7 research outputs found

    Assessment of OGC Web Processing Services for REST principles

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    Recent distributed computing trends advocate the use of REpresentational State Transfer (REST) to alleviate the inherent complexity of the web services standards in building service-oriented web applications. In this paper we focus on the particular case of geospatial services interfaced by the OGC web processing service (WPS) specification in order to assess whether WPS-based geospatial services can be viewed from the architectural principles exposed in REST. Our concluding remarks suggest that the adoption of REST principles, to specially harness the built-in mechanisms of the HTTP application protocol, may be beneficial in scenarios where ad hoc composition of geoprocessing services are required, common for most non-expert users of geospatial information infrastructures

    A conceptual framework and a risk management approach for interoperability between geospatial datacubes

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    De nos jours, nous observons un intĂ©rĂȘt grandissant pour les bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles. Ces bases de donnĂ©es sont dĂ©veloppĂ©es pour faciliter la prise de dĂ©cisions stratĂ©giques des organisations, et plus spĂ©cifiquement lorsqu’il s’agit de donnĂ©es de diffĂ©rentes Ă©poques et de diffĂ©rents niveaux de granularitĂ©. Cependant, les utilisateurs peuvent avoir besoin d’utiliser plusieurs bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles. Ces bases de donnĂ©es peuvent ĂȘtre sĂ©mantiquement hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšnes et caractĂ©risĂ©es par diffĂ©rent degrĂ©s de pertinence par rapport au contexte d’utilisation. RĂ©soudre les problĂšmes sĂ©mantiques liĂ©s Ă  l’hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© et Ă  la diffĂ©rence de pertinence d’une maniĂšre transparente aux utilisateurs a Ă©tĂ© l’objectif principal de l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ© au cours des quinze derniĂšres annĂ©es. Dans ce contexte, diffĂ©rentes solutions ont Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©es pour traiter l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ©. Cependant, ces solutions ont adoptĂ© une approche non systĂ©matique. De plus, aucune solution pour rĂ©soudre des problĂšmes sĂ©mantiques spĂ©cifiques liĂ©s Ă  l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ© entre les bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles n’a Ă©tĂ© trouvĂ©e. Dans cette thĂšse, nous supposons qu’il est possible de dĂ©finir une approche qui traite ces problĂšmes sĂ©mantiques pour assurer l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ© entre les bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles. Ainsi, nous dĂ©finissons tout d’abord l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ© entre ces bases de donnĂ©es. Ensuite, nous dĂ©finissons et classifions les problĂšmes d’hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© sĂ©mantique qui peuvent se produire au cours d’une telle interopĂ©rabilitĂ© de diffĂ©rentes bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles. Afin de rĂ©soudre ces problĂšmes d’hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© sĂ©mantique, nous proposons un cadre conceptuel qui se base sur la communication humaine. Dans ce cadre, une communication s’établit entre deux agents systĂšme reprĂ©sentant les bases de donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales multidimensionnelles impliquĂ©es dans un processus d’interopĂ©rabilitĂ©. Cette communication vise Ă  Ă©changer de l’information sur le contenu de ces bases. Ensuite, dans l’intention d’aider les agents Ă  prendre des dĂ©cisions appropriĂ©es au cours du processus d’interopĂ©rabilitĂ©, nous Ă©valuons un ensemble d’indicateurs de la qualitĂ© externe (fitness-for-use) des schĂ©mas et du contexte de production (ex., les mĂ©tadonnĂ©es). Finalement, nous mettons en Ɠuvre l’approche afin de montrer sa faisabilitĂ©.Today, we observe wide use of geospatial databases that are implemented in many forms (e.g., transactional centralized systems, distributed databases, multidimensional datacubes). Among those possibilities, the multidimensional datacube is more appropriate to support interactive analysis and to guide the organization’s strategic decisions, especially when different epochs and levels of information granularity are involved. However, one may need to use several geospatial multidimensional datacubes which may be semantically heterogeneous and having different degrees of appropriateness to the context of use. Overcoming the semantic problems related to the semantic heterogeneity and to the difference in the appropriateness to the context of use in a manner that is transparent to users has been the principal aim of interoperability for the last fifteen years. However, in spite of successful initiatives, today's solutions have evolved in a non systematic way. Moreover, no solution has been found to address specific semantic problems related to interoperability between geospatial datacubes. In this thesis, we suppose that it is possible to define an approach that addresses these semantic problems to support interoperability between geospatial datacubes. For that, we first describe interoperability between geospatial datacubes. Then, we define and categorize the semantic heterogeneity problems that may occur during the interoperability process of different geospatial datacubes. In order to resolve semantic heterogeneity between geospatial datacubes, we propose a conceptual framework that is essentially based on human communication. In this framework, software agents representing geospatial datacubes involved in the interoperability process communicate together. Such communication aims at exchanging information about the content of geospatial datacubes. Then, in order to help agents to make appropriate decisions during the interoperability process, we evaluate a set of indicators of the external quality (fitness-for-use) of geospatial datacube schemas and of production context (e.g., metadata). Finally, we implement the proposed approach to show its feasibility

    Bruk av multikriterieanalyser til beregning av snÞstabilitet for snÞskredvarsling : Utvikling og implementering av snÞstabilitetsmodell for fjellomrÄder i Vest-Norge

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    SnÞskred er en av de stÞrste naturfarene i Norge, og varsling av snÞskredfare er viktig for Ä unngÄ skader pÄ mennesker, bygninger og infrastruktur. Denne studiens formÄl var Ä vise hvordan romlige analyser ved hjelp av multikriterieanalyser kan brukes i varsling av snÞskredfare. Multikriterieanalysene ble implementert som en egen applikasjon, hvor de romlige analysene ble utfÞrt ved hjelp av GIS-komponenter. Meteorologiske data fra Internett ble kombinert med terrengparametre for Ä beregne snÞens stabilitet ved hjelp av forenklede modeller. Analysene ble kjÞrt for en studieperiode, og sammenliknet med meteorologiske data og daglige snÞskredvarsler. Studien konkluderte med at multikriterieanalyser ga muligheter til Ä produsere realistiske prognoser for snÞens stabilitet. Resultatene tydet pÄ at prognosene har potensiale til Ä inngÄ i et varslingssystem for snÞskred, og gi ny informasjon til bruk i vurdering av snÞens stabilitet. Multikriterieanalysene produserte data og kart av snÞstabiliteten med hÞyere romlig opplÞsning enn dagens snÞskredvarsling, og tillot identifisering av skredbaner med lav stabilitet. Implementasjonen viste ogsÄ at det er mulig Ä utnytte meteorologiske data fra Internett i multikriterieanalysene. En framgangsmÄte for Ä hÄndtere og bearbeide disse dataene ble beskrevet, med fokus pÄ spesielle utfordringer knyttet til utveksling av data. Økt interoperabilitet gjennom utvikling av standarder og teknologi vil trolig kunne lÞse noen av utfordringene, og derav fÞre til stÞrre nytte av multikriterieanalyser i framtida. Visse svakheter i datagrunnlaget og modellen ble identifisert, og studien foreslo alternative datakilder og metoder for Ä overkomme disse. Studiens erfaringer vil kunne vÊre relevante for vurderinger i forbindelse med varsling av andre naturfarer, og videre studier bÞr utfÞres for Ä utforske mulighetene multikriterieanalyser gir, bÄde innen snÞskredvarsling og varsling av andre naturfarer

    Abstraction and decomposition in interoperable GIS

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