111 research outputs found

    The Quest to End Human Trafficking: An Educational and Practical Guide for Everyone Who Wants to Help Break the Bonds and Assist Survivors

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    People often assume that only legislators and law enforcement personnel can take meaningful steps to fight human trafficking, one of the most lucrative transnational crimes in the world. This inquiry sought to assess the validity of that belief. The study was informed by the author’s experience as a college instructor of human trafficking and the inspiration he drew from the range and quality of his students’ projects. The methodology included examining the strategies that governmental and non-governmental organizations are using to fight trafficking and assist survivors. It also considered the work of individual activists and service providers such as social workers and health/mental health professionals. Business allies selected for review included convenience store managers and those in the lodging, tourism, airline, and transportation industries. Community influencers such as public officials, members of the press, spiritual leaders, and college instructors were studied as well. The research demonstrated that each group is making a valuable contribution. The analysis first summarizes major concepts and laws that every antitrafficking activist needs to know. The author then organized the insights and lessons learned into five types of activities: Awareness, political advocacy, prevention, reducing demand (shopping wisely), and survivor intervention/aftercare. A separate discussion focused on ideas for student service projects, internships, and relevant career opportunities. The concluding chapters offer an easy-to-follow game plan for anyone interested in joining the cause. Altogether, the Guide has more than 1,100 hyperlinks to articles and free resources that advocates can use to pursue their personal antitrafficking interests and priorities

    An exploration of virtual criminal investigations in Ghana : legal issues and challenges

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    The widespread cybercrime has caused changes and brought about a need for new investigative skills, laws and enforcement procedures to attack these obstacles. Since technological crimes committed through the information superhighway or the internet is evolving very rapidly, efficacious enforcement of cybercrime is becoming extremely challenging. Cybercrime is both a national and international issue and local legislation alone cannot be able to combat the menace. Digital evidence permeates every aspect of the average person's life in today's society and no matter what you are doing these days, a digital footprint is probably being created and contains some type of digital evidence that can be recovered through digital forensic investigation It requires stringent laws, skilled personnel, well-established institutions, and transnational response. To efficaciously combat cybercrime, countries, states or governments must establish an independent anti-cybercrime unit and design national guidelines for digital evidence collections to combat the canker. This thesis, therefore, presents an examination of the virtual crime or cybercrime investigation challenges and legal issues on electronic evidence in Ghana. The study examines the existing cybercrime laws and practices in Ghana and makes a comparative study from other jurisdictions. Also, the study draws a survey from the international legal framework on cybercrime and electronic evidence on various methods and procedures that can be used to conduct digital forensic search and seizure of electronic evidence and investigation when cybercrimes occur. Recommendations were made which include formulation of stringent laws, establishing the national Cybercrime investigation Strategy and policies, the establishment of national guidelines for digital evidence collections, develop anti-cybercrime tool-kit for the collection of digital evidence, the establishment of digital forensic training institutions in all regions of Ghana for hands-on skilled based training for law enforcement officers and judges to ensure efficiency in the process of digital forensic investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes in Ghana are given.Police PracticeD. Phil. (Criminal Justice

    Social Networks as the New Frontier of Terrorism

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    Terrorism. Why does this word grab our attention so? Propaganda machines have adopted modern technology as a means to always have their content available. Regardless of the hour or time zone, information is being shared by somebody, somewhere. Social media is a game changer influencing the way in which terror groups are changing their tactics and also how their acts of terror are perceived by the members of the public they intend to influence. This book explores how social media adoption by terrorists interacts with privacy law, freedom of expression, data protection and surveillance legislation through an exploration of the fascinating primary resources themselves, covering everything from the Snowden Leaks, the rise of ISIS to Charlie Hebdo. The book also covers lesser worn paths such as the travel guide that proudly boasts that you can get Bounty and Twix bars mid-conflict, and the best local hair salons for jihadi brides. These vignettes, amongst the many others explored in this volume bring to life the legal, policy and ethical debates considered in this volume, representing an important part in the development of understanding terrorist narratives on social media, by framing the legislative debate. This book represents an invaluable guide for lawyers, government bodies, the defence services, academics, students and businesses

    The MENA Region and COVID-19

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    Focusing on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, which comprises some of the world’s richest countries next to some of the poorest, this book offers excellent insights into the discriminatory consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. With a geographic focus on the MENA region, the multidisciplinary case studies collected in this edited volume reveal that the coronavirus’s impact patterns are a question of two variables: governance performance and socioeconomic potency. Given the global, unprecedented, complex, and systemic nature of COVID-19 – and its long-term implications for societies, governments, international organisations, citizens and corporations – this volume entails a relevance to regions undergoing similar dynamics. Analyses in the book, therefore, have implications for the comparative study of the pandemic and its impact on societies around the globe. Understanding related dynamics and implications, and making use of lessons learned, are a pathway to deal with future similar crises. Questions covered in the volume are relevant to geopolitics, social implications and the relations between political leaders and citizens as beings embedded in various strategies of communication. The volume will appeal to scholars of international politics, political science, risk or crisis governance, economics and sociology, human rights and security, political communication and public health

    Connections 2022: A Free Guide for Formerly Incarcerated People

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    Investigating the impact of human-centric public transport design principles on the desirability and operational success of public transport in the Western Cape Province, South Africa -- a mixed-methods study

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    Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African commuters are continuously disappointed by the provision of unsafe, unreliable transport services, feeling transport authorities and modal operators remain indifferent towards their needs and complaints. Because their core travel needs are disregarded, frustrated commuters may no longer feel the need to support public transport (PT) development in South Africa, causing customer’s loyalty to PT to plummet while expressing their frustrations at transport infrastructure locations. Given these concerns, there exists a need to ethically provide for the travel needs of captive lower-income commuters in South Africa by establishing a transport culture more focused in making human needs the centre of PT design. Thus, the study begins with the hypothesis that the PT industry in the Gauteng Province of South Africa could be more operationally successful and desirable to commuters if it incorporates human-centric design (HCD) principles into its fundamental planning and development. A Pearson Correlation Coefficient of r = 0.982 was determined in this study, demonstrating that the incorporation of more HCD measures into Gauteng’s PT service provision will indeed result in increased commuter satisfaction and in turn improve the service quality and thus operational success of these services. The study provides a set of five human-centric public transport design (HCPTD) principles that are capable of enhancing customer satisfaction and providing commuters with an opportunity to participate in Gauteng PT design by regularly considering their views, feedback and concerns. In addition, these principles provide a platform for public engagement and act as a mechanism for the voices of customers to be heard and incorporated into PT design. A directly proportional relationship was proven between the perception of a Gauteng PT service, the desire to use the service and the value commuters placed on the service. Therefore, if Gauteng PT authorities aim to encourage more commuters to make use of PT services and obtain increased funds from these services, utilising the HCPTD principles is key to increasing customer satisfaction and desirability for these services. In order to improve the perceived value of a PT service, Gauteng PT services must be (in order of importance) made safer and more secure, more reliable, more cost-effective and increasingly available and accessible. Furthermore, it was found that proper enforcement and regulation of the MBT industry is necessary in the GP in order for its PT systems to become more developed and promote modal network integration. Only by resolving issues relating to the MBT industry can the demand for transport can be more freely distributed across the different kinds of transport, likely offering a change in the transport system where taxis have a different role to play. The taxi industry also needs more exposure, training and understanding of business moving forward in order to form part of the upcoming integrated PT system.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaarMaster

    Introduction to Development Engineering

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    This open access textbook introduces the emerging field of Development Engineering and its constituent theories, methods, and applications. It is both a teaching text for students and a resource for researchers and practitioners engaged in the design and scaling of technologies for low-resource communities. The scope is broad, ranging from the development of mobile applications for low-literacy users to hardware and software solutions for providing electricity and water in remote settings. It is also highly interdisciplinary, drawing on methods and theory from the social sciences as well as engineering and the natural sciences. The opening section reviews the history of “technology-for-development” research, and presents a framework that formalizes this body of work and begins its transformation into an academic discipline. It identifies common challenges in development and explains the book’s iterative approach of “innovation, implementation, evaluation, adaptation.” Each of the next six thematic sections focuses on a different sector: energy and environment; market performance; education and labor; water, sanitation and health; digital governance; and connectivity. These thematic sections contain case studies from landmark research that directly integrates engineering innovation with technically rigorous methods from the social sciences. Each case study describes the design, evaluation, and/or scaling of a technology in the field and follows a single form, with common elements and discussion questions, to create continuity and pedagogical consistency. Together, they highlight successful solutions to development challenges, while also analyzing the rarely discussed failures. The book concludes by reiterating the core principles of development engineering illustrated in the case studies, highlighting common challenges that engineers and scientists will face in designing technology interventions that sustainably accelerate economic development. Development Engineering provides, for the first time, a coherent intellectual framework for attacking the challenges of poverty and global climate change through the design of better technologies. It offers the rigorous discipline needed to channel the energy of a new generation of scientists and engineers toward advancing social justice and improved living conditions in low-resource communities around the world

    Data justice and the right to the city

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