Creating And Sharing Knowledge Through A Corporate Social Networking Site: The Impact Of Employees\u27 Perceptions On Effectiveness

There have been various claims that enterprise social networking sites (ESN) might improve business effectiveness and performance. Nevertheless, many of the initiatives supported by ESNs have failed. This paper argues that divergent perceptions about ESNs across the different levels of the organization may explain failures in ESNs’ design and implementation. Using an extended version of the Technological Frames of Reference framework (Orlikowski & Gash, 1994), this paper reports on a study that analyzed employee’s perceptions about an ESN within a software engineering firm. It was found that significant divergent perceptions in the organization led to a social order that discouraged employees to create and share knowledge through the ESN. This paper highlights the importance of aligning top management perceptions about the ESN with its actual scope. It also highlights the relevance of aligning perceptions about the ESN across the different levels of the organization. This paper proposes extending the original Technological Frames of Reference framework in order to better understand people’s perceptions about technologies that support knowledge management systems. It also proposes an explanatory model for understanding how people’s perceptions about a corporate social networking site impact on its usage

Toward a Reference Architecture for Software Supply Chain Metadata Management

An Software Supply Chain (SSC) attack combines an upstream attack, where malicious codes are injected into a software artefact via a compromised life cycle activity, and a downstream attack on the consumers who use the compromised artefact. Organisations need thorough and trustworthy visibility over the entire SSC of their software inventory to detect risks early and rapidly identify compromised assets in the event of an SSC attack. One way to achieve such visibility is through SSC metadata, machine-readable and authenticated documents describing an artefact's lifecycle, such as how it was constructed and the utilised ``ingredients''. Adopting SSC metadata requires organisations to procure or develop a Software Supply Chain Metadata Management system (SCM2), a suite of software tools for performing life cycle activities of SSC metadata documents such as creation, signing, distribution, and consumption. Selecting or developing an SCM2 is challenging due to the lack of a comprehensive domain model and architectural blueprint to aid practitioners in navigating the vast design space of SSC metadata terminologies, frameworks, and solutions. This paper addresses the above-mentioned challenge with a Systematisation of Knowledge about SSC metadata and SCM2, presented as a Reference Architecture (RA). The RA comprises a domain model and an architectural blueprint for SCM2 systems, constructed from the concepts and building blocks scattered across existing SSC security frameworks and standards. Our evaluation shows that the RA framework is effective for analysing existing SCM2 solutions and guiding the engineering of new SCM2

HILJAINEN TIETO NÄKYVÄKSI : Case: Ylivieskan CENTRIA tutkimus ja kehitys

Opinnäytetyön toimeksiantaja on Ylivieskan CENTRIA tutkimus ja kehitys. CENTRIA tekee yhteistyötä alueen yritysten kanssa ja pyrkii soveltamaan tehokkaasti teknologiaa ja osaamista käytännön tasolla. Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli löytää ratkaisuja hiljaisen tiedon säilyttämiseen Ylivieskan CENTRIA tutkimus ja kehityksessä. Tavoitteena oli luoda toimintamalli Ylivieskan CENTRIAn TKI-toiminnassa syntyvän hiljaisen tiedon säilyttämiseksi organisaatiossa sekä laatia Ylivieskan CENTRIAn palveluista referenssitarinoita markkinoinnin tueksi. Referenssitarinoita laadittiin viidelle eri palvelulle: messupalvelut, tuotantotalous/toiminnanohjausjärjestelmät, puutuote, tuotantotekniikka ja software. Hiljaisen tiedon saattaminen näkyväksi ja siirrettävään muotoon on tärkeää, koska silloin se tulee koko työyhteisön käyttöön ja jää organisaation voimavaraksi, vaikka työntekijä lähtisi pois organisaatiosta. CENTRIAssa on tähän opinnäytetyöhön valituksi tulleiden tiimien osalta havaittu referenssitietojen ja -tarinoiden tarvetta markkinoinnin avuksi. Hiljainen tieto liittyy olennaisesti johtamisen kenttään. Teoriaperustassa käsiteltiin johtamista yleisellä tasolla, henkilöstöresurssien johtamista, osaamisen johtamista, tiedon johtamista sekä hiljaista tietoa ja sen johtamista. Työn empiirisessä osassa toteutettiin kvalitatiivisella tutkimusotteella tehdyt haastattelut. Opinnäytetyötä varten haastateltiin viidestä tiimistä yhteensä kuutta työntekijää syyskuussa 2012. Työn tavoitteet toteutuivat. Haastatteluaineiston analysoinnissa selvisi, että CENTRIAssa on edellytyksiä hiljaisen tiedon näkyväksi saattamiselle ja pystyttiin ehdottamaan toimintamallia sen toteuttamiseen. Referenssitarinoita varten kerätystä aineistosta saatiin esille ydinasiat, joiden ympärille tarinat laadittiin.This thesis was commissioned by CENTRIA research and development of Ylivieska. CENTRIA cooperates with companies in their area of operation, and aims to apply technology and know-how effectively at a practical level. The purpose of this thesis was to answer the question of how to keep tacit knowledge within CENTRIA research and development of Ylivieska. The objective was to create a model to capture the tacit knowledge which is generated in CENTRIA research and development and also to create reference stories to support marketing. Reference stories were created for the five different services: fair services, industrial engineering and management/operation control systems, wood laboratory, industrial engineering and software. It is important to try to turn the employees' tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge because it is then available for the entire work community, and this resource is maintained in the organization even when an employee leaves. The reference stories that were created were required because the chosen services needed some support in marketing their services. Tacit knowledge is essentially related to the fields of management. The theory part discussed topics of management in general, human resource management, know-how management, and knowledge management as well as tacit knowledge and the management of it. The qualitative research was carried out during September 2012 by conducting interviews. Six people were interviewed. The objectives of this thesis were achieved. The material that was collected by interviews showed that the circumstances in CENTRIA are such that it is possible to turn tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, and that model for that could be proposed. The material that was collected for the reference stories included the core issues on which those stories were then based

"Diseño de propuesta de modelo de gestión de activos basado en la norma ISO 55000 y un sistema integrado de gestión del espacio de trabajo (IWMS)"

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Mantenimiento Industrial) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería en Electromecánica, 2014.Through the project conducted by the firm Mecsoft located in Moravia, in the specific area of information technology, the objective was to develop a proposal for an Asset Management Model, as well as the steps for its possible implementation, as long it is under the requirements established by the International Standard ISO 55000, issued in January 2014. This project is looking to meet the national enterprises and knowledge regarding for the application of this International Standard. Asset Management has boomed in recent years given the recent release of the Standard, making ignorance about its scope or requirements and fewer steps for implementation, and the tools you have. The company Mecsoft for being a national pioneer in the topic of software engineering is called to be the driving knowledge and application of ISO 55000, also because it is owning a large Integrated Workplace Management System (IWMS) theme Asset Management. In order to establish an appropriate model to requirements and based on knowledge of international consultants and companies that already apply Asset Management, is taken as reference and role model to Argentina because of its active management on the issue of the Standard.Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Mecsof

Knowledge management in PPP decision making concerning value for money assessment

Public-private partnership (PPP) is the current procurement model used for largescale public engineering and municipal facilities procurement and is now advocated by governments around the world. Value for money (VfM) assessment is a critical process used to evaluate whether the PPP procurement model applies to a project throughout its lifecycle. VfM assessment aligns with financial capacity assessment and feasibility assessment, providing an essential decision-making reference for project managers and associated with performance measurement (PM) in the ex-post stages, which are linked to the payment model. Therefore, the evaluation of the project through VfM determines the success of the PPP model to a great extent. Through a comprehensive literature review, the dissertation identifies the practical deficiencies for the current VfM assessment process and presents a detailed view of the content of the VfM assessment. Based on that, the dissertation determines the research motivation and formulates detailed research questions and hypotheses to establish a thorough understanding of a knowledge-based management platform to achieve automated processes that support human decision making. By using the deductive approach, this research leverages knowledge engineering principles and developed a core VfM knowledge base to help manage knowledge in the PPP decision-making process concerning VfM assessment. The system development is based on the design science methodology. In order to integrate information about the engineering project management and VfM assessment, the standardized information exchange processes are first used to develop robust information with project versatility. The Building Information Modelling (BIM) application platform, which uses Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) as the engineering project data source, is connected with the developed information schema, thus establishing the basis for implementing automated information exchange. Second, ontology modeling is used to establish a VfM knowledge base. The various factors associated with the PPP project can be stored in a semantic environment for better identification by engineers. Furthermore, automated project assessment is achieved by developing different rules-based functions in the ontology and combining them with the data platform represented by BIM. By using case studies and action research strategies, this research demonstrates the feasibility of the constructed knowledge base. Abstract iv The main outcomes of the research lie on the definition and screening of information for VfM assessment, as well as the establishment and application of a smart knowledge base. The developed components and software tools have been thoroughly tested, validated and calibrated by leveraging knowledge from experienced domain experts, software companies and other industry partners. Due to the generic development principles adopted in the research, the method, tools and framework can be further extended for other related areas where smart decision making is require

A systematic review of quality attributes and measures for software product lines

[EN] It is widely accepted that software measures provide an appropriate mechanism for understanding, monitoring, controlling, and predicting the quality of software development projects. In software product lines (SPL), quality is even more important than in a single software product since, owing to systematic reuse, a fault or an inadequate design decision could be propagated to several products in the family. Over the last few years, a great number of quality attributes and measures for assessing the quality of SPL have been reported in literature. However, no studies summarizing the current knowledge about them exist. This paper presents a systematic literature review with the objective of identifying and interpreting all the available studies from 1996 to 2010 that present quality attributes and/or measures for SPL. These attributes and measures have been classified using a set of criteria that includes the life cycle phase in which the measures are applied; the corresponding quality characteristics; their support for specific SPL characteristics (e. g., variability, compositionality); the procedure used to validate the measures, etc. We found 165 measures related to 97 different quality attributes. The results of the review indicated that 92% of the measures evaluate attributes that are related to maintainability. In addition, 67% of the measures are used during the design phase of Domain Engineering, and 56% are applied to evaluate the product line architecture. However, only 25% of them have been empirically validated. In conclusion, the results provide a global vision of the state of the research within this area in order to help researchers in detecting weaknesses, directing research efforts, and identifying new research lines. In particular, there is a need for new measures with which to evaluate both the quality of the artifacts produced during the entire SPL life cycle and other quality characteristics. There is also a need for more validation (both theoretical and empirical) of existing measures. In addition, our results may be useful as a reference guide for practitioners to assist them in the selection or the adaptation of existing measures for evaluating their software product lines. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.This research has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the MULTIPLE (Multimodeling Approach For Quality-Aware Software Product Lines) project with ref. TIN2009-13838.Montagud Gregori, S.; Abrahao Gonzales, SM.; Insfrán Pelozo, CE. (2012). A systematic review of quality attributes and measures for software product lines. Software Quality Journal. 20(3-4):425-486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11219-011-9146-7S425486203-4Abdelmoez, W., Nassar, D. 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B., Barachisio Lisboa, L., de Almeida E. S., & de Lemos Meira, S. R. (2008). Evaluating domain design approaches using systematic review. In 2nd European conference on software architecture, Cyprus, pp. 50–65.Ejiogu, L. (1991). Software engineering with formal metrics. QED Publishing.Engström, E., & Runeson, P. (2011). Software product line testing—A systematic mapping study. Information & Software Technology, 53(1), 2–13.Etxeberria, L., Sagarui, G., & Belategi, L. (2008). Quality aware software product line engineering. Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society, 14(1), Campinas Mar.Ganesan, D., Knodel, J., Kolb, R., Haury, U., & Meier, G. (2007). Comparing costs and benefits of different test strategies for a software product line: A study from Testo AG. In 11th international software product line conference, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 74–83, September 2007.Gómez, O., Oktaba, H., Piattini, M., & García, F. (2006). 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Advanced Techniques for Assets Maintenance Management

16th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing INCOM 2018 Bergamo, Italy, 11–13 June 2018. Edited by Marco Macchi, László Monostori, Roberto PintoThe aim of this paper is to remark the importance of new and advanced techniques supporting decision making in different business processes for maintenance and assets management, as well as the basic need of adopting a certain management framework with a clear processes map and the corresponding IT supporting systems. Framework processes and systems will be the key fundamental enablers for success and for continuous improvement. The suggested framework will help to define and improve business policies and work procedures for the assets operation and maintenance along their life cycle. The following sections present some achievements on this focus, proposing finally possible future lines for a research agenda within this field of assets management

A Model-Driven Approach for Business Process Management

The Business Process Management is a common mechanism recommended by a high number of standards for the management of companies and organizations. In software companies this practice is every day more accepted and companies have to assume it, if they want to be competitive. However, the effective definition of these processes and mainly their maintenance and execution are not always easy tasks. This paper presents an approach based on the Model-Driven paradigm for Business Process Management in software companies. This solution offers a suitable mechanism that was implemented successfully in different companies with a tool case named NDTQ-Framework.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2010-20057-C03-02Junta de Andalucía TIC-578

MORPH: A Reference Architecture for Configuration and Behaviour Self-Adaptation

An architectural approach to self-adaptive systems involves runtime change of system configuration (i.e., the system's components, their bindings and operational parameters) and behaviour update (i.e., component orchestration). Thus, dynamic reconfiguration and discrete event control theory are at the heart of architectural adaptation. Although controlling configuration and behaviour at runtime has been discussed and applied to architectural adaptation, architectures for self-adaptive systems often compound these two aspects reducing the potential for adaptability. In this paper we propose a reference architecture that allows for coordinated yet transparent and independent adaptation of system configuration and behaviour