26,475 research outputs found
DolphinAtack: Inaudible Voice Commands
Speech recognition (SR) systems such as Siri or Google Now have become an
increasingly popular human-computer interaction method, and have turned various
systems into voice controllable systems(VCS). Prior work on attacking VCS shows
that the hidden voice commands that are incomprehensible to people can control
the systems. Hidden voice commands, though hidden, are nonetheless audible. In
this work, we design a completely inaudible attack, DolphinAttack, that
modulates voice commands on ultrasonic carriers (e.g., f > 20 kHz) to achieve
inaudibility. By leveraging the nonlinearity of the microphone circuits, the
modulated low frequency audio commands can be successfully demodulated,
recovered, and more importantly interpreted by the speech recognition systems.
We validate DolphinAttack on popular speech recognition systems, including
Siri, Google Now, Samsung S Voice, Huawei HiVoice, Cortana and Alexa. By
injecting a sequence of inaudible voice commands, we show a few
proof-of-concept attacks, which include activating Siri to initiate a FaceTime
call on iPhone, activating Google Now to switch the phone to the airplane mode,
and even manipulating the navigation system in an Audi automobile. We propose
hardware and software defense solutions. We validate that it is feasible to
detect DolphinAttack by classifying the audios using supported vector machine
(SVM), and suggest to re-design voice controllable systems to be resilient to
inaudible voice command attacks.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figure
Experimental realization of a highly secure chaos communication under strong channel noise
A one-way coupled spatiotemporally chaotic map lattice is used to contruct
cryptosystem. With the combinatorial applications of both chaotic computations
and conventional algebraic operations, our system has optimal cryptographic
properties much better than the separative applications of known chaotic and
conventional methods. We have realized experiments to pratice duplex voice
secure communications in realistic Wired Public Switched Telephone Network by
applying our chaotic system and the system of Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES), respectively, for cryptography. Our system can work stably against
strong channel noise when AES fails to work.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Protecting Voice Controlled Systems Using Sound Source Identification Based on Acoustic Cues
Over the last few years, a rapidly increasing number of Internet-of-Things
(IoT) systems that adopt voice as the primary user input have emerged. These
systems have been shown to be vulnerable to various types of voice spoofing
attacks. Existing defense techniques can usually only protect from a specific
type of attack or require an additional authentication step that involves
another device. Such defense strategies are either not strong enough or lower
the usability of the system. Based on the fact that legitimate voice commands
should only come from humans rather than a playback device, we propose a novel
defense strategy that is able to detect the sound source of a voice command
based on its acoustic features. The proposed defense strategy does not require
any information other than the voice command itself and can protect a system
from multiple types of spoofing attacks. Our proof-of-concept experiments
verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this defense strategy.Comment: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computer
Communications and Networks (ICCCN), Hangzhou, China, July-August 2018. arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1803.0915
Multidimensional Vector Representation of Momentum Signal Values With Their Correlation-Matrix Treatment for Estimation of Protection of Voice Information
Оценка защищенности речевой информации на всех стадиях жизненного цикла информационных систем и их составных элементов остается сложной научной задачей, несмотря на использование новых перспективных моделей помехоустойчивых сигналов с оптимальной их обработкой. Важнейшим средством обработки аналоговых и цифровых сигналов для оценки защиты речевой информации остается корреляционный метод [1].= Evaluation of the security of speech information at all stages of the life cycle of information systems and their constituent elements remains a complex scientific task, in spite of the use of new promising models of noiseimmune signals with optimal processing. The most important means of processing analog and digital signals for evaluating the protection of voice information remains the correlation method
Cryptanalysis of an Encryption Scheme Based on Blind Source Separation
Recently Lin et al. proposed a method of using the underdetermined BSS (blind
source separation) problem to realize image and speech encryption. In this
paper, we give a cryptanalysis of this BSS-based encryption and point out that
it is not secure against known/chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext
attack. In addition, there exist some other security defects: low sensitivity
to part of the key and the plaintext, a ciphertext-only differential attack,
divide-and-conquer (DAC) attack on part of the key. We also discuss the role of
BSS in Lin et al.'s efforts towards cryptographically secure ciphers.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, IEEE forma
Low-complexity Multiclass Encryption by Compressed Sensing
The idea that compressed sensing may be used to encrypt information from
unauthorised receivers has already been envisioned, but never explored in depth
since its security may seem compromised by the linearity of its encoding
process. In this paper we apply this simple encoding to define a general
private-key encryption scheme in which a transmitter distributes the same
encoded measurements to receivers of different classes, which are provided
partially corrupted encoding matrices and are thus allowed to decode the
acquired signal at provably different levels of recovery quality.
The security properties of this scheme are thoroughly analysed: firstly, the
properties of our multiclass encryption are theoretically investigated by
deriving performance bounds on the recovery quality attained by lower-class
receivers with respect to high-class ones. Then we perform a statistical
analysis of the measurements to show that, although not perfectly secure,
compressed sensing grants some level of security that comes at almost-zero cost
and thus may benefit resource-limited applications.
In addition to this we report some exemplary applications of multiclass
encryption by compressed sensing of speech signals, electrocardiographic tracks
and images, in which quality degradation is quantified as the impossibility of
some feature extraction algorithms to obtain sensitive information from
suitably degraded signal recoveries.Comment: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, accepted for publication.
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