Introducing Dynamic Behavior in Amalgamated Knowledge Bases

The problem of integrating knowledge from multiple and heterogeneous sources is a fundamental issue in current information systems. In order to cope with this problem, the concept of mediator has been introduced as a software component providing intermediate services, linking data resources and application programs, and making transparent the heterogeneity of the underlying systems. In designing a mediator architecture, we believe that an important aspect is the definition of a formal framework by which one is able to model integration according to a declarative style. To this purpose, the use of a logical approach seems very promising. Another important aspect is the ability to model both static integration aspects, concerning query execution, and dynamic ones, concerning data updates and their propagation among the various data sources. Unfortunately, as far as we know, no formal proposals for logically modeling mediator architectures both from a static and dynamic point of view have already been developed. In this paper, we extend the framework for amalgamated knowledge bases, presented by Subrahmanian, to deal with dynamic aspects. The language we propose is based on the Active U-Datalog language, and extends it with annotated logic and amalgamation concepts. We model the sources of information and the mediator (also called supervisor) as Active U-Datalog deductive databases, thus modeling queries, transactions, and active rules, interpreted according to the PARK semantics. By using active rules, the system can efficiently perform update propagation among different databases. The result is a logical environment, integrating active and deductive rules, to perform queries and update propagation in an heterogeneous mediated framework.Comment: Other Keywords: Deductive databases; Heterogeneous databases; Active rules; Update

Computer-based library or computer-based learning?

Traditionally, libraries have played the role of repository of published information resources and, more recently, gateway to online subscription databases. The library online catalog and digital library interface serve an intermediary function to help users locate information resources available through the library. With competition from Web search engines and Web portals of various kinds available for free, the library has to step up to play a more active role as guide and coach to help users make use of information resources for learning or to accomplish particular tasks. It is no longer sufficient for computer-based library systems to provide just search and access functions. They must provide the functionality and environment to support learning and become computer-based learning systems. This paper examines the kind of learning support that can be incorporated in library online catalogs and digital libraries, including 1) enhanced support for information browsing and synthesis through linking by shared meta-data, references and concepts; 2) visualization of related information; 3) adoption of Library 2.0 and social technologies; 4) adoption of Library 3.0 technologies including intelligent processing and text mining

A Logical Approach to Cooperative Information Systems

``Cooperative information system management'' refers to the capacity of several computing systems to communicate and cooperate in order to acquire, store, manage, query data and knowledge. Current solutions to the problem of cooperative information management are still far from being satisfactory. In particular, they lack the ability to fully model cooperation among heterogeneous systems according to a declarative style. The use of a logical approach to model all aspects of cooperation seems very promising. In this paper, we de®ne a logical language able to support cooperative queries, updates and update propagation. We model the sources of information as deductive databases, sharing the same logical language to ex- press queries and updates, but containing independent, even if possibly related, data. We use the Obj-U-Datalog (E. Bertino, G. Guerrini, D. Montesi, Toward deductive object data- bases, Theory and Practice of Object Systems 1 (1) (1995) 19±39) language to model queries and transactions in each source of data. Such language is then extended to deal with active rules in the style of Active-U-Datalog (E. Bertino, B. Catania, V. Gervasi, A. Ra aet a, Ac- tive-U-Datalog: Integrating active rules in a logical update language, in: B. Freitag, H. Decker, M. Kifer, A. Voronkov (Eds.), LBCS 1472: Transactions and Change in Login Databases, 1998, pp. 106±132), interpreted according to the PARK semantics proposed in G. Gottlob, G. Moerkotte, V.S. Subrahmanian (The PARK semantics for active rules, in: P.M.G. Apers, M. Bouzeghoub, G. Gardarin (Eds.), LNCS 1057: Proceedings of the Fifth International Con- ference on Extending Database Technology, 1996, pp. 35±55). By using active rules, a system can e ciently perform update propagation among di erent databases. The result is a logical environment, integrating active and deductive rules, to perform update propagation in a cooperative framework

Implementation of active collections framework using .NET

For many years, large distributed enterprises have faced a common problem of near real time sharing of enterprise data typically stored in databases. As these databases may be located globally, distributed nature of this data makes it difficult to access instantaneously. The Active Collections Framework (ACF) acts as a good foundation on which to build distributed applications. This framework requires distributed applications to view changes to data as events of interest. The ACF framework integrates access to data and data changes through active collections. ACF framework is based on two different research areas: event management in distributed computing and active database systems. Active databases support mechanisms to monitor changes to the database state. The central concept in ACF event management is active collections. Each active collection is a collection of all objects specified by a query on the enterprise data. For each client interested in obtaining data, an entry is made in the active collection. This information is then used by windows service to notify the registered client of any data changes. This project implements the Active Collections Framework using Microsoft .Net and Visual Studio .Net. Two sample applications using the developed framework have been developed to demonstrate the efficiency of data storage and event notification capabilities of the developed ACF framework

Perancangan Active Database System pada Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Harga Pasar

Information system is a system related to the existence of programming and database. A good information system is dynamic. Dynamic information systems can not be separated with the existence of databases as data storage. In general, the database is used passively so that its function is only for data storage, but the database also can be as a control system information. Some opensource databases already support for system control or that can be called active database system such as MySQL, MariaDB and PosgreSQL. Active database system provides database function to get reactive behavior and control system information at database level. Business processes that are typically performed by programming languages ​​as a rule incorporated in the application can be entered directly into the database. This research is done for the design of an active database system against market price services. This active database system approach is designed to get an applicative and responsive service system to collaborate with the control system on the modem.Information system is a system related to the existence of programming and database. A good information system is dynamic. Dynamic information systems can not be separated with the existence of databases as data storage. In general, the database is used passively so that its function is only for data storage, but the database also can be as a control system information. Some opensource databases already support for system control or that can be called active database system such as MySQL, MariaDB and PosgreSQL. Active database system provides database function to get reactive behavior and control system information at database level. Business processes that are typically performed by programming languages ​​as a rule incorporated in the application can be entered directly into the database. This research is done for the design of an active database system against market price services. This active database system approach is designed to get an applicative and responsive service system to collaborate with the control system on the modem

Perancangan Active Database System pada Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Harga Pasar

Information system is a system related to the existence of programming and database. A good information system is dynamic. Dynamic information systems can not be separated with the existence of databases as data storage. In general, the database is used passively so that its function is only for data storage, but the database also can be as a control system information. Some opensource databases already support for system control or that can be called active database system such as MySQL, MariaDB and PosgreSQL. Active database system provides database function to get reactive behavior and control system information at database level. Business processes that are typically performed by programming languages ​​as a rule incorporated in the application can be entered directly into the database. This research is done for the design of an active database system against market price services. This active database system approach is designed to get an applicative and responsive service system to collaborate with the control system on the modem

A Gis-Based Campus Information System: Izmir Institute of Technology

In the 21st century, GIS based Campus Information Systems (CIS) have been used by many universities for different aims and become an effective tool. CIS is a wholeness and integrity that is formed by hardware, software, data and users in order to collect spatial and non-spatial data about the university and its sub-units (both academic and administrative), transfer them to computer, store, query, analyze and present the result reports as graphics or non-graphics. In general, the goal of this study is to prepare a GIS-based Izmir Institute of Technology (IIT) CIS. Moreover, after preparing maps of campus area in desired formats, the objectives of the project are to store the maps to plan or update, to provide rapid and easy access to personal and sharable information about campus, to prepare the databases about each department, and to use them for administrative purposes. Therefore, it would have been achieved two main objectives in terms of planning and interactive access for students and staff. At first, by this system, it has been achieved more scientific spatial analyses about land use decisions depending on the natural capacities of the campus site. Then, some negative sides and impacts have been determined relating to the physical developments proposed by the existing campus plan. Thus, it has been achieved crucial results about these defects supporting our initial observations about campus. Secondly, to achieve all information about campus referring spatial or non-spatial by students, academic & administrative staff, and inter-active information access would be created. In order to create CIS for IIT, the spatial and non-spatial data about campus including maps, attribute data were collected; maps, databases, spatial analyses and queries were produced via ArcGIS. At the end of the study, site location of IIT, 1/50000 environmental plan, 1/5000 IIT Master Plan, existing map of campus area, proposed implementation plan of campus area, thematic maps & spatial analyses about topography, geology, soil capability and vegetation and other natural features and suitability analysis for campus site were produced as result productions.

Migrating relational databases into object-based and XML databases

Rapid changes in information technology, the emergence of object-based and WWW applications, and the interest of organisations in securing benefits from new technologies have made information systems re-engineering in general and database migration in particular an active research area. In order to improve the functionality and performance of existing systems, the re-engineering process requires identifying and understanding all of the components of such systems. An underlying database is one of the most important component of information systems. A considerable body of data is stored in relational databases (RDBs), yet they have limitations to support complex structures and user-defined data types provided by relatively recent databases such as object-based and XML databases. Instead of throwing away the large amount of data stored in RDBs, it is more appropriate to enrich and convert such data to be used by new systems. Most researchers into the migration of RDBs into object-based/XML databases have concentrated on schema translation, accessing and publishing RDB data using newer technology, while few have paid attention to the conversion of data, and the preservation of data semantics, e.g., inheritance and integrity constraints. In addition, existing work does not appear to provide a solution for more than one target database. Thus, research on the migration of RDBs is not fully developed. We propose a solution that offers automatic migration of an RDB as a source into the recent database technologies as targets based on available standards such as ODMG 3.0, SQL4 and XML Schema. A canonical data model (CDM) is proposed to bridge the semantic gap between an RDB and the target databases. The CDM preserves and enhances the metadata of existing RDBs to fit in with the essential characteristics of the target databases. The adoption of standards is essential for increased portability, flexibility and constraints preservation. This thesis contributes a solution for migrating RDBs into object-based and XML databases. The solution takes an existing RDB as input, enriches its metadata representation with the required explicit semantics, and constructs an enhanced relational schema representation (RSR). Based on the RSR, a CDM is generated which is enriched with the RDB's constraints and data semantics that may not have been explicitly expressed in the RDB metadata. The CDM so obtained facilitates both schema translation and data conversion. We design sets of rules for translating the CDM into each of the three target schemas, and provide algorithms for converting RDB data into the target formats based on the CDM. A prototype of the solution has been implemented, which generates the three target databases. Experimental study has been conducted to evaluate the prototype. The experimental results show that the target schemas resulting from the prototype and those generated by existing manual mapping techniques were comparable. We have also shown that the source and target databases were equivalent, and demonstrated that the solution, conceptually and practically, is feasible, efficient and correct

Information system analysis: design consideration of active database / Sharina Mohd Nasir

In the rapidly changing environment of the knowledge economy, an enterprise must respond to potential fiiture changes when developing and implementing enterprise systems, which must be thus flexible and integrateable. The concepts of virtual enterprise, supply chain and B2B e-business have been widely employed in business development. Since the essence of these concepts is "enterprise integration", the importance of information sharing among enterprises is increasing. This research is meant to look at the core of this integration and sharing environment; the active databases system design by which active database is a database technology for supporting application in heterogeneous information system. This research presents the result of an empirical study of design consideration of data model for the active databases in the enterprise environment. The objectives of this study are to identify the roles and functionalities of active databases, the most common data model being used for active databases and the recommendation of the optimized data model for active databases. The researcher has conducted interview sessions with 7 selected companies from various business areas to get the primary data by using a set of questionnaires as the research instrument. The results indicate that the most common type of data model being used by the involved companies is relational data model and followed closely by object-oriented data model. The results also reveal that the roles and functionalities of active databases being implemented includes to supply data at real-time, to detect event, to execute rules, and for provisioning. The recommended optimized data model for active databases is object oriented data model by which it generates more advantages differed to the relational data model. This research also provides several recommendations at the final section of the report that should be considered upon this research