MODERN AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF EUROPE

 Flying is the result of both technology and human skills. Air traffic management (ATM) is about the process, procedures and resources which come into play to make sure that aircraft are safely guided in the sky and on the ground. AT

Energy-efficient wireless communication

In this chapter we present an energy-efficient highly adaptive network interface architecture and a novel data link layer protocol for wireless networks that provides Quality of Service (QoS) support for diverse traffic types. Due to the dynamic nature of wireless networks, adaptations in bandwidth scheduling and error control are necessary to achieve energy efficiency and an acceptable quality of service. In our approach we apply adaptability through all layers of the protocol stack, and provide feedback to the applications. In this way the applications can adapt the data streams, and the network protocols can adapt the communication parameters

Dual Purpose Simulation: New Data Link Test and Performance Limit Testing of Currently Deployed Data Link

No abstract availabl

Dynamic Channel Allocation for Wireless ATM

This thesis examines distributed Dynamic Channel Allocation (DCA) for the wireless environment through simulation. A wireless ATM network simulator was developed in C language. Performance is judged in terms of Normalized User Payload Throughput (NUPT), Percentage of Frequency Change (PFC), Ratio of Frequency Reuse (RFR), Frame Size (Fs) and Frame Delay (Fd) against traffic load. Some Distributed DCA channel selection strategies are examined, namely Two Frame Transmission (TFT) strategy, Access In Rotation (AIR) strategy and Intensive Access (IA) strategy. The performance of these strategies has been compared with Magic Wand Resource Reservation strategy first. In the Two Frame Transmission (TFT) strategy, Access Point (AP) requests for a channel assignment every two frames, therefore the communication complexity is reduced. The Percentage of Frequency Change (PFC) is reduced by about 50%, but the Normalized User Payload Throughput (NUPT) of TFT strategy is lower than Magic Wand Resource Reservation Strategy first. In the Access In Rotation (AIR) strategy, Mobile Terminals (MT) are divided into two groups, which access in rotation. In AIR strategy, the Normalized User Throughput (N UPT), and reduce Ratio of Frequency Reuse (RFR) are improved. In the Intensive Access (IA) strategy, MTs access with a relative smaller interarrival. The simulation results show that the Normalized User Payload Throughput (NUPT) is improved when IA strategy is applied. A criteria of performance evaluation has been developed to evaluate the performance of wireless ATM network, they are namely Stability factor of physical layer (SPRY), Stability factor of traffic load (St), Ratio of Frequency Reuse (RFR)

New insights into the synergism of nucleoside analogs with radiotherapy

Nucleoside analogs have been frequently used in combination with radiotherapy in the clinical setting, as it has long been understood that inhibition of DNA repair pathways is an important means by which many nucleoside analogs synergize. Recent advances in our understanding of the structure and function of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), a critical enzyme required for the anti-tumor activity for many nucleoside analogs, have clarified the mechanistic role this kinase plays in chemo- and radio-sensitization. A heretofore unrecognized role of dCK in the DNA damage response and cell cycle machinery has helped explain the synergistic effect of these agents with radiotherapy. Since most currently employed nucleoside analogs are primarily activated by dCK, these findings lend fresh impetus to efforts focused on profiling and modulating dCK expression and activity in tumors. In this review we will briefly review the pharmacology and biochemistry of the major nucleoside analogs in clinical use that are activated by dCK. This will be followed by discussions of recent advances in our understanding of dCK activation via post-translational modifications in response to radiation and current strategies aimed at enhancing this activity in cancer cells

The internet: A global telecommunications solution?

The provision and support of new distributed multimedia services are of prime concern for telecommunications operators and suppliers. Clearly, the potential of the latest Internet protocols to contribute communications components is of considerable interest to them. In this article we first review some of the new types of application and their requirements, and identify the need to support applications that have strict QoS requirements, the so-called critical applications. We review two proposals for enhancing the Internet service architecture. In addition to the integrated services work of the IETF, we look at the more recent proposals for differentiated services in the Internet. We then individually review recent protocol developments proposed to improve the Internet, and to support real-time and multimedia communications. These are IPv6 (the new version of the Internet Protocol), Resource reSerVation Protocol, and Multiprotocol Label Switching, respectively. In each case, we attempt to provide critical reviews in order to assess their suitability for this purpose. Finally, we indicate what the basis of the future infrastructure might be in order to support the full variety of application requirements

Engage D2.5 Annual combined thematic workshops progress report (priming wave 1)

The preparation, organisation and the conclusions from the three thematic challenge workshops held in 2018 are described. The preparation and expert consultation results are reported for the “Vulnerabilities and global security of the CNS/ATM system” challenge workshop, which is scheduled to take place in March 2019

Statistical multiplexing and connection admission control in ATM networks

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is widely employed for the transport of network traffic, and has the potential to be the base technology for the next generation of global communications. Connection Admission Control (CAC) is the effective traffic control mechanism which is necessary in ATM networks in order to avoid possible congestion at each network node and to achieve the Quality-of-Service (QoS) requested by each connection. CAC determines whether or not the network should accept a new connection. A new connection will only be accepted if the network has sufficient resources to meet its QoS requirements without affecting the QoS commitments already made by the network for existing connections. The design of a high-performance CAC is based on an in-depth understanding of the statistical characteristics of the traffic sources

A flexible medium access control framework for multimedia application support in wireless ATM

Includes bibliographical references.The field of wireless communications has seen phenomenal development over the last decade. With the current abundance of applications that use broadband multimedia over wired networks it is logical that users will want to have access to these same multimedia streams [rom a mobile terminal. Wireless solutions for connectivity to networks such as Ethernet networks already exist, however, a method of supporting access to an ATM network from a mobile terminal has not yet been standardised. Transporting ATM data over the wireless medium poses a number of problems. The Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of any proposed wireless ATM network would be responsible for resolving many of these problems. Unfortunately, research into MAC layers is hampered by the fact that most existing MAC layers cannot be modified in order to experiment with the effectiveness of the many MAC protocol techniques that exist