Advancements in Enhancing Resilience of Electrical Distribution Systems: A Review on Frameworks, Metrics, and Technological Innovations

This comprehensive review paper explores power system resilience, emphasizing its evolution, comparison with reliability, and conducting a thorough analysis of the definition and characteristics of resilience. The paper presents the resilience frameworks and the application of quantitative power system resilience metrics to assess and quantify resilience. Additionally, it investigates the relevance of complex network theory in the context of power system resilience. An integral part of this review involves examining the incorporation of data-driven techniques in enhancing power system resilience. This includes the role of data-driven methods in enhancing power system resilience and predictive analytics. Further, the paper explores the recent techniques employed for resilience enhancement, which includes planning and operational techniques. Also, a detailed explanation of microgrid (MG) deployment, renewable energy integration, and peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading in fortifying power systems against disruptions is provided. An analysis of existing research gaps and challenges is discussed for future directions toward improvements in power system resilience. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of power system resilience is provided, which helps in improving the ability of distribution systems to withstand and recover from extreme events and disruptions

Callaborating to Improve Community Resiliency to Natural Disasters

https://digitalcommons.memphis.edu/govpubs-tn-advisory-commission-intergovernmental-relations-miscellaneous-reports/1011/thumbnail.jp

Climate Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Grassroots Renewable Energy in Nicaragua: A case study responding to the El Niño of 2015-2016 in Las Mariitas, Somotillo, Chinandega

The Major Research Project examines the application of Community Based Adaptation practices in the community of Las Mariitas, municipality of Somotillo in Chinandega, Nicaragua. The study takes particular interest in community based renewable energy projects and how these technologies are applied to improve resiliency alongside other adaptation strategies during droughts such as that of the El Niño of 2015-2016. In collaboration with the Humboldt Center, a leading Nicaraguan NGO dedicated to environmental advocacy, this research documents the benefits, deficiencies, and opportunities provided by these technologies in responding to climate vulnerabilities and environmental threats. This study applies participatory action research and mixed methods to analyze socioecological risks and vulnerabilities in Las Mariitas, as well as the Community Based Adaptation practices, socio-economic activities, and supportive civil society networks that work to improve resiliency and adaptation. The study applies an action oriented research framework called “the Approach to Designing Energy Delivery Models for People Living in Poverty”, which cumulated in the creation of a community energy project proposal that responds to the energy gaps and opportunities identified through field work and conversations with residents in Las Mariitas. The study concludes that climate and socio-environmental risks, including future El Niño drought patterns, natural resource exploitation, and socio-political crisis as of April 19, 2018, are likely to place strains on community health, wellbeing, and the local environment. Furthermore, residents in Las Mariitas engage in multifaceted approaches and income generating activities to improve overall climate resiliency and adaptation, including development projects, business ventures, migration, and sustainable agriculture, with support from external civil society networks and internal community organizations. Community energy projects contribute positively to community health and wellbeing with high appreciation from the community despite of the costs and deficits that may occur in implementation. The study recommends future inquiry into climate vulnerability indexes and Community Based Adaptation strategies in rural communities in Nicaragua through Participatory Action Research methods

An Assessment of PIER Electric Grid Research 2003-2014 White Paper

This white paper describes the circumstances in California around the turn of the 21st century that led the California Energy Commission (CEC) to direct additional Public Interest Energy Research funds to address critical electric grid issues, especially those arising from integrating high penetrations of variable renewable generation with the electric grid. It contains an assessment of the beneficial science and technology advances of the resultant portfolio of electric grid research projects administered under the direction of the CEC by a competitively selected contractor, the University of California’s California Institute for Energy and the Environment, from 2003-2014

EARTHQUAKE RISK IN INDONESIA: PARAMETRIC CONTINGENT CLAIMS FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTION RESILIENCY

This dissertation explores the use of an index based contingent claims mechanism against earthquake risk in Indonesia. It focuses on time critical financing needs of international humanitarian relief organizations, and on efforts to improve the resiliency of geographically constrained financial institutions whose clientele are exposed to disaster risk. The approach uses measures of ground motion intensity as the basis for the index. The humanitarian response mechanism provides a new way for private sector partners to participate and gain visibility in their support of principled humanitarian funding. Index based contingent claims for local banks are shown to enhance their ability to recover and continue lending to the community after an event. Financial risk management may also substitute for a portion of the lender\u27s precautionary capital buffer, enabling greater financial inclusion. Wholesale lenders with local bank networks having earthquake exposure can enhance these effects by offering group policies

Weathering Climate Change: Provisions for Climate Change Resiliency in Transboundary River Treaties

Climate change will be most apparent in alterations to the hydrologic system - shifts in movement, variations in extremes - thereby defining many resource disputes in the coming decades. Water is a boundaryless resource; as its hydrologic patterns shift within and without borders, so too will preexisting agreements on its use and allocation. The question for transboundary water agreements is: how can agreements both satisfy parties\u27 needs and account for future uncertainties of climate-induced changes to their basins\u27 hydrologic systems? From examining literature and water agreements, this thesis develops a list of provisions identified as foundational to resiliency in transboundary water agreements. The context of Central Asia provides a case study for determining the effectiveness of provisions in fostering resiliency, ultimately concluding that, if the implementation of an agreement is weak, then the impact of provisions is negated. The value of an agreement\u27s content is secondary to the resilient action resulting from it. Future research is needed to understand how provisions can be used to promote or strengthen agreement implementation

Data Mining in Smart Grids

Effective smart grid operation requires rapid decisions in a data-rich, but information-limited, environment. In this context, grid sensor data-streaming cannot provide the system operators with the necessary information to act on in the time frames necessary to minimize the impact of the disturbances. Even if there are fast models that can convert the data into information, the smart grid operator must deal with the challenge of not having a full understanding of the context of the information, and, therefore, the information content cannot be used with any high degree of confidence. To address this issue, data mining has been recognized as the most promising enabling technology for improving decision-making processes, providing the right information at the right moment to the right decision-maker. This Special Issue is focused on emerging methodologies for data mining in smart grids. In this area, it addresses many relevant topics, ranging from methods for uncertainty management, to advanced dispatching. This Special Issue not only focuses on methodological breakthroughs and roadmaps in implementing the methodology, but also presents the much-needed sharing of the best practices. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following: Fuzziness in smart grids computing Emerging techniques for renewable energy forecasting Robust and proactive solution of optimal smart grids operation Fuzzy-based smart grids monitoring and control frameworks Granular computing for uncertainty management in smart grids Self-organizing and decentralized paradigms for information processin