2,400 research outputs found
Community rotorcraft air transportation benefits and opportunities
Information about rotorcraft that will assist community planners in assessing and planning for the use of rotorcraft transportation in their communities is provided. Information useful to helicopter researchers, manufacturers, and operators concerning helicopter opportunities and benefits is also given. Three primary topics are discussed: the current status and future projections of rotorcraft technology, and the comparison of that technology with other transportation vehicles; the community benefits of promising rotorcraft transportation opportunities; and the integration and interfacing considerations between rotorcraft and other transportation vehicles. Helicopter applications in a number of business and public service fields are examined in various geographical settings
Isolating key features in urban traffic dynamics and noise emission: a study on a signalized intersection and a roundabout
Urban planning and transport network are considered as major urban systems with great impact on the sound environment. Most of the work done in transport management and traffic design to improve the quality of both outdoor and indoor sound environment relies on conventional noise mapping software outcomes. This type of tool is based on macroscopic traffic modelling, considering traffic flow as a steady noise source. A commonly implemented practice intended to reduce noise in urban areas is the transformation of a signalised crossing into a roundabout. However, the individual vehicle behaviour becomes relevant in these decisions, where high time-pattern fluctuations are responsible for changes in the quality of the urban sound environment and of human activity. The present paper studies a set of indicators from isolated key features in these two road traffic configurations and their possible variations (acceleration, heavy vehicles, etc.). A VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation model combined with the CNOSSOS-EU noise emission model is used to test cases based on real situations, now in development stage. The approach presented aims to provide stronger basis in the reasoning behind why different road traffic configurations adopted in the urban planning practice give certain effects in relation to the urban sound environment
Noise-Aware and Equitable Urban Air Traffic Management: An Optimization Approach
Urban air mobility (UAM), a transformative concept for the transport of
passengers and cargo, faces several integration challenges in complex urban
environments. Community acceptance of aircraft noise is among the most
noticeable of these challenges when launching or scaling up a UAM system.
Properly managing community noise is fundamental to establishing a UAM system
that is environmentally and socially sustainable. In this work, we develop a
holistic and equitable approach to manage UAM air traffic and its community
noise impact in urban environments. The proposed approach is a hybrid approach
that considers a mix of different noise mitigation strategies, including
limiting the number of operations, cruising at higher altitudes, and ambient
noise masking. We tackle the problem through the lens of network system control
and formulate a multi-objective optimization model for managing traffic flow in
a multi-layer UAM network while concurrently pursuing demand fulfillment, noise
control, and energy saving. Further, we use a social welfare function in the
optimization model as the basis for the efficiency-fairness trade-off in both
demand fulfillment and noise control. We apply the proposed approach to a
comprehensive case study in the city of Austin and perform design trade-offs
through both visual and quantitative analyses.Comment: 30 pages, 15 figure
Soundscape Evaluation on Mississippi State University Campus
The term soundscape, used for the first time at the end of 1970s, refers to the sum of the sounds that can be heard and perceived by people in a specific environment. The concept of soundscape has recently received attention in planning and design disciplines. Recent studies on soundscape have shown that the acoustic environment plays an important role for the comfort of site users. Hence, this research investigates how objective measurement of soundscape might be different from subjective perceptions of users in the Mississippi State University Campus as a public open space due to demographic and climatic variations. The public open spaces studied in the Mississippi State University Campus include four locations: the Mitchell Memorial Library, the Colvard Student Union, the Bell Island, and the Sanderson Center. These locations were evaluated through objective measurement, and subjective evaluation
Effect of wind farm noise on local residents’ decision to adopt mitigation measures
Wind turbines’ noise is frequently pointed out as the reason for local communities’ objection
to the installation of wind farms. The literature suggests that local residents feel annoyed by such
noise and that, in many instances, this is significant enough to make them adopt noise-abatement
interventions on their homes. Aiming at characterizing the relationship between wind turbine
noise, annoyance, and mitigating actions, we propose a novel conceptual framework. The proposed
framework posits that actual sound pressure levels of wind turbines determine individual homes’
noise-abatement decisions; in addition, the framework analyzes the role that self-reported annoyance,
and perception of noise levels, plays on the relationship between actual noise pressure levels and those
decisions. The application of this framework to a particular case study shows that noise perception
and annoyance constitutes a link between the two. Importantly, however, noise also directly affects
people’s decision to adopt mitigating measures, independently of the reported annoyance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Autonomous Vehicle and Smart Traffic
Long-term forecasting of technology has become extremely difficult due to the rapid realization of any suggested idea. Communication and software technologies can compensate for the problems that may arise during the transition period between idea generation and realization. However, this rapid process can cause problems for the automotive industry and transportation systems.Autonomous vehicles are currently a hot topic within the transportation sector. This development is related to the compatibility of vehicles of the near future with the development of the infrastructure on which these vehicles will be based. There are certain problems regarding the solutions that are currently being worked on, such as how autonomous should vehicles be, their control mechanisms, driving safety, energy requirements, and environmental use. The problem is not just about the design of autonomous vehicles. The user transportation systems of these vehicles also need problem-free solutions. The problem should not only be seen as financial because sociological effects are an important part of this feature.In this book, valuable research on the modeling, systems, transportation, technological necessity, and logistics of autonomous vehicles is presented. The content of the book will help researchers to create ideas for their future studies and to open up the discussion of autonomous vehicles
- …