9,247 research outputs found
Beyond Gazing, Pointing, and Reaching: A Survey of Developmental Robotics
Developmental robotics is an emerging field located
at the intersection of developmental psychology
and robotics, that has lately attracted
quite some attention. This paper gives a survey of
a variety of research projects dealing with or inspired
by developmental issues, and outlines possible
future directions
Higher Education Business and Technology Leadersâ Behaviors that Drive Outcome Alignment
Higher education institutions (HEIs) face unprecedented challenges, including capacity alignment, financial sustainability, and even public confidence (Grajeck & Brooks, 2020; Grawe, 2019; Oblinger, 2019; Simone, 2020, Wheeler, 2020, Witt & Coyne, 2019). Financial challenges force HEIs to reduce costs by making decisions like cutting programs, laying off staff or merging institutions to reduce operating costs (Chen et al., 2019; Sellingo, 2017; Witt & Coyne, 2019). Higher education leaders (HELs) must act as trusted partners and broker technology to align processes, support, and outcomes (Luftman 2000; Petkovics, 2018; Reinitz, 2019). Unfortunately, higher educationâs business-technology (BITA) alignment remains lower than other national industries studied (Luftman & Kempiah, 2007). Organizations that align BITA strategies perform better, maximize the value of IT, pay less on IT per user and report higher customer satisfaction (Henderson & Venkatraman 1993; Reitz, 2019; Weiss & Anderson, 2004). Without alignment and value in technology investments, HEIs sustain higher operational costs, mis-aligned capacity and threatened financial sustainability, potentially leading to institutions closing or merging (Delany, 2019; Jesek & Lederman, 2018; Oblinger 2019; Witt & Coyne, 2019).
The study determined business and technology leadersâ behaviors that demonstrate alignment competencies for higher educationâs BITA. The study identified and categorized 141 behaviors demonstrating Luftmanâs (2003) BITA competencies. The participants then determined the impact of the categorized behaviors. As a result, HELs identified the behaviors and their impact that demonstrate BITA competencies
Laruelle Qua Stiegler: On Non-Marxism and the Transindividual
Alexander R. Galloway and Jason R. LaRiviĂ©reâs article âCompression in Philosophyâ seeks to pose François Laruelleâs engagement with metaphysics against Bernard Stieglerâs epistemological rendering of idealism. Identifying Laruelle as the theorist of genericity, through which mankind and the world are identified through an index of âopacity,â the authors argue that Laruelle does away with all deleterious philosophical âdata.â Laruelleâs generic immanence is posed against Stieglerâs process of retention and discretization, as Galloway and LaRiviĂ©re argue that Stieglerâs philosophy seeks to reveal an enchanted natural world through the development of noesis. By further developing Laruelle and Stieglerâs Marxian projects, I seek to demonstrate the relation between Stiegler's artefaction and âcompressionâ while, simultaneously, I also seek to create further bricolage between Laruelle and Stiegler. I also further elaborate on their distinct engagement(s) with Marx, offering the mold of synthesis as an alternative to compression when considering Stieglerâs work on transindividuation. In turn, this paper seeks to survey some of the contemporary theorists drawing from Stiegler (Yuk Hui, Al-exander Wilson and Daniel Ross) and Laruelle (Anne-Françoise Schmidt, Gilles Grelet, Ray Brassier, Katerina Kolozova, John Ă Maoilearca and Jonathan Fardy) to examine political discourse regarding the posthuman and non-human, with a particular interest in Kolozovaâs unified theory of standard philosophy and Capital
Interpretation of complex situations in a semantic-based surveillance framework
The integration of cognitive capabilities in computer vision systems requires both to enable high semantic expressiveness and to deal with high computational costs as large amounts of data are involved in the analysis. This contribution describes a cognitive vision system conceived to automatically provide high-level interpretations of complex real-time situations in outdoor and indoor scenarios, and to eventually maintain communication with casual end users in multiple languages. The main contributions are: (i) the design of an integrative multilevel architecture for cognitive surveillance purposes; (ii) the proposal of a coherent taxonomy of knowledge to guide the process of interpretation, which leads to the conception of a situation-based ontology; (iii) the use of situational analysis for content detection and a progressive interpretation of semantically rich scenes, by managing incomplete or uncertain knowledge, and (iv) the use of such an ontological background to enable multilingual capabilities and advanced end-user interfaces. Experimental results are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.This work was supported by the project 'CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 Multimodal interaction in pattern recognition and computer vision' (V-00069). This work is supported by EC Grants IST-027110 for the HERMES project and IST-045547 for the VIDI-video project, and by the Spanish MEC under Projects TIN2006-14606 and CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 (CSD2007-00018). Jordi GonzĂ lez also acknowledges the support of a Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish MEC.Peer Reviewe
Saccade learning with concurrent cortical and subcortical basal ganglia loops
The Basal Ganglia is a central structure involved in multiple cortical and
subcortical loops. Some of these loops are believed to be responsible for
saccade target selection. We study here how the very specific structural
relationships of these saccadic loops can affect the ability of learning
spatial and feature-based tasks.
We propose a model of saccade generation with reinforcement learning
capabilities based on our previous basal ganglia and superior colliculus
models. It is structured around the interactions of two parallel cortico-basal
loops and one tecto-basal loop. The two cortical loops separately deal with
spatial and non-spatial information to select targets in a concurrent way. The
subcortical loop is used to make the final target selection leading to the
production of the saccade. These different loops may work in concert or disturb
each other regarding reward maximization. Interactions between these loops and
their learning capabilities are tested on different saccade tasks.
The results show the ability of this model to correctly learn basic target
selection based on different criteria (spatial or not). Moreover the model
reproduces and explains training dependent express saccades toward targets
based on a spatial criterion.
Finally, the model predicts that in absence of prefrontal control, the
spatial loop should dominate
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