Benin Domestic Architecture "A Tabula Rasa" for Transition: from pre-Independence to Contemporary Architecture

Domestic architecture over centuries in Benin, southern Nigeria has undergone series of transformation. Benin Empire which spread to Ga tribe in Ghana, Dahomey in republic of Benin and Cameroun in eastern coast has an admirable architecture which was compare to the architecture in Amsterdam, Netherlands. But due to urbanization, peri-urbanization, growth and development, there has been neck and neck transition in domestic architecture across the crosssection of the City. Hence the focus of the paper is to examine the domestic architecture transition in Benin, Nigeria from pre-independence to contemporary architecture. For purpose of the study, pre-independence architecture can be captured under: i. pre-colonial architecture and ii. Colonial Architecture. While contemporary architecture was captured as i. independence architecture and ii. Post-independence architecture. The transitions in architecture were identified along timeline and the timelines produced four (4) distinct residential zones in Benin. The method employed for the research was qualitative approach, which means the transitions in Benin domestic architecture were documented through observation from architectural plans, identifiable transition observed from physical characteristics of houses and the use of interviews guide for key stakeholder was documente

Structural asessment and strengthening of Atatürk's mausoleum, Anitkabir

Anıtkabir is the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the commander of Turkish War of Independence and the founder of Republic of Turkey. Rather than a work of architecture, Anıtkabir has been a symbol and a focal center of Atatürk’s principles, republican revolutions and modern Turkey

Financial Supervision Fragmentation and Central Bank Independence: The Two Sides of the Same Coin?

This paper analyses how the central banks role in the monetary institutional setting can affect the unification process of the overall financial supervision architecture. Using indicators of monetary commitment and central bank independence, we claim that these legal proxies show an inverse link with financial supervision unification. Therefore, the trade off still holds between the supervisory and the central bank involvement per se, however, monetary commitment and independence do also matter. In this respect, in an institutional setting characterized by a central bank deeply and successfully involved in supervision, or legally independent, a multi-authority model is likely to occur.Financial Supervision, Single Authority, Central Bank Independence, Monetary Commitment

PERKEMBANGAN “ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL” DI KAWASAN POTROAGUNG

Colonial architecture is an architecture that combine West and East culture. This architecture presents trough the Dutch’s architect works and it is for the benefit of the Dutches that live in Indonesia before the Independence period. The architecture that present in the early period of the Independence, more or less influenced by the colonial architecture, beside the desire from the architects to be different from the colonial architecture which already exist (the jengki architecture). The architecture that present in the Putroagung area has been known to the colonial architecture, which also has influence from the jengki architecture. The ‘colonial’ architecture characteristics are still stand until this moment