An object-based classification approach for mapping "migrant housing" in the mega-urban area of the Pearl River Delta (China)

Urban areas develop on formal and informal levels. Informal development is often highly dynamic, leading to a lag of spatial information about urban structure types. In this work, an object-based remote sensing approach will be presented to map the migrant housing urban structure type in the Pearl River Delta, China. SPOT5 data were utilized for the classification (auxiliary data, particularly up-to-date cadastral data, were not available). A hierarchically structured classification process was used to create (spectral) independence from single satellite scenes and to arrive at a transferrable classification process. Using the presented classification approach, an overall classification accuracy of migrant housing of 68.0% is attained

Object-based image analysis of slum settlements: A case study from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

In recent years, slum settlements developed in nations, due to increases in population density and a lack of land use planning (Dar Ramani Huria, 2016). Remote sensing provides city planners, engineers, and local officials the ability to analyze past, present, and possible future growth of slum settlements and inadequate access to urban services (water, garbage disposal system, etc.). The research aims to extract building footprints of slum settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to employ remote sensing methods, in order to identify and extract slum settlements in the observed area. High resolution imagery (0.3 meters), provided by Worldview 3 was used to assess urban structures within two wards in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Manzese & Tandale). Overall, this research provided evidence that Object-Based Image Analysis is a beneficial and useful process in capturing slum settlements, considering that it had captured up to 118,500 square meters of slums. Slum settlement mapping provides the following for citizens of slum settlements: access to water, improved sanitation, secure tenure, or more durable housing. Slum settlement mapping leads to a better understanding of future land use planning, the local economy, and housing regulations

マルチスケールの視点からみた中国における都市開発と人口移動の関係に関する研究

Development is the main problem facing cities in the world today. Urban development is inseparable from the support of labor. The population movement between regions provides a guarantee for the sustainable development of the city. Therefore, the interactive relationship between urban development and population mobility needs more in-depth research. This research combines official statistics and emerging big data to study the interactive relationship between urban development and population mobility from the macro, meso and micro levels. In addition, with the help of exploratory spatial data analysis methods, the spatial effects between urban development and population mobility can be captured, including spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity. The use of spatial econometric models reveals the driving forces that affect population mobility. The results of the empirical analysis can provide a theoretical reference for the future development of China’s urbanization.北九州市立大

Beyond globalized visions : problematizing urban theory through spatial explorations of the Pearl River Delta

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability-Volume 4

Anthropogenic activities are significant drivers of climate change and environmental degradation. Such activities are particularly influential in the context of the land system that is an important medium connecting earth surface, atmospheric dynamics, ecological systems, and human activities. Assessment of land use land cover changes and associated environmental, economic, and social consequences is essential to provide references for enhancing climate resilience and improving environmental sustainability. On the one hand, this book touches on various environmental topics, including soil erosion, crop yield, bioclimatic variation, carbon emission, natural vegetation dynamics, ecosystem and biodiversity degradation, and habitat quality caused by both climate change and earth surface modifications. On the other hand, it explores a series of socioeconomic facts, such as education equity, population migration, economic growth, sustainable development, and urban structure transformation, along with urbanization. The results of this book are of significance in terms of revealing the impact of land use land cover changes and generating policy recommendations for land management. More broadly, this book is important for understanding the interrelationships among life on land, good health and wellbeing, quality education, climate actions, economic growth, sustainable cities and communities, and responsible consumption and production according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We expect the book to benefit decision makers, practitioners, and researchers in different fields, such as climate governance, crop science and agricultural engineering, forest ecosystem, land management, urban planning and design, urban governance, and institutional operation.Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges the Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Project NO. 2022ZA01 supported by the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, China. We appreciate the assistance of Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen, and Ms. Anxian Chen at School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China

Where is the Global Transaction Centre of RMB: Shanghai, Hong Kong or perhaps London?

Session OSS1: Geographies of Finance and FinancialisationConference Theme: Sustaining Regional FuturesThis paper presents preliminary results of a study on the world major foreign exchange markets and FOREX trading centres. This research focuses on the recent trends of transactions of the world major foreign currencies, their geographical locations and the driving forces behind them. It also touches upon the relation of “on-shore” and “off-shore” characteristics, which helps to distinguish the importance and prominence of FOREX trading centres. The findings could shed light on the potential location and emergence of a global RMB transaction centre-the so-called RMB off-shore centre that Shanghai and Hong Kong are currently competing for, which is a battle that London and Singapore would also like to join.postprin

Multilevel comparison of large urban systems

For the first time the systems of cities in seven countries or regions among the largest in the world (China, India, Brazil, Europe, the Former Soviet Union (FSU), the United States and South Africa) are made comparable through the building of spatio-temporal standardised statistical databases. We first explain the concept of a generic evolutionary urban unit ("city") and its necessary adaptations to the information provided by each national statistical system. Second, the hierarchical structure and the urban growth process are compared at macro-scale for the seven countries with reference to Zipf's and Gibrat's model: in agreement with an evolutionary theory of urban systems, large similarities shape the hierarchical structure and growth processes in BRICS countries as well as in Europe and United States, despite their positions at different stages in the urban transition that explain some structural peculiarities. Third, the individual trajectories of some 10,000 cities are mapped at micro-scale following a cluster analysis of their evolution over the last fifty years. A few common principles extracted from the evolutionary theory of urban systems can explain the diversity of these trajectories, including a specific pattern in their geographical repartition in the Chinese case. We conclude that the observations at macro-level when summarized as stylised facts can help in designing simulation models of urban systems whereas the urban trajectories identified at micro-level are consistent enough for constituting the basis of plausible future population projections.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures; Pumain, Denise, et al. "Multilevel comparison of large urban systems." Cybergeo: European Journal of Geography (2015

China's Architecture in a Globalizing World: Between Socialism and the Market

China is currently in the midst of an unprecedented building boom and, indeed, interest in Chinese contemporary architecture has been fuelled by this huge expansion. Through a cutting-edge theoretical discussion of Chinese architecture in relation to Chinese modernity, this book examines this phenomenon in detail. In particular, it highlights how changes in the social-political system, the residual influence of Mao and the demands of the market have each shaped and determined style and form in recent years. Using key case studies of Liu Jiakun, Cui Kai, and URBANUS, it analyses the intricate details of historical pressures and practical strategies affecting Chinese architecture. In doing so, it demonstrates that Chinese architects contribute in specific ways to the international architectural discourse, since they are actively engaging with the complex societal transition of contemporary China and managing the dynamics and conflicts arising during the process. China's Architecture in a Globalizing World: Between Socialism and the Market offers a lens into the innovation and uniqueness of architectural design in China. As such, this book will be useful for students and scholars of architecture, Chinese culture and society and urban studies