1,621 research outputs found
Hyperbolic intersection graphs and (quasi)-polynomial time
We study unit ball graphs (and, more generally, so-called noisy uniform ball
graphs) in -dimensional hyperbolic space, which we denote by .
Using a new separator theorem, we show that unit ball graphs in
enjoy similar properties as their Euclidean counterparts, but in one dimension
lower: many standard graph problems, such as Independent Set, Dominating Set,
Steiner Tree, and Hamiltonian Cycle can be solved in
time for any fixed , while the same problems need
time in . We also show that these algorithms in
are optimal up to constant factors in the exponent under ETH.
This drop in dimension has the largest impact in , where we
introduce a new technique to bound the treewidth of noisy uniform disk graphs.
The bounds yield quasi-polynomial () algorithms for all of the
studied problems, while in the case of Hamiltonian Cycle and -Coloring we
even get polynomial time algorithms. Furthermore, if the underlying noisy disks
in have constant maximum degree, then all studied problems can
be solved in polynomial time. This contrasts with the fact that these problems
require time under ETH in constant maximum degree
Euclidean unit disk graphs.
Finally, we complement our quasi-polynomial algorithm for Independent Set in
noisy uniform disk graphs with a matching lower bound
under ETH. This shows that the hyperbolic plane is a potential source of
NP-intermediate problems.Comment: Short version appears in SODA 202
Improved Approximation Algorithm for Minimum-Weight --Connected Dominating Set
The classical minimum connected dominating set (MinCDS) problem aims to find
a minimum-size subset of connected nodes in a network such that every other
node has at least one neighbor in the subset. This problem is drawing
considerable attention in the field of wireless sensor networks because
connected dominating sets can serve as virtual backbones of such networks.
Considering fault-tolerance, researchers developed the minimum -connected
-fold CDS (MinCDS) problem. Many studies have been conducted on
MinCDSs, especially those in unit disk graphs. However, for the minimum-weight
CDS (MinWCDS) problem in general graphs, algorithms with guaranteed
approximation ratios are rare. Guha and Khuller designed a
-approximation algorithm for MinWCDS, where is the
number of nodes. In this paper, we improved the approximation ratio to
for MinWCDS, where is the
maximum degree of the graph
Sizes of Minimum Connected Dominating Sets of a Class of Wireless Sensor Networks
We consider an important performance measure of wireless sensor networks, namely, the least number of nodes, N, required to facilitate routing between any pair of nodes, allowing other nodes to remain in sleep mode in order to conserve energy. We derive the expected value and the distribution of N for single dimensional dense networks
Theory and Techniques for Synthesizing a Family of Graph Algorithms
Although Breadth-First Search (BFS) has several advantages over Depth-First
Search (DFS) its prohibitive space requirements have meant that algorithm
designers often pass it over in favor of DFS. To address this shortcoming, we
introduce a theory of Efficient BFS (EBFS) along with a simple recursive
program schema for carrying out the search. The theory is based on dominance
relations, a long standing technique from the field of search algorithms. We
show how the theory can be used to systematically derive solutions to two graph
algorithms, namely the Single Source Shortest Path problem and the Minimum
Spanning Tree problem. The solutions are found by making small systematic
changes to the derivation, revealing the connections between the two problems
which are often obscured in textbook presentations of them.Comment: In Proceedings SYNT 2012, arXiv:1207.055
Maximal Clique Enumeration and Related Tools for Microarray Data Analysis
The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of exact maximal clique enumeration in DNA microarray analysis, to analyze and improve upon existing exact maximal clique enumeration algorithms, and to develop new clique-based algorithms to assist in the analysis as indicated during the course of the study. As a first test, microarray data sets comprised of pre-classified human lung tissue samples were obtained through the Critical Assessment of Microarray Data Analysis (CAMDA) conference. A combination of exact maximal clique enumeration and approximate dominating set was used to attempt to classify the samples.
In another test, maximal clique enumeration was used for a priori clustering of microarray data from Mus musculus (mouse). Cliques from this graph, though smaller than the anticipated groups of co-regulated genes, exhibited a high degree of overlap. Many genes within the overlap are either known or suspected to be involved in one or more gene regulatory networks.
Experimental tests of four exact maximal clique enumeration algorithms on graphs derived from Mus musculus data normalized by either RMA or MAS 5.0 software were performed. A branch and bound Bron and Kerbosch algorithm was shown to perform the best on the widest range of inputs. A base Bron and Kerbosch algorithm was faster on very sparse graphs, but slowed considerably as edge density increased. Both the Kose and greedy algorithms were significantly slower than both Bron and Kerbosch algorithms on all inputs.
Means to improve further the branch and bound Bron and Kerbosch algorithm were then considered. Two preprocessing rules and more exacting bounds were added to the algorithm both together and separately. The low degree preprocessing rule was found to improve performance most consistently, though significant improvement was only observed with the sparsest graphs, where improvement is least necessary.
Finally, a first attempt at developing an algorithm that would integrate genes that were likely excluded from a clique as a result of noise into the appropriate group was made. Initial testing of the resulting paraclique algorithm revealed that the algorithm maintains the desired high level of inter-group edge density while expanding the core clique to a more acceptable size. Research in this area is ongoing
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