Decentralized Manufacturing Supply Chains Coordination under Uncertain Competitiveness

AbstractThe coordination of decentralized multi-product manufacturing SCs is achieved through negotiations based on expected win-win principles in an uncertain competitive environment. Based on non-symmetrical roles of the different actors, the client (as leader) is supposed to propose coordination contracts according to its best expected conditions, taking into account the uncertain reaction of the provider (follower). This uncertain reaction is modeled as a probability of acceptance, computed according to the overall scenario conditions, which include the presence of 3rd parties. Different negotiation scenarios are analyzed considering cooperative and non-cooperative cases. The resulting MINLP tactical models are illustrated using a case study with different providers (follower SC) around a client (leader SC) interacting in a global decentralized scenario. The negotiations based on non-cooperative cases proves to identify the situation with higher independent profit expectations. Moreover, the proposed approach shows the importance of considering the uncertainty associated with the response of the follower to the leader's decisions, resulting from a wider knowledge of its options

Decentralized supply chains coordination under uncertain competitiveness

The coordination of decentralized multi - site multi - product manufacturing SCs is achieved through Scenario - Based Negotiation s (SBN s ) based on expected win - win principles in an uncertain competitive environment . Based on the non - symmetric roles of t he different actors , the client (SC leader ) is supposed to propose coordination contract s according to its best expected conditions , taking into account the uncertain reaction of the provider ( follower ). This uncertain reaction is modeled as a probability of acceptance , computed according to the overall scenario conditions, which include the presence of third parties . Different negotiation scenarios are analyzed considering i) Standalone, ii) Cooperative, and iii) Non - Cooperative cases . The resulting MINLP tactical models are illustrated using a case study with different providers ( follower SCs ) around a client ( SC leader ) interacting in a global decentralized scenario. The Non - Cooperative Negotiation Scenario ( nCNS ) proves to identify the situation with , hi gher independent profit expectations , while cooperation would lead to higher overall profit . Moreover, the proposed approach show s the importance of considering the uncertainty associated with the response of the follower s to the leader's decision - making, resulting from a wider knowledge of its optionsPostprint (published version

Integrated game-theory modelling for multi enterprise-wide coordination and collaboration under uncertain competitive environment

In this work, an integrated Game Theory (GT) approach is developed for the coordination of multi-enterprise Supply Chains (SCs) in a competitive uncertain environment. The conflicting goals of the different participants are solved through coordination contracts using a non-cooperative non-zero-sum Stackelberg game under the leadership of the manufacturer. The Stackelberg payoff matrix is built under the nominal conditions, and then evaluated under different probable uncertain scenarios using a Monte-Carlo simulation. The competition between the Stackelberg game players and the third parties is solved through a Nash Equilibrium game. A novel way to analyze the game outcome is proposed based on a win–win Stackelberg set of “Pareto-frontiers”. The benefits of the resulting MINLP tactical models are illustrated by a case study with different vendors around a client SC. The results show that the coordinated decisions lead to higher expected payoffs compared to the standalone case, while also leading to uncertainty reduction.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Operadores de transporte multimodal de cargas no Brasil : uma aplicação da visão baseada em recursos pela análise envoltória de dados (DEA)

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2018.O Transporte Multimodal de Cargas (TMC) é caracterizado por um único contrato, duas ou mais modalidades de transporte desde a origem até o destino e responsabilidade única de um Operador de Transporte Multimodal (OTM), segundo a Lei n.º 9.611/98. A Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR) consiste numa abordagem do campo da administração estratégica que enfatiza a relação entre os recursos da organização e o seu desempenho. Embora a operação multimodal brasileira seja dificultada por diversos impedimentos, a quantidade de registros é expressiva, justificando um maior conhecimento sobre estes operadores. Neste contexto, o problema da presente dissertação foi identificar qual é o perfil dos OTM de cargas no Brasil a partir da VBR. A amostra selecionada contou com 22 empresas, as quais divulgaram seus parâmetros econômico-financeiros na revista “Maiores do Transporte & Melhores do Transporte 2016”. Para alcançar o objetivo geral de categorizar os OTM a partir da VBR, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura para cada eixo de pesquisa (TMC e VBR), os OTM foram classificados quanto a parâmetros econômico-financeiros e operacionais por meio da estatística descritiva e, por fim, a eficiência dos OTM foi determinada pelo método de Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA). Observou-se a predominância do transporte rodoviário de carga e verificou-se que 40,9% das empresas opera apenas um modo de transporte, contradizendo a definição do TMC pela legislação. Entretanto, como esta operação pode ser por meios próprios ou de terceiros, supõe-se que estas empresas sejam responsáveis por toda a gestão do transporte e contratantes de operadores terceirizados de outras modalidades. Após o processamento do modelo DEA, obteve-se o grau de eficiência relativa das 22 empresas da amostra, das quais 19 foram consideradas eficientes e 3 ineficientes.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ).The Multimodal Freight Transport (MFT) is characterized by a single contract, two or more modes of transportation from origin to destination and the unique responsibility by a Multimodal Transport Operator (MTO), according to the Law n.º 9.611/98. The Resource Based View (RBV) is a strategic management approach that emphasizes the relationship between the organization's resources and its performance. Although the Brazilian multimodal operation is hampered by several impediments, the number of registers is significant, justifying a deeper knowledge about these operators. In this context, the problem of the present dissertation was to identify the profile of the MTO in Brazil from RBV. The selected sample counted on 22 companies, which disclosed their economic-financial parameters in the magazine “Maiores do Transporte & Melhores de Transporte 2016”. In order to reach the general objective of categorizing the MTO from the RBV, a narrative literature review was carried out for each search axis (MFT and RBV), the MTO were classified according to economic-financial and operational parameters by means of descriptive statistics, and, finally, the MTO efficiency was determined by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The predominance of road transport was observed and it was found that 40.9% of the companies operate only one mode of transport, contradicting the definition of MFT by the legislation. However, considering that this operation may be by own means or by outsourcing, it is assumed that these companies are responsible for all the transportation management and outsource services of other modalities. After processing the DEA model, the relative efficiency of the 22 companies was obtained, of which 19 were considered efficient and 3 inefficient

Optimisation Methodologies for the Design and Planning of Water Systems

This thesis addresses current topics of design and planning of water systems from water treatment units to a country-wide resources management schemes. The methodologies proposed are presented as models and solution approaches using mathematical programming, and mixed integer linear (MILP) and non-linear (MINLP) programming techniques. In Part I of the thesis, a synthesis problem for water treatment processes using superstructure optimisation is studied. An MINLP model is developed for the minimisation of water production cost considering physicochemical properties of water and operating conditions of candidate technologies. Next, new alternative path options are introduced to the superstructure. The resulting MINLP model is then partially linearised (plMINLP) and also presented as a mixed integer linear fractional programming (MILFP) model in order to improve the convergence of the optimisation model. Various linearisation and approximation techniques are developed. As a solution procedure to the fractional model, a variation of the Dinkelbach's algorithm is proposed. The models are tested on theoretical examples with industrial data. In Part II, an optimisation approach formulated as a spatially-explicit multi-period MILP model is proposed for the design of planning of water resources at regional and national scales. The optimisation framework encompasses decisions such as installation of new purification plants, capacity expansion, trading schemes among regions and pricing, and water availability under climate change. The objective is to meet water demand while minimising the total cost associated with developing and operating the water supply chain. Additionally, a fair trade-o between the total cost and reliability of the supply chain is incorporated in the model. The solution method is applied based on game theory using the concept of Nash equilibrium. The methodology is implemented on a case study based on Australian water management systems