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange. As for the study sample, (100) respondents were selected from Financial managers, accountants, and workers in finance and investment departments work in these banks. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting primary data. The results showed that Kuwaiti Islamic banks adhere to the use of Islamic financing tools represented in Murabaha, Musharaka and Mudaraba in their financial operations to a high degree. The study recommended that Kuwaiti Islamic banks should be encouraged to play a more role in Murabaha operations and find appropriate solutions to technical obstacles and culture-related procedures that prevent the provision of Islamic financing through Murabaha

    Program and abstracts

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    We are pleased that the program in 2022 will be more interesting than ever and it will include the following topics: Mathematical Modeling in Cancer Therapy, Gene Therapy, Archaeological Genetics, New perspectives in Human Forensic Molecular Biology, Genomics in Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development, Stem Cells in Medicine, Regenerative Medicine, Ribosomes in Medicine, Epigenomics, Crime Scene Investigation, Forensic Genetics, and Mass Catastrophes Managements. This year, the third "Nobel Spirit" will provide a forum to the three Nobel laureates to stimulate public discussion on the role of science in solving global health issues, acute regional problems such as brain drain, demographic decline, as well as cultural and social change. In addition, we are organizing a very stimulating Session on Bioanthropology and global health in the times of crisis, as well as Joint Event ISABS and Ministry of the Interior - Crime Scene Investigation Training Course: Mystery on the ship —Investigation of the water-related crime scene
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