A study on dynamic state information (DSI) around users for safe urban life

To select each node by devices and by contexts in urban computing, users have to put their plan information and their requests into a computing environment (ex. PDA, Smart Devices, Laptops, etc.) in advance and they will try to keep the optimized states between users and the computing environment. However, because of bad contexts, users may get the wrong decision, so, one of the users’ demands may be requesting the good server which has higher security. To take this issue, we define the structure of Dynamic State Information (DSI) which takes a process about security including the relevant factors in sending/receiving contexts, which select the best during user movement with server quality and security states from DSI. Finally, whenever some information changes, users and devices get the notices including security factors, then an automatic reaction can be possible; therefore all users can safely use all devices in urban computing

A study on dynamic state information (DSI) around users for safe urban life

To select each node by devices and by contexts in urban computing, users have to put their plan information and their requests into a computing environment (ex. PDA, Smart Devices, Laptops, etc.) in advance and they will try to keep the optimized states between users and the computing environment. However, because of bad contexts, users may get the wrong decision, so, one of the users’ demands may be requesting the good server which has higher security. To take this issue, we define the structure of Dynamic State Information (DSI) which takes a process about security including the relevant factors in sending/receiving contexts, which select the best during user movement with server quality and security states from DSI. Finally, whenever some information changes, users and devices get the notices including security factors, then an automatic reaction can be possible; therefore all users can safely use all devices in urban computing

MOBILITY MANAGEMENT IN EUROPEAN PROJECTS. LESSONS LEARNED FOR ROMANIA

The purpose of this research is to study three initiatives of promoting mobility management (DELTA, EPOMM, SEE-MMS), in the context of European Union policies, and to present solutions that could be used in the practice of urban mobility management in Romania.mobility management, sustainable development

Atlas of Social Innovation. 2nd Volume: A World of New Practices

The Atlas of Social Innovation series provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted manifestations and practices of social innovation from a global perspective. This second volume brings together leading experts of the field. In 43 articles, the atlas gives new insights into current trends of social innovation research and its connection to other schools of thought and research traditions. The conceptual underpinnings of the contributions draw upon the experiences of a variety of disciplines contributing to the rich, multi-layered nature of the phenomenon. By building up a knowledge repository for a growing community of practitioners, policy makers and researchers, the book opens up new avenues to unfold the potential of social innovation

Not all green innovations are created equal : Consumer innovativeness and motivations in the adoption of shared micromobility

The purpose of this thesis is to understand how consumer innovativeness and motivations relate to the decision to adopt green innovations. This thesis examines two forms of green transport innovations, shared e-bikes and e-scooters, which are part of the shared micromobility phenomenon. The penetration of shared micromobility into the market is estimated to increase in the upcoming years, and increasing interest in its use has become evident. However, there are controversies surrounding its impact on society, partly due to how the vehicles are used. This raises questions concerning who the consumers are and what motivates them to use this mode of transport. I employed two cross-sectional surveys to investigate how domain-specific innovativeness and motivations influenced the decision to adopt shared e-bikes and e-scooters. I demonstrate the relevance of the use of two domain-specific innovativeness (transport innovativeness and eco-innovativeness) and four different motivations (instrumental, environmental, hedonic, and social motivations). Specifically, transport innovativeness and eco-innovativeness were positively correlated with decisions to use shared e-bikes and e-scooters. Hedonic motivations had the strongest effects, while social motivations had the weakest, if not insignificant, impact. Environmental motivations were positively significant when other motivations were not considered, but these effects became negative when instrumental and hedonic motivations were taken into account. I also show the differences in these factors between users and non-users, as well as between shared e-bike users and shared e-scooter users. As expected, users had a higher level of transport innovativeness and eco-innovativeness. Users and non-users also differed in their perceptions of the environmental, hedonic, symbolic, and instrumental benefits of shared e-bikes and e-scooters, with users being more sensitive to these benefits. Theoretically, this thesis creates a more nuanced understanding of the diffusion of innovations by showing that products are not limited to only one domain. In addition, it outlines similarities and differences in consumer motivations between two comparable and emergent innovations that are purportedly green. This thesis shows that, although shared e-bikes and e-scooters are promoted similarly, consumer motivations for their adoption can still differ. Of note, this thesis helps to explain why some green innovations could become controversial due to their users’ motivations. Practically, this thesis could help to formulate short- and long-term strategies for shared micromobility providers and policies for transport agencies and city planners. It could also help to understand the environmental impact of shared micromobility and how it could potentially address transport-related environmental problems

Bayesian networks for assessment of disruption to school systems under combined hazards

Exposure of school buildings to floods and earthquakes poses significant risk to the vulnerable population of students and their education process. In regions of high exposure, these hazards may often act concurrently, whereby yearly flood events weaken masonry school buildings, rendering them more vulnerable to frequent earthquake shaking. This recurring damage, combined with other functional losses, ultimately result in disruption to education delivery. The socio-economic condition of the users-community also plays a role in the extent of such disruption. A complex problem of this nature demands consideration of a large number of dimensions, to estimate the impact to the school system infrastructure in a locality. To handle the qualitative and quantitative nature of these variables, a Bayesian network (BN) model is proposed representing multiple schools in a locality as a system. Three dimensions are considered to contribute to the system disruption, namely, schools’ physical functionality loss, accessibility and use loss, and social vulnerability. The impact is quantified through the probability of the system being in various states of disruption. The BN also explores mitigating measures, such as the mobility of students between schools in the system. The general methodology is illustrated by a case-study of school buildings in Guwahati, India, whereby the majority of buildings is constructed in confined masonry with varying level of seismic performance. The physical effects of combined flood and seismic action on confined masonry buildings is assessed by nonlinear numerical modelling, and their probabilistic occurrence is expressed in terms of fragility functions corresponding to varying flood depth and peak ground acceleration

Prospects for Electric Mobility: Systemic, Economic and Environmental Issues

The transport sector, which is currently almost completely based on fossil fuels, is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Heading towards a more sustainable development of mobility could be possible with more energy efficient automotive technologies such as battery electric vehicles. The number of electric vehicles has been increasing over the last decade, but there are still many challenges that have to be solved in the future. This Special Issue “Prospects for Electric Mobility: Systemic, Economic and Environmental Issues” contributes to the better understanding of the current situation as well as the future prospects and impediments for electro mobility. The published papers range from historical development of electricity use in different transport modes and the recent challenges up to future perspectives

Investigation of feasibility for Gaziantep earthquake master plan

Afet doğal ya da insan kökenli, fiziksel, ekonomik ve sosyal kayıplara neden olan olayların tamamıdır. Afet sonrası insan yaşamının durmaması ya da normal yaşama hızlı dönülmesi için etkin bir afet yönetimine sahip olunması çok önemlidir. Afetleri önlemek imkânsız olsa da olumsuz etkilerini önceden alınan tedbirlerle en az indirmek mümkündür. Gelişmişlik düzeyi yüksek toplumlar riskleri yönetilebilir seviyeye indirmeyi başarabilmiş toplumlardır. Türkiye’de afetler incelendiği zaman, depremin en çok can ve mal kaybına sebep olan afet olduğu görülmüştür. Depremsellik açısından incelendiğinde, Gaziantep büyük deprem üretebilecek aktif fay sistemlerine yakınlığından ötürü olası deprem risklerine karşı önlem alması gereken bir konumdadır. Etkin proje yönetimi metotları kullanılarak hazırlanacak deprem master planının uygulanabilir olması sağlanmalıdır. Bu tez kapsamında Türkiye’deki mevcut deprem master planları incelenmiş olup, özellikle uygulanabilirlikleri araştırılmıştır. Buna paralel olarak, Gaziantep için uygulanabilir deprem master planı adımları belirlenmiştir. Hazırlanacak master planının güncelliğinin sağlanması ve Gaziantep için yapılacak her türlü imar, alt yapı, ulaşım, enerji gibi planlamalarda kılavuz olarak kullanılması gerekmektedir. Deprem master planının en önemli paydaşının toplum olduğu gerçeği unutulmamalıdır. Çalışmanın sonucunda ulaşılmak istenen hedef ise afetlere dirençli ve farkındalığı yüksek, sürdürülebilir bir toplum oluşturmaktır