Exploring scenarios to facilitate the access to 3D printing technology through sustainable product-service systems in the Egyptian maker market

The research aims to investigate two models: Sustainable Product Service System (S.PSS) applied to Distributed Manufacturing (DM). S.PSS aims to combine environmental with social and economic sustainability to achieve social equity in low and middle-income contexts through a system design of products and services satisfying the market demand. DM allows the organization of connected small scale and flexible production units to share various forms of resources (tangible or intangible), while using emerging technologies. The combined models aim to address the environmental, social and economic issues in low and middle-income contexts by offering new opportunities for young makers who wish to be entrepreneurs to develop sustainable local startups. The research started by covering past work about approaches, opportunities and barriers of the two models through literature review. Then, a collection of international cases of small-scale production were studied further and other case studies in the Egyptian context were formulated. The Egyptian case studies were based on qualitative methods (mainly in-depth interviews, observational research and reflective field notes) and investigated the operational tactics of PSS to fill research gap. Participatory workshops were held to discuss the possible scenarios for applying the coupled models in business, especially in the field of Additive Manufacturing. Later, experts were interviewed to discuss whether the scenarios are applicable in a low and middle-income market like Egypt. The outcome is a sustainable design-oriented scenario (from proposed near-future scenarios) that reflects the advantages of S.PSS applied to DM for the Sustainable Development in low and middle-income contexts; in addition to a set of guidelines for applying these scenarios to support makers\u27 market. The scenarios and guidelines are to fill the research gaps found in previous studies discussing the mentioned models and to pave the way for future studies with same focus

Value creation in production: Reconsideration from interdisciplinary approaches

This paper presents reconsideration of value creation in production from various aspects of value viewpoints in several disciplines such as production engineering, social sciences, and human sciences. The focal point of investigations is value co-creation by the provision of products and services in and for society. In the past, some methods of social sciences and others proved to be useful in making production more efficient. At present, such methods must help to realise value creation. In fact, production must become more effective in response to human needs in social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Along with the theoretical apparatus, this paper presents some case studies indicating the importance of value creation in production, followed by future perspectives of value co-creation in production

Three Fundamental Trade-offs in Expanding Sustainable Distributions of Manufacturing

The background of the research is the trend towards more inclusive manufacturing. This includes all levels of technologies to enable more diverse geographic and demographic distributions of manufacturing, which can improve ecological and social sustainability. Expanding distributions of manufacturing is of interest to governments, companies, communities and individuals. Interest among government and companies relates to manufacturing being re-shored and redistributed. Interest among communities and individuals is in people having more involvement in the production of what they consume: i.e. prosumption. Expansion of geographic distributions has potential to increase ecological sustainability, for example, by reducing long-distance transportation. Expansion of demographic distributions has potential to increase social sustainability, for example, by increasing the diversity of people involved in manufacturing. The dissertation addresses three research gaps concerned with sustainable distributed manufacturing. In particular, the fundamental challenges of three manufacturing trade-offs are addressed as follows: product originality, product complexity, and product unsustainability versus sustainable distributed manufacturing. There are three main findings from the research. First, technological advances enable expansion of sustainable distributed manufacturing of original products, if the products are small simple original products rather than large complicated original products. Second, technological advances enable sustainable distributed manufacturing of products that are more complex than could otherwise be made far from manufacturing infrastructures, but which nonetheless are not the most complex products. Third, technological advances enable more sustainable distributed production of products with unsustainable features, if technological advances are applied also to some existing distributions of manufacturing. Consideration of these three main findings and three further findings, suggests two complementary strategies for expanding sustainable manufacturing distributions: trade-off reduction and trade-off avoidance. Overall, the research is novel through its inclusion of diverse technologies and distributions of manufacturing in order to determine their relative potential to improve the production of physical goods at more diverse locations by more diverse people

New forms of collaborative innovation and production on the internet : an interdisciplinary perspective

Contents Introduction 1 New forms of collaborative innovation and production on the Internet : Volker Wittke and Heidemarie Hanekop Interdisciplinary perspectives on collaborative innovation and production: Conceptual debates 2 Customer Co-Creation: Open Innovation with Customers : Frank Piller, Christoph Ihl and Alexander Vossen 3 Governing Social Production : Niva Elkin-Koren 4 Trust Management in Online Communities : Audun Jøsang 5 Building a reputation system for Wikipedia : Christian Damsgaard Jensen 6 Cooperation in Wikipedia from a Network Perspective : Christian Stegbauer Firm driven collaborative innovation and production: Case studies 7 Managing a New Consumer Culture: “Working Consumers” in Web 2.0 as a Source of Corporate Feedback : Sabine Hornung, Frank Kleemann and G. Günter Voß 8 Prosuming, or when customers turn collaborators: coordination and motivation of customer contribution : Birgit Blättel-Mink, Raphael Menez, Dirk Dalichau, Daniel Kahnert 9 Role Confusion in Open Innovation Intermediary Arenas : Tobias Fredberg, Maria Elmquist, Susanne Ollila, Anna Yström List of Contributor

New forms of collaborative innovation and production on the internet

The Internet has enabled new forms of large-scale collaboration. Voluntary contributions by large numbers of users and co-producers lead to new forms of production and innovation, as seen in Wikipedia, open source software development, in social networks or on user-generated content platforms as well as in many firm-driven Web 2.0 services. Large-scale collaboration on the Internet is an intriguing phenomenon for scholarly debate because it challenges well established insights into the governance of economic action, the sources of innovation, the possibilities of collective action and the social, legal and technical preconditions for successful collaboration. Although contributions to the debate from various disciplines and fine-grained empirical studies already exist, there still is a lack of an interdisciplinary approach

Development of a co-creation model that streamlines the fashion process from the consumer to the manufacture

Nowadays, co-creation, a relatively new concept in the fashion field, is managing to approach consumers directly and thus get a detailed understanding of their needs and desires. Some brands already use this concept as the basis of their business, which is an added value for the product and consequently for its suitability. However, the adoption of this concept has been addressed in the literature in an isolated way concerning consumers or brands, and its impact on the supply chain is still unknown, so its applicability also needs research. There is also no clear idea of the role of the fashion designer in co-creation fashion brands, and its role has also not been taken into account in the literature. In a real business context, the management of the processes of the different brands is done autonomously. There is no pre-defined model for the structuration or application that can serve as a basis for brands that want to adopt this concept. Thus, this research focused on creating a co-creation model that can simplify the process from consumer to production, focusing on fashion design, the product and the fashion designer, and the supply chain, with the aim of creating a co-creation model, so that brands that want to adopt the co-creation concept can apply it in real life. An initial literature review revealed problems in the co-creation process that need a solution and helped to identify the research problems. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature review was carried out on co-creation, other concepts complementary to cocreation, fashion design and the fashion business, consumers and the supply chain. Secondly, a cases study focused on fashion brands already working with co-creation was done to better understand how it works. Finally, a survey to consumers and interviews with fashion designers and supply chain experts were conducted to understand each party's point of view. These contributed to the revelation of important information, subsequently implemented in the new co-creation model that allowed the simplification of the process and its simultaneous suitability to consumers, brands and supply chain. The results obtained allowed answering the research questions, the proposed objectives and structuring a new co-creation model.Atualmente, a co-criação, um conceito relativamente novo no campo da moda, está a conseguir abordar os consumidores diretamente, conseguindo desta forma perceber com detalhe as suas necessidades e desejos. Algumas marcas já utilizam este conceito como base do seu negócio, o que é um valor acrescentado para o produto e para a sua consequente adequação. No entanto, a adoção deste conceito tem sido abordada na literatura de forma isolada relativamente aos consumidores ou marcas, e o seu impacto na cadeia de abastecimento é ainda desconhecido, pelo que a sua aplicabilidade também necessita de investigação. Também não há uma ideia clara do papel do designer de moda em marcas de moda de co-criação, e o seu papel também não foi explorado na literatura. Num contexto empresarial real, a gestão dos processos das diferentes marcas é feita de forma autónoma. Não existe um modelo pré-definido para a estruturação ou aplicação que possa servir de base para as marcas que queiram adotar este conceito. Assim, esta investigação centrou-se na criação de um modelo de co-criação que pudesse simplificar o processo desde o consumidor até à produção, concentrando-se no design de moda, no produto, no designer de moda e na cadeia de abastecimento, com o objetivo de criar um modelo de co-criação para que as marcas que queiram adotar o conceito de co-criação o possam aplicar na vida real. A revisão bibliográfica prévia revelou problemas no processo de co-criação que necessitam de uma solução que ajudaram a identificar os problemas de investigação. Posteriormente foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica completa sobre a co-criação, outros conceitos complementares à co-criação, design de moda e o negócio da moda, consumidores e a cadeia de abastecimento. Segundo, foi feito um estudo de casos centrado em marcas de moda que já trabalham com a co-criação para melhor compreender o seu funcionamento. Finalmente, foi feito um questionário aos consumidores e entrevistas a designers de moda e especialistas da cadeia de abastecimento para compreender o ponto de vista de cada parte. Estes contribuíram para a revelação de informações importantes, posteriormente implementadas no novo modelo de co-criação que permitiram a simplificação do processo e a sua adequação simultânea aos consumidores, marcas e cadeia de abastecimento. Os resultados obtidos permitiram responder às questões de investigação, aos objetivos propostos e estruturar um novo modelo de co-criação