886 research outputs found
Practical cryptographic strategies in the post-quantum era
We review new frontiers in information security technologies in
communications and distributed storage technologies with the use of classical,
quantum, hybrid classical-quantum, and post-quantum cryptography. We analyze
the current state-of-the-art, critical characteristics, development trends, and
limitations of these techniques for application in enterprise information
protection systems. An approach concerning the selection of practical
encryption technologies for enterprises with branched communication networks is
introduced.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; review pape
qBitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Quantum Cash System
A decentralized online quantum cash system, called qBitcoin, is given. We
design the system which has great benefits of quantization in the following
sense. Firstly, quantum teleportation technology is used for coin transaction,
which prevents from the owner of the coin keeping the original coin data even
after sending the coin to another. This was a main problem in a classical
circuit and a blockchain was introduced to solve this issue. In qBitcoin, the
double-spending problem never happens and its security is guaranteed
theoretically by virtue of quantum information theory. Making a block is time
consuming and the system of qBitcoin is based on a quantum chain, instead of
blocks. Therefore a payment can be completed much faster than Bitcoin. Moreover
we employ quantum digital signature so that it naturally inherits properties of
peer-to-peer (P2P) cash system as originally proposed in Bitcoin.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Towards Post-Quantum Blockchain: A Review on Blockchain Cryptography Resistant to Quantum Computing Attacks
[Abstract] Blockchain and other Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) have evolved significantly in the last years and their use has been suggested for numerous applications due to their ability to provide transparency, redundancy and accountability. In the case of blockchain, such characteristics are provided through public-key cryptography and hash functions. However, the fast progress of quantum computing has opened the possibility of performing attacks based on Grover's and Shor's algorithms in the near future. Such algorithms threaten both public-key cryptography and hash functions, forcing to redesign blockchains to make use of cryptosystems that withstand quantum attacks, thus creating which are known as post-quantum, quantum-proof, quantum-safe or quantum-resistant cryptosystems. For such a purpose, this article first studies current state of the art on post-quantum cryptosystems and how they can be applied to blockchains and DLTs. Moreover, the most relevant post-quantum blockchain systems are studied, as well as their main challenges. Furthermore, extensive comparisons are provided on the characteristics and performance of the most promising post-quantum public-key encryption and digital signature schemes for blockchains. Thus, this article seeks to provide a broad view and useful guidelines on post-quantum blockchain security to future blockchain researchers and developers.10.13039/501100010801-Xunta de Galicia (Grant Number: ED431G2019/01)
10.13039/501100011033-Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Grant Number: TEC2016-75067-C4-1-R and RED2018-102668-T)
10.13039/501100008530-European Regional Development FundXunta de Galicia; ED431G2019/0
Demystifying Quantum Blockchain for Healthcare
The application of blockchain technology can be beneficial in the field of
healthcare as well as in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic. In this work,
the importance of blockchain is analyzed and it is observed that blockchain
technology and the processes associated with it will be utilised in the
healthcare systems of the future for data acquisition from sensors, automatic
patient monitoring, and secure data storage. This technology substantially
simplifies the process of carrying out operations because it can store a
substantial quantity of data in a dispersed and secure manner, as well as
enable access whenever and wherever it is required to do so. With the
assistance of quantum blockchain, the benefits of quantum computing, such as
the capability to acquire thermal imaging based on quantum computing and the
speed with which patients may be located and monitored, can all be exploited to
their full potential. Quantum blockchain is another tool that can be utilised
to maintain the confidentiality, authenticity, and accessibility of data
records. The processing of medical records could potentially benefit from
greater speed and privacy if it combines quantum computing and blockchain
technology. The authors of this paper investigate the possible benefits and
applications of blockchain and quantum technologies in the field of medicine,
pharmacy and healthcare systems. In this context, this work explored and
compared quantum technologies and blockchain-based technologies in conjunction
with other cutting-edge information and communications technologies such as
ratification intelligence, machine learning, drones, and so on
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