4,927 research outputs found
AN INITIAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTREO ACTIVATION REFORMS. ESRI RESEARCH SERIES NUMBER 81 MARCH 2019
This report presents results from an initial evaluation that the Economic and Social
Research Institute (ESRI) has undertaken of the effectiveness of the most recent
set of activation reforms that have been made to Ireland’s public employment
services (PES). The modifications, which are known as the Intreo activation process
reforms, were first introduced in 2012 for all newly unemployed Jobseeker’s
Allowance (JA) and Jobseeker’s Benefit (JB) recipients only. The reforms have
focused on making changes to how benefit and employment services are delivered
to jobseekers as opposed to what types of employment services are delivered (i.e.,
job search assistance, training, education courses, etc.)
Spectroscopic Signatures for the Dark Bose-Einstein Condensation of Spatially Indirect Excitons
We study semiconductor excitons confined in an electrostatic trap of a GaAs
bilayer heterostructure. We evidence that optically bright excitonic states are
strongly depleted while cooling to sub-Kelvin temperatures. In return, the
other accessible and optically dark states become macroscopically occupied so
that the overall exciton population in the trap is conserved. These combined
behaviours constitute the spectroscopic signature for the mostly dark
Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons, which in our experiments is restricted
to a dilute regime within a narrow range of densities, below a critical
temperature of about 1K.Comment: 7 pages and 5 figure
How I treat thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) are acute, rare life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathies that require rapid diagnosis and treatment. They are defined by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia, with renal involvement primarily in aHUS and neurological and cardiological sequelae in TTP. Prompt treatment for most cases of both conditions is with plasma exchange initially and monoclonal therapy (rituximab in TTP and eculizumab in aHUS) as the mainstay of therapy. Here we discuss the diagnosis and therapy for both disorders
Asynchronous Circuit Stacking for Simplified Power Management
As digital integrated circuits (ICs) continue to increase in complexity, new challenges arise for designers. Complex ICs are often designed by incorporating multiple power domains therefore requiring multiple voltage converters to produce the corresponding supply voltages. These converters not only take substantial on-chip layout area and/or off-chip space, but also aggregate the power loss during the voltage conversions that must occur fast enough to maintain the necessary power supplies. This dissertation work presents an asynchronous Multi-Threshold NULL Convention Logic (MTNCL) “stacked” circuit architecture that alleviates this problem by reducing the number of voltage converters needed to supply the voltage the ICs operate at. By stacking multiple MTNCL circuits between power and ground, supplying a multiple of VDD to the entire stack and incorporating simple control mechanisms, the dynamic range fluctuation problem can be mitigated. A 130nm Bulk CMOS process and a 32nm Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) CMOS process are used to evaluate the theoretical effect of stacking different circuitry while running different workloads. Post parasitic physical implementations are then carried out in the 32nm SOI process for demonstrating the feasibility and analyzing the advantages of the proposed MTNCL stacking architecture
Form factor approach to dynamical correlation functions in critical models
We develop a form factor approach to the study of dynamical correlation
functions of quantum integrable models in the critical regime. As an example,
we consider the quantum non-linear Schr\"odinger model. We derive
long-distance/long-time asymptotic behavior of various two-point functions of
this model. We also compute edge exponents and amplitudes characterizing the
power-law behavior of dynamical response functions on the particle/hole
excitation thresholds. These last results confirm predictions based on the
non-linear Luttinger liquid method. Our results rely on a first principles
derivation, based on the microscopic analysis of the model, without invoking,
at any stage, some correspondence with a continuous field theory. Furthermore,
our approach only makes use of certain general properties of the model, so that
it should be applicable, with possibly minor modifications, to a wide class of
(not necessarily integrable) gapless one dimensional Hamiltonians.Comment: 33 page
Autonomous engines driven by active matter: Energetics and design principles
Because of its nonequilibrium character, active matter in a steady state can
drive engines that autonomously deliver work against a constant mechanical
force or torque. As a generic model for such an engine, we consider systems
that contain one or several active components and a single passive one that is
asymmetric in its geometrical shape or its interactions. Generally, one expects
that such an asymmetry leads to a persistent, directed current in the passive
component, which can be used for the extraction of work. We validate this
expectation for a minimal model consisting of an active and a passive particle
on a one-dimensional lattice. It leads us to identify thermodynamically
consistent measures for the efficiency of the conversion of isotropic activity
to directed work. For systems with continuous degrees of freedom, work cannot
be extracted using a one-dimensional geometry under quite general conditions.
In contrast, we put forward two-dimensional shapes of a movable passive
obstacle that are best suited for the extraction of work, which we compare with
analytical results for an idealised work-extraction mechanism. For a setting
with many noninteracting active particles, we use a mean-field approach to
calculate the power and the efficiency, which we validate by simulations.
Surprisingly, this approach reveals that the interaction with the passive
obstacle can mediate cooperativity between otherwise noninteracting active
particles, which enhances the extracted power per active particle
significantly.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure
Where does selective laser trabeculoplasty stand now? A review
Background: Chronic treatment of glaucoma can present a challenge in patients who lack the means and/or the discipline to use daily glaucoma medication. We wondered if selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) could be a useful alternative.
Methods: Inclusion criteria: controlled trials comparing efficacy of SLT in adult patients with any form of open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and case reports on side effects of SLT. Two recent meta-analyses identified eight randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of SLT with medication (prostaglandin analogs) and with argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). We took these eight RCTs as reference base and calculated their success rates where they were not given. Other articles were added to elaborate on technique and side effects.
Results: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction after SLT was 3.8-8.0 mmHg after 6 months to 1 year. Mean success rate of SLT at 6 months to 1 year is 55-82 %. Higher IOP before laser predicts a higher IOP-lowering effect. In terms of mean IOP reduction, reduction in number of medications and treatment success, the effect of SLT was found to show no clinically relevant difference from that of contemporary medication (prostaglandin analogs) and from ALT.
Conclusions: The evidence indicates that SLT is an efficacious primary or adjunctive therapy for treating glaucoma
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