962 research outputs found
Evaluation of the MDC and FEC over the quality of service and quality of experience for video distribution in ad hoc networks
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) offer an excellent scenario for deploying communication applications because of the connectivity and versatility of this kind of networks. In contrast, the topology is usually extremely dynamic causing high rate of packet loss, so that ensuring a specific Quality of Service (QoS) for real-time video services becomes a hard challenge. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of using Multiple Description Coding (MDC) and Forward Error Correction (FEC) techniques for improving video quality in a multimedia content distribution system. A hybrid architecture using fixed and wireless ad hoc networks is proposed, which enables the use of multipoint-to-point transmission. MDC and FEC mechanisms can be combined with multipath transmission to increase the network efficiency and recover lost packets, improving the overall Quality of Experience (QoE) of the receiver. Simulations have been analyzed paying attention to objective parameters (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Packet Delivery Ratio, Decodable Frame Rate and interruptions) and subjective parameters. Results show that MDC increases the probability of packet delivery and FEC is able to recover lost frames and reduce video interruptions in moderate mobility scenarios, resulting in the improvement of video quality and the final user experience.This work was supported by project MIQUEL (TEC2007- 68119-C02-01/TCM) of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. The authors would like to thank the Editor and the reviewers for helpful suggestions to improve the quality of this paper.Acelas Delgado, P.; Arce Vila, P.; Guerri Cebollada, JC.; Castellanos HernĂĄndez, WE. (2014). Evaluation of the MDC and FEC over the quality of service and quality of experience for video distribution in ad hoc networks. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 68(3):969-989. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1111-3969989683Apostolopoulos JG, Wong T, Tan W, Wee SJ (2002) On multiple description streaming with content delivery networks. IEEE INFOCOMBoukerche A (2009) Algorithms and protocols for wireless and mobile ad hoc networks. John Wiley & Sons IncChow CO, Ishii H (2007) Enhancing real-time video streaming over mobile ad hoc networks using multipoint-to-point communication. Comput Commun 30:1754â1764Clausen T, Jacquet P (2003) Optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR), RFC 3626Corrie B et al (2003) Towards quality of experience in advanced collaborative environments. Third Annual Workshop on Advanced Collaborative EnvironmentsGabrielyan E, Hersch R (2006) Reliable multi-path routing schemes for real-time streaming. International Conference on Digital Telecommunications, pp 65â65Gandikota VR, Tamma BR, Murthy CSR (2008) Adaptive-FEC based packet loss resilience scheme for supporting voice communication over adhoc wireless networks. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput 7:1184â1199Gharavi H (2008) Multi-channel for multihop communication links. International Conference on Telecommunications, pp 1â6Grega M, Janowski L, Leszczuk M, Romaniak P, Papir Z (2008) Quality of experience evaluation for multimedia services. PrzeglÄ
d Telekomunikacyjny i WiadomoĆci Telekomunikacyjne 4:142â153Hsieh MY, Huang YM, Chian TC (2007) Transmission of layered video streaming via multi-path on ad hoc networks. Multimed Tool Appl 34:155â177ITUâInternational Telecommunication Union (2007) Definition of quality of experience (QoE)â, Reference: TD 109rev2 (PLEN/12)ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-12 (2009) Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures. International Telecommunication Union, GenevaITU-T Recommendation P.910 (2000) Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications. International Telecommunication Union, GenevaKao KL, Ke ChH, Shieh CH (2006) An advanced simulation tool-set for video transmission performance evaluation. IEEE Region 10 Conference, pp 1â40Ke CH et al (2006) A novel realistic simulation tool for video transmission over wireless network. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trsutworthy ComputingKeisuke U, Cheeonn C, Hiroshi I (2008) A study on video performance of multipoint-to-point video streaming with multiple description coding over ad hoc networks. EEJ Trans Electron, Inf Syst 128:1431â1437Kilkki K (2008) Quality of experience in communications ecosystem. J Univers Comput Sci 14:615â624Li A (2007) RTP payload format for generic forward error correction. RFC 5109, Dec. 2007Li J, Blake C, Couto DD, Lee H, Morris R (2001) Capacity of ad hoc wireless networks. 7th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp 16â21Liao Y, Gibson JD (2011) Routing-aware multiple description video coding over mobile ad-hoc networks. IEEE Trans Multimed 13:132â142Lindeberg M, Kristiansen S, Plagemann T, Goebel V (2011) Challenges and techniques for video streaming over mobile ad hoc networks. Multimed Syst 17:51â82Mao S et al (2003) Video transport over ad hoc networks: multistream coding with multipath transport. IEEE J Sel Area Comm 21:1721â1737Ni P (2009) Towards Optimal Quality of Experience Via Scalable Video Coding. MĂ€lardalen University Press Licentiate Theses, SwedenPinson MH, Wolf S (2004) A new standardized method for objectively measuring video quality. IEEE Trans Broadcast 50:312â322Rong B, Qian Y, Lu K, Hu RQ, Kadoch M (2010) Multipath routing over wireless mesh networks for multiple description video transmission. IEEE J Sel Area Comm 28:321â331Schierl T, Ganger K, Hellge C, Wiegand T, Stockhammer T (2006) SVC-based multisource streaming for robust video trans- mission in mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Wireless Comm 13:96â103Schierl T, Stockhammer T, Wiegand T (2007) Mobile video transmission using scalable video coding. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Tech 17:1204â1217Schwarz H, Marpe D, Wiegand T (2007) Overview of the scalable video coding extension of the H.264/AVC standard. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Tech 17:1103â1120VQEG (2008) Video quality experts group. Available online: http://www.vqeg.orgWang Z et al (2004) Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Trans Image Process 13:600â612Wei W, Zakhor A (2004) Robust multipath source routing protocol (RMPSR) for video communication over wireless ad hoc net- works. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo 2:1379â1382Winkler S, Mohandas P (2008) The evolution of video quality measurement: from PSNR to hybrid metrics. IEEE Trans Broadcast 54:660â668Xunqi Y, Modestino JW, Bajic IV (2005) Performance analysis of the efficacy of packet-level FEC in improving video transport over networks. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2:177â180Zink M, Schmitt J, Steinmetz R (2005) Layer-encoded video in scalable adaptive streaming. IEEE Trans Multimed 7:75â8
Resilient-ODMRP: Resilient On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol
(On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol) [5] [7] [1] is a popular multicast protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. The strengths of ODMRP are simplicity, high packet delivery ratio, and non-dependency on a specific unicast protocol. ODMRP floods a route request over the entire network to select a set of forwarding nodes for packet delivery. However, a single forwarding path is vulnerable to node failures, which are common due to the dynamic nature of mobile ad hoc networks. Furthermore, a set of misbehaving or malicious nodes can create network partitions and mount Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. We propose a ODMRP-based wireless multicast protocol named Resilient-ODMRP that offers more reliable forwarding paths in face of node and network failures. A subset of the nodes that are not on forwarding paths rebroadcast received packets to nodes in their neighborhoods to overcome perceived node failures. This rebroadcasting creates redundant forwarding paths to circumvent failed areas in the network. Each node makes this forwarding decision probabilistically. Our simulation results indicate that Resilient-ODMRP improves packet delivery ratio with minimal overheads, while retaining the original strengths of ODMRP
Routing and video streaming in drone networks
PhDDrones can be used for several civil applications including search and rescue, coverage,
and aerial imaging. Newer applications like construction and delivery of goods are
also emerging. Performing tasks as a team of drones is often beneficial but requires
coordination through communication. In this thesis, the communication requirements
of video streaming drone applications based on existing works are studied. The existing
communication technologies are then analyzed to understand if the communication
requirements posed by these drone applications can be met by the available technologies.
The shortcomings of existing technologies with respect to drone applications are
identified and potential requirements for future technologies are suggested.
The existing communication and routing protocols including ad-hoc on-demand distance
vector (AODV), location-aided routing (LAR), and greedy perimeter stateless
routing (GPSR) protocols are studied to identify their limitations in context to the
drone networks. An application scenario where a team of drones covers multiple areas of
interest is considered, where the drones follow known trajectories and transmit continuous
streams of sensed traffic (images or video) to a ground station. A route switching
(RS) algorithm is proposed that utilizes both the location and the trajectory information
of the drones to schedule and update routes to overcome route discovery and route error
overhead. Simulation results show that the RS scheme outperforms LAR and AODV by
achieving higher network performance in terms of throughput and delay.
Video streaming drone applications such as search and rescue, surveillance, and disaster
management, benefit from multicast wireless video streaming to transmit identical
data to multiple users. Video multicast streaming using IEEE 802.11 poses challenges of
reliability, performance, and fairness under tight delay bounds. Because of the mobility
of the video sources and the high data-rate of the videos, the transmission rate should be
adapted based on receivers' link conditions. Rate-adaptive video multicast streaming in
IEEE 802.11 requires wireless link estimation as well as frequent feedback from multiple
receivers. A contribution to this thesis is an application-layer rate-adaptive video multicast
streaming framework using an 802.11 ad-hoc network that is applicable when both
the sender and the receiver nodes are mobile. The receiver nodes of a multicast group
are assigned with roles dynamically based on their link conditions. An application layer
video multicast gateway (ALVM-GW) adapts the transmission rate and the video encoding
rate based on the received feedback. Role switching between multiple receiver nodes
(designated nodes) cater for mobility and rate adaptation addresses the challenges of
performance and fairness. The reliability challenge is addressed through re-transmission
of lost packets while delays under given bounds are achieved through video encoding
rate adaptation. Emulation and experimental results show that the proposed approach
outperforms legacy multicast in terms of packet loss and video quality
CLEVER: a cooperative and cross-layer approach to video streaming in HetNets
We investigate the problem of providing a video streaming service to mobile users in an heterogeneous cellular network composed of micro e-NodeBs (eNBs) and macro e-NodeBs (MeNBs). More in detail, we target a cross-layer dynamic allocation of the bandwidth resources available over a set of eNBs and one MeNB, with the goal of reducing the delay per chunk experienced by users. After optimally formulating the problem of minimizing the chunk delay, we detail the Cross LayEr Video stReaming (CLEVER) algorithm, to practically tackle it. CLEVER makes allocation decisions on the basis of information retrieved from the application layer aswell as from lower layers. Results, obtained over two representative case studies, show that CLEVER is able to limit the chunk delay, while also reducing the amount of bandwidth reserved for offloaded users on the MeNB, as well as the number of offloaded users. In addition, we show that CLEVER performs clearly better than two selected reference algorithms, while being very close to a best bound. Finally, we show that our solution is able to achieve high fairness indexes and good levels of Quality of Experience (QoE)
Smart PIN: performance and cost-oriented context-aware personal information network
The next generation of networks will involve interconnection of heterogeneous individual
networks such as WPAN, WLAN, WMAN and Cellular network, adopting the IP as common infrastructural protocol and providing virtually always-connected network. Furthermore,
there are many devices which enable easy acquisition and storage of information as pictures, movies, emails, etc. Therefore, the information overload and divergent contentâs
characteristics make it difficult for users to handle their data in manual way. Consequently, there is a need for personalised automatic services which would enable data exchange across heterogeneous network and devices. To support these personalised services, user centric approaches
for data delivery across the heterogeneous network are also required.
In this context, this thesis proposes Smart PIN - a novel performance and cost-oriented context-aware Personal Information Network. Smart PIN's architecture is detailed including its network, service and management components. Within the service component, two novel schemes for efficient delivery of context and content data are proposed:
Multimedia Data Replication Scheme (MDRS) and Quality-oriented Algorithm for Multiple-source Multimedia Delivery (QAMMD).
MDRS supports efficient data accessibility among distributed devices using data replication which is based on a utility function and a minimum data set. QAMMD employs a buffer underflow avoidance scheme for streaming, which achieves high multimedia quality without content adaptation to network conditions. Simulation models for MDRS and
QAMMD were built which are based on various heterogeneous network scenarios. Additionally a multiple-source streaming based on QAMMS was implemented as a prototype and tested in an emulated network environment. Comparative tests show that MDRS and QAMMD perform significantly better than other approaches
Heterogenous Traffic Performances on Local Multipoint Distribution Service System in Rainy Environment
Local multipoint distribution service (LMDS) system provides high bitrates services up to 40 Mbps operating in millimeter bands. The radio system can be employed to serve heterogenous traffics in any applications such as video surveillance, public internet hotspots and other services. However, the implementation in tropical area faces transmission problems which degrade signal reception, such as heavy rain. This paper examines the performance of heterogenous traffics in LMDS in a rainy environment. Some techniques to tackle rain ploblems were implemented and the effects were assesed. It was proven that PHY and MAC layers contribute to performances enhancement on rainy environment as long as the system uses the suitable scheduler. A packet-based scheduler was proposed by considering packet impact on quality. The results showed that the proposed technique is able to improve video performance about 0.02% over the maximum signal to noise (mSNR) scheduler, maintain voice decoding rate as well as the priority fair (PF) scheduler and increase data decodibility 0.2%
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