Intelligent systems in manufacturing: current developments and future prospects

Global competition and rapidly changing customer requirements are demanding increasing changes in manufacturing environments. Enterprises are required to constantly redesign their products and continuously reconfigure their manufacturing systems. Traditional approaches to manufacturing systems do not fully satisfy this new situation. Many authors have proposed that artificial intelligence will bring the flexibility and efficiency needed by manufacturing systems. This paper is a review of artificial intelligence techniques used in manufacturing systems. The paper first defines the components of a simplified intelligent manufacturing systems (IMS), the different Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to be considered and then shows how these AI techniques are used for the components of IMS

On Agent-Based Software Engineering

Agent-based computing represents an exciting new synthesis both for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and, more generally, Computer Science. It has the potential to significantly improve the theory and the practice of modeling, designing, and implementing computer systems. Yet, to date, there has been little systematic analysis of what makes the agent-based approach such an appealing and powerful computational model. Moreover, even less effort has been devoted to discussing the inherent disadvantages that stem from adopting an agent-oriented view. Here both sets of issues are explored. The standpoint of this analysis is the role of agent-based software in solving complex, real-world problems. In particular, it will be argued that the development of robust and scalable software systems requires autonomous agents that can complete their objectives while situated in a dynamic and uncertain environment, that can engage in rich, high-level social interactions, and that can operate within flexible organisational structures

Afinal de contas, a inteligência artificial não é inteligente: à procura de uma definição neurocientífica compreensível da inteligência

This paper explores a series of thoughts about the meaning of intelligence in neuroscience and computer science. This work aims to present an understandable definition that fits our contemporary artificial intelligence background. The research methodology of this essay lies in existing theories of artificial intelligence, focused on computer science and neuroscience. I analyze the relationship between intelligence and neuroscience and Hawkin’s Thousand Brains Theory, an approach to show what it is an intelligent agent according to neuroscience. Here, the main result relies on the verification that intelligence is only possible in the neocortex. According to this result, the study performs a second critical analysis aiming to demonstrate why there is no artificial intelligence today.Este trabajo explora una serie de reflexiones sobre el significado de la inteligencia en la neurociencia y la informática. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una definición comprensible que se ajuste a nuestro entorno contemporáneo de inteligencia artificial. Se analiza la relación entre la inteligencia y la neurociencia y presento la teoría de los mil cerebros de Hawkins, un enfoque para mostrar qué es un agente inteligente según la neurociencia. Aquí, el principal resultado se basa en la comprobación de que la inteligencia sólo es posible en el neocórtex. De acuerdo con este resultado, el estudio hace un segundo análisis crítico con el objetivo de demostrar por qué no existe la inteligencia artificial en la actualidad. La metodología de investigación de este ensayo se basa en las teorías existentes sobre la inteligencia artificial, centradas en la informática y la neurociencia.Este trabalho explora uma série de reflexões sobre o significado da inteligência na neurociência e informática. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar uma definição compreensível que se ajuste ao nosso ambiente contemporâneo de inteligência artificial. Analisa-se a relação entre inteligência e a neurociência e a teoria dos mil cérebros de Hawkins, uma abordagem para mostrar que é um agente inteligente segundo a neurociência. O principal resultado se baseia na comprovação de que a inteligência só é possível na neocórtex. De acordo com esse resultado, o estudo faz uma segunda análise crítica com o objetivo de demonstrar por que não existe inteligência artificial na atualidade. A metodologia aplicada a esta pesquisa baseou-se nas teorias existentes sobre a inteligência artificial, centradas na informática e na neurociência

Quality by design approach for tablet formulations containing spray coated ramipril by using artificial intelligence techniques

Different software programs based on mathematical models have been developed to aid the product development process. Recent developments in mathematics and computer science have resulted in new programs based on artificial neural networks (ANN) techniques. These programs have been used to develop and formulate pharmaceutical products. In this study, intelligent software was used to predict the relationship between the materials that were used in tablet formulation and the tablet specifications and to determine highly detailed information about the interactions between the formulation parameters and the specifications. The input data were generated from historical data and the results obtained from analyzing tablets produced by different formulations. The relative significance of inputs on various outputs such as assay, dissolution in 30 min and crushing strengths, was investigated using the artificial neural networks (ANNs), neurofuzzy logic and genetic programming (FormRules, INForm ANN and GEP).This study indicated that ANN and GEP can be used effectively for optimizing formulations and that GEP can be evaluated statistically because of the openness of its equations. Additionally, FormRules was very helpful for teasing out the relationships between the inputs (formulation variables) and the outputs

Quality by design approach for tablet formulations containing spray coated ramipril by using artificial intelligence techniques

Different software programs based on mathematical models have been developed to aid the product development process. Recent developments in mathematics and computer science have resulted in new programs based on artificial neural networks (ANN) techniques. These programs have been used to develop and formulate pharmaceutical products. In this study, intelligent software was used to predict the relationship between the materials that were used in tablet formulation and the tablet specifications and to determine highly detailed information about the interactions between the formulation parameters and the specifications. The input data were generated from historical data and the results obtained from analyzing tablets produced by different formulations. The relative significance of inputs on various outputs such as assay, dissolution in 30 min and crushing strengths, was investigated using the artificial neural networks (ANNs), neurofuzzy logic and genetic programming (FormRules, INForm ANN and GEP).This study indicated that ANN and GEP can be used effectively for optimizing formulations and that GEP can be evaluated statistically because of the openness of its equations. Additionally, FormRules was very helpful for teasing out the relationships between the inputs (formulation variables) and the outputs

Rules and fuzzy rules in text: concept, extraction and usage

Several concepts and techniques have been imported from other disciplines such as Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence to the field of textual data. In this paper, we focus on the concept of rule and the management of uncertainty in text applications. The different structures considered for the construction of the rules, the extraction of the knowledge base and the applications and usage of these rules are detailed. We include a review of the most relevant works of the different types of rules based on their representation and their application to most of the common tasks of Information Retrieval such as categorization, indexing and classification

The use of ideas of Information Theory for studying "language" and intelligence in ants

In this review we integrate results of long term experimental study on ant "language" and intelligence which were fully based on fundamental ideas of Information Theory, such as the Shannon entropy, the Kolmogorov complexity, and the Shannon's equation connecting the length of a message ($l$) and its frequency $(p)$, i.e. $l = - \log p$ for rational communication systems. This approach, new for studying biological communication systems, enabled us to obtain the following important results on ants' communication and intelligence: i) to reveal "distant homing" in ants, that is, their ability to transfer information about remote events; ii) to estimate the rate of information transmission; iii) to reveal that ants are able to grasp regularities and to use them for "compression" of information; iv) to reveal that ants are able to transfer to each other the information about the number of objects; v) to discover that ants can add and subtract small numbers. The obtained results show that Information Theory is not only wonderful mathematical theory, but many its results may be considered as Nature laws