Development of nanocrystalline Fe80Cr20 alloy using combination technique of ball milling and ultrasonic treatment for fuel cell interconnector

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system consists of anode, cathode, electrolyte and interconnect. This research is focused on interconnect material. The objective of this study is to explore the high energy ball milling (milled) combined with ultrasonic treatment (UT) in obtaining smaller crystallite size, finer surface morphology, higher thermal stability and more homogenous nanocrystalline Fe80Cr20 alloys. This condition was motivated by the previous research that some of the grain growth was observed in a high temperature. At first, this process was carried out by high energy ball milling with milling time of 60 h and later, the samples experienced the ultrasonic treatment with frequency of 35 kHz at various periods of 3 h, 3.5 h, 4 h, 4.5 h, and 5 h. Moreover, it was found that there are no works on these combination treatments (milled and UT). Characterization and analysis were carried out to all samples by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray Diffraction (EDS), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results showed that the combination treatment samples increases effectively to the solid solubility of Cr to Fe up to 62.1% and decreased the crystallite size up to 2.71 nm at milled and UT 4.5 h sample, these resulted and produces finer surface structure. From EDS results, the combination treatment samples are at suitable composition of 20.05 wt% Cr and 79.95 wt% Fe as compared to other samples. Higher thermal stability was observed on combination treatment sample at 1100 0C up to 12.7 mg or convenient to 63 wt%, 62 wt% and 25 wt% as compared to raw material, UT samples and milled 60 h sample, respectively. The particle size decreased up to 5.23 µm and particle size distribution of combination treatment relatively increased up to 89.57%. It can be concluded that the combination treatment at milled and UT 4.5 h is appropriate to achieve high solid solubility, nano crystallite size, fine surface morphology, high thermal stability and homogenous Fe80Cr20 alloys

The rationale of development practices for expert systems : an empirical investigation

Practices of expert system development are not widely investigated. In this paper I describe results of case studies on the inhouse deployment of small expert systems in two companies, along with a review of empirical research. The investigation focuses on the underlying rationale of the observed practices during the stages of design, field transfer and use. The examples show the importance of integrative approaches to technical and organizational aspects of development projects. The remaining potential for organizational turbulences is explained with inherent tensions of the rationale

The BG News October 21, 2010

The BGSU campus student newspaper October 21, 2010. Volume 101 - Issue 42https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/bg-news/9306/thumbnail.jp

Evaluating Hallucinations in Chinese Large Language Models

In this paper, we establish a benchmark named HalluQA (Chinese Hallucination Question-Answering) to measure the hallucination phenomenon in Chinese large language models. HalluQA contains 450 meticulously designed adversarial questions, spanning multiple domains, and takes into account Chinese historical culture, customs, and social phenomena. During the construction of HalluQA, we consider two types of hallucinations: imitative falsehoods and factual errors, and we construct adversarial samples based on GLM-130B and ChatGPT. For evaluation, we design an automated evaluation method using GPT-4 to judge whether a model output is hallucinated. We conduct extensive experiments on 24 large language models, including ERNIE-Bot, Baichuan2, ChatGLM, Qwen, SparkDesk and etc. Out of the 24 models, 18 achieved non-hallucination rates lower than 50%. This indicates that HalluQA is highly challenging. We analyze the primary types of hallucinations in different types of models and their causes. Additionally, we discuss which types of hallucinations should be prioritized for different types of models.Comment: Work in progres

Clio's crimes: historians, truth and the memory of the past

Paper presented at the Wits History Workshop: The TRC; Commissioning the Past, 11-14 June, 199

Rapid evidence assessment on online misinformation and media literacy: final report for Ofcom

This report summarises the results of the Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) on Online Misinformation and Media Literacy (REA), conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 and commissioned by Ofcom. The review is focused on studies that measure the effectiveness of interventions designed to tackle misinformation, both within the media literacy curriculum and in relation to technological interventions that draw on literacy principles (such as critical thinking, information evaluation and active engagement), even if they are not conducted in an educational setting. The results showed that robust evaluation of media literacy curriculum interventions is not very common. More evaluation has been done on the effectiveness of non-curricular interventions. Nonetheless, findings from both types of research provide important insights into how evidence-based, targeted approaches to dealing with misinformation by improving media literacy might be further developed, building on existing policy and industry initiatives and fostering audience empowerment and agency

How To Build Enterprise Data Models To Achieve Compliance To Standards Or Regulatory Requirements (and share data).

Sharing data between organizations is challenging because it is difficult to ensure that those consuming the data accurately interpret it. The promise of the next generation WWW, the semantic Web, is that semantics about shared data will be represented in ontologies and available for automatic and accurate machine processing of data. Thus, there is inter-organizational business value in developing applications that have ontology-based enterprise models at their core. In an ontology-based enterprise model, business rules and definitions are represented as formal axioms, which are applied to enterprise facts to automatically infer facts not explicitly represented. If the proposition to be inferred is a requirement from, say, ISO 9000 or Sarbanes-Oxley, inference constitutes a model-based proof of compliance. In this paper, we detail the development and application of the TOVE ISO 9000 Micro-Theory, a model of ISO 9000 developed using ontologies for quality management (measurement, traceability, and quality management system ontologies). In so doing, we demonstrate that when enterprise models are developed using ontologies, they can be leveraged to support business analytics problems - in particular, compliance evaluation - and are sharable