63 research outputs found
Usable Interface Design for Everyone
En el diseño de "interfaces para todo el mundo" para los sistemas interactivos, es importante tener en cuenta factores como el costo, el mercado de destino, el estado del medio ambiente,etc. Los interfaces de usuario son fundamentales para el proceso de desarrollo de cualquier aplicaciĂłn, y su diseño debe estar contemplado desde el principio. De las distintas partes de un sistema (hardware y software), es la interfaz el sistema que permite al usuario el acceso a los recursos informĂĄticos. Los siete principios del "Diseño Universal" o "Diseño para Todos" se centran en un diseño utilizable universal, pero al mismo tiempo reconocer la influencia de factores internos y externos. Los cambios estructurales en los servicios sociales y de salud podrĂan proporcionar un aumento en el bienestar de los ciudadanos de un paĂs a travĂ©s del uso de la programaciĂłn de auto-cuidado y la gestiĂłn proactiva / prevenciĂłn de la enfermedad. Plataformas automatizadas en el hogar pueden actuar como un instrumento que permitan a los usuarios evitar, compensar, mitigar o neutralizar las deficiencias y las dependencias causada por el envejecimiento.When designing âinterfaces for everyoneâ for interactive systems, it
is important to consider factors such as cost, the intended market, the state of
the environment, etc. User interfaces are fundamental for the developmental
process in any application, and its design must be contemplated from the start.
Of the distinct parts of a system (hardware and software), it is the interface that
permits the user access to computer resources. The seven principles of
âUniversal Designâ or âDesign for Everyoneâ focus on a universal usable
design, but at the same time acknowledge the influences of internal and external
factors. Structural changes in social and health services could provide an
increase in the well-being of a countryâs citizens through the use of self-care
programming and proactive management/prevention of disease. Automated
home platforms can act as an accessibility instrument which permits users to
avoid, compensate, mitigate, or neutralize the deficiencies and dependencies
caused by living alon
Generic adaptation framework for unifying adaptive web-based systems
The Generic Adaptation Framework (GAF) research project first and foremost creates a common formal framework for describing current and future adaptive hypermedia (AHS) and adaptive webbased systems in general. It provides a commonly agreed upon taxonomy and a reference model that encompasses the most general architectures of the present and future, including conventional AHS, and different types of personalization-enabling systems and applications such as recommender systems (RS) personalized web search, semantic web enabled applications used in personalized information delivery, adaptive e-Learning applications and many more. At the same time GAF is trying to bring together two (seemingly not intersecting) views on the adaptation: a classical pre-authored type, with conventional domain and overlay user models and data-driven adaptation which includes a set of data mining, machine learning and information retrieval tools. To bring these research fields together we conducted a number GAF compliance studies including RS, AHS, and other applications combining adaptation, recommendation and search. We also performed a number of real systemsâ case-studies to prove the point and perform a detailed analysis and evaluation of the framework. Secondly it introduces a number of new ideas in the field of AH, such as the Generic Adaptation Process (GAP) which aligns with a layered (data-oriented) architecture and serves as a reference adaptation process. This also helps to understand the compliance features mentioned earlier. Besides that GAF deals with important and novel aspects of adaptation enabling and leveraging technologies such as provenance and versioning. The existence of such a reference basis should stimulate AHS research and enable researchers to demonstrate ideas for new adaptation methods much more quickly than if they had to start from scratch. GAF will thus help bootstrap any adaptive web-based system research, design, analysis and evaluation
Applying digital content management to support localisation
The retrieval and presentation of digital content such as that on the World Wide Web (WWW) is a substantial area of research. While recent years have seen huge expansion in the size of web-based archives that can be searched efficiently by commercial search engines, the presentation of potentially relevant content is still limited to ranked document lists represented by simple text snippets or image keyframe surrogates. There is expanding interest in techniques to personalise the presentation of content to improve the richness and effectiveness of the user experience. One of the most significant challenges to achieving this is the increasingly multilingual nature of this data, and the need to provide suitably localised responses to users based on this content. The Digital Content Management (DCM) track of the Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL) is seeking to develop technologies to support advanced personalised access and presentation of information by combining elements from the existing research areas of Adaptive Hypermedia and Information Retrieval. The combination of these technologies is intended to produce significant improvements in the way users access information. We review key features of these technologies and introduce early ideas for how these technologies can support localisation and localised content before concluding with some impressions of future directions in DCM
User modeling In adaptive hypermedia educational systems
This document is a survey in the research area of User Modeling (UM) for the specific field of Adaptive
Learning. The aims of this document are: To define what it is a User Model; To present existing and well known
User Models; To analyze the existent standards related with UM; To compare existing systems. In the scientific
area of User Modeling (UM), numerous research and developed systems already seem to promise good results,
but some experimentation and implementation are still necessary to conclude about the utility of the UM. That
is, the experimentation and implementation of these systems are still very scarce to determine the utility of some
of the referred applications. At present, the Student Modeling research goes in the direction to make possible
reuse a student model in different systems. The standards are more and more relevant for this effect, allowing
systems communicate and to share data, components and structures, at syntax and semantic level, even if most
of them still only allow syntax integration
Social personalized e-learning framework
This thesis discusses the topic of how to improve adaptive and personalized e-learning in order to provide novel learning experiences. A recent literature review revealed that adaptive and personalized e-learning systems are not widely used. There is a lack of interoperability between adaptive systems and learning management systems, in addition to limited collaborative and social features. First of all, this thesis investigates the interoperability issue via two case studies. The first case study focuses on how to achieve interoperability between adaptive systems and learning management systems using e-learning standards and the second case study focuses on how to augment e-learning standards with adaptive features. Secondly, this thesis proposes a new social framework for personalized e-learning, in order to provide adaptive and personalized e-learning platforms with new social features. This is not just about creating learning content, but also about developing new ways of learning. For instance, in the presented vision, adaptive learning does not refer to individuals only, but also to groups. Furthermore, the boundaries between authors and learners become less distinct in the Web 2.0 context. Finally, a new social personalized prototype is introduced based on the new social framework for personalized e-learning in order to test and evaluate this framework. The implementation and evaluation of the new system were carried out through a number of case studies.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceUniversity of Warwick. Dept. of Computer ScienceGBUnited Kingdo
NASA SBIR abstracts of 1990 phase 1 projects
The research objectives of the 280 projects placed under contract in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 1990 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 program are described. The basic document consists of edited, non-proprietary abstracts of the winning proposals submitted by small businesses in response to NASA's 1990 SBIR Phase 1 Program Solicitation. The abstracts are presented under the 15 technical topics within which Phase 1 proposals were solicited. Each project was assigned a sequential identifying number from 001 to 280, in order of its appearance in the body of the report. The document also includes Appendixes to provide additional information about the SBIR program and permit cross-reference in the 1990 Phase 1 projects by company name, location by state, principal investigator, NASA field center responsible for management of each project, and NASA contract number
Personalised trails and learner profiling within e-learning environments
This deliverable focuses on personalisation and personalised trails. We begin by introducing and defining the concepts of personalisation and personalised trails. Personalisation requires that a user profile be stored, and so we assess currently available standard profile schemas and discuss the requirements for a profile to support personalised learning. We then review techniques for providing personalisation and some systems that implement these techniques, and discuss some of the issues around evaluating personalisation systems. We look especially at the use of learning and cognitive styles to support personalised learning, and also consider personalisation in the field of mobile learning, which has a slightly different take on the subject, and in commercially available systems, where personalisation support is found to currently be only at quite a low level. We conclude with a summary of the lessons to be learned from our review of personalisation and personalised trails
Scalable Intelligence for Scheduling Systems
A personalização é um aspeto chave de uma interação homem-computador efetiva. Numa era
em que existe uma abundùncia de informação e tantas pessoas a interagir com ela, de muitas
maneiras, a capacidade de se ajustar aos seus utilizadores Ă© crucial para qualquer sistema
moderno. A criação de sistemas adaptĂĄveis Ă© um domĂnio bastante complexo que necessita de
mĂ©todos muito especĂficos para ter sucesso. No entanto, nos dias de hoje ainda nĂŁo existe um
modelo ou arquitetura padrĂŁo para usar nos sistemas adaptativos modernos. A principal
motivação desta tese é a proposta de uma arquitetura para modelação do utilizador que seja
capaz de incorporar diferentes mĂłdulos necessĂĄrios para criar um sistema com inteligĂȘncia
escalåvel com técnicas de modelação. Os módulos cooperam de forma a analisar os utilizadores
e caracterizar o seu comportamento, usando essa informação para fornecer uma experiĂȘncia
de sistema customizada que irå aumentar não só a usabilidade do sistema mas também a
produtividade e conhecimento do utilizador.
A arquitetura proposta Ă© constituĂda por trĂȘs componentes: uma unidade de informação do
utilizador, uma estrutura matemåtica capaz de classificar os utilizadores e a técnica a usar
quando se adapta o conteĂșdo. A unidade de informação do utilizador Ă© responsĂĄvel por
conhecer os vĂĄrios tipos de indivĂduos que podem usar o sistema, por capturar cada detalhe de
interaçÔes relevantes entre si e os seus utilizadores e também contém a base de dados que
guarda essa informação. A estrutura matemåtica é o classificador de utilizadores, e tem como
tarefa a sua anĂĄlise e classificação num de trĂȘs perfis: iniciado, intermĂ©dio ou avançado. Tanto
as redes de Bayes como as neuronais são utilizadas, e uma explicação de como as preparar e
treinar para lidar com a informação do utilizador é apresentada. Com o perfil do utilizador
definido torna-se necessĂĄria uma tĂ©cnica para adaptar o conteĂșdo do sistema. Nesta proposta,
uma abordagem de iniciativa mista Ă© apresentada tendo como base a liberdade de tanto o
utilizador como o sistema controlarem a comunicação entre si.
A arquitetura proposta foi desenvolvida como parte integrante do projeto ADSyS - um sistema
de escalonamento dinĂąmico - utilizado para resolver problemas de escalonamento sujeitos a
eventos dinĂąmicos. Possui uma complexidade elevada mesmo para utilizadores frequentes, daĂ
a necessidade de adaptar o seu conteĂșdo de forma a aumentar a sua usabilidade.
Com o objetivo de avaliar as contribuiçÔes deste trabalho, um estudo computacional acerca do
reconhecimento dos utilizadores foi desenvolvido, tendo por base duas sessÔes de avaliação de
usabilidade com grupos de utilizadores distintos. Foi possĂvel concluir acerca dos benefĂcios na
utilização de técnicas de modelação do utilizador com a arquitetura proposta.Personalization is a key aspect of effective Human-Computer Interaction. The ability to adjust
itself to its users is crucial to any modern system, in an era where there is so much information
and so many people interacting in so many ways. The creation of adaptable systems is a
complex domain that requires very specific methods in order to be successful. However, still
today there is no standard model or architecture to use on a modern adaptive system. The main
motivation of this dissertation is to propose an architecture for user modelling that is able to
incorporate separate modules required to create a scalable intelligence system with user
modelling techniques. The modules cooperate in order to analyse users and characterize their
behaviour, using that information to provide a customized system experience that will increase
not only the usability of the system but also the userâs productivity and knowledge.
The proposed architecture is composed by three components: a user information unit, a
mathematical structure able to classify users and the technique to use when adapting content.
The user information unit is responsible for knowing the several types of individuals that can
use the system, for capturing every part of relevant interaction between itself and its users and
also contains the database which stores that information. The mathematical structure is the
user classifier and is in charge of analysing the users and classifying them into one of three roles:
beginner, intermediate or expert. Both Bayesian and Artificial Neural Networks are used, and
an explanation on how to prepare and train them to deal with user information is provided.
With the user role defined, a proper technique to adapt systemâs content is required. In this
work, a Mixed-Initiative approach is detailed which is based on allowing both the user and the
system to gain control in the communication between them.
The proposed architecture was developed as part of the ADSyS project. ADSyS is a Dynamic
Scheduling system to solve scheduling problems subject to dynamic events. It has a high
complexity even for frequent users, hence the need for the adaptation of its content to increase
its usability.
In order to evaluate the contribution of this work, a computational study of the user
recognition was developed, as well as two usability evaluation sessions with distinct users. It
was possible to conclude about the benefits of employing user modelling techniques with the
proposed architecture
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