The Jormungand Climate Model

The geological and paleomagnetic record indicate that around 750 million and 580 millions years ago glaciers grew near the equator, though as of yet we do not fully understand the nature of these glaciations. The well-known Snowball Earth Hypothesis states that the Earth was covered entirely by glaciers. However, it is hard for this hypothesis to account for certain aspects of the biological evidence such as the survival of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Thus the Jormungand Hypothesis was developed as an alternative to the Snowball Earth Hypothesis. In this paper we investigate previous models of the Jormungand state and look at the dynamics of the Hadley cells to develop a new model to represent the Jormungand Hypothesis. We end by solving for an analytical approximation to the model using a finite Legendre expansion and geometric singular perturbation theory. The resultant model gives a stable equilibrium point near the equator with strong hysteresis that satisfies the Jormungand Hypothesis

The Jormungand Climate Model

The geological and paleomagnetic record indicate that around 750 million and 580 millions years ago glaciers grew near the equator, though as of yet we do not fully understand the nature of these glaciations. The well-known Snowball Earth Hypothesis states that the Earth was covered entirely by glaciers. However, it is hard for this hypothesis to account for certain aspects of the biological evidence such as the survival of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Thus the Jormungand Hypothesis was developed as an alternative to the Snowball Earth Hypothesis. In this paper we investigate previous models of the Jormungand state and look at the dynamics of the Hadley cells to develop a new model to represent the Jormungand Hypothesis. We end by solving for an analytical approximation to the model using a finite Legendre expansion and geometric singular perturbation theory. The resultant model gives a stable equilibrium point near the equator with strong hysteresis that satisfies the Jormungand Hypothesis

The Jormungand Climate Model

The geological and paleomagnetic record indicate that around 750 million and 580 millions years ago glaciers grew near the equator, though as of yet we do not fully understand the nature of these glaciations. The well-known Snowball Earth Hypothesis states that the Earth was covered entirely by glaciers. However, it is hard for this hypothesis to account for certain aspects of the biological evidence such as the survival of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Thus the Jormungand Hypothesis was developed as an alternative to the Snowball Earth Hypothesis. In this paper we investigate previous models of the Jormungand state and look at the dynamics of the Hadley cells to develop a new model to represent the Jormungand Hypothesis. We end by solving for an analytical approximation to the model using a finite Legendre expansion and geometric singular perturbation theory. The resultant model gives a stable equilibrium point near the equator with strong hysteresis that satisfies the Jormungand Hypothesis

The Jormungand Climate Model

The geological and paleomagnetic record indicate that around 750 million and 580 millions years ago glaciers grew near the equator, though as of yet we do not fully understand the nature of these glaciations. The well-known Snowball Earth Hypothesis states that the Earth was covered entirely by glaciers. However, it is hard for this hypothesis to account for certain aspects of the biological evidence such as the survival of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Thus the Jormungand Hypothesis was developed as an alternative to the Snowball Earth Hypothesis. In this paper we investigate previous models of the Jormungand state and look at the dynamics of the Hadley cells to develop a new model to represent the Jormungand Hypothesis. We end by solving for an analytical approximation to the model using a finite Legendre expansion and geometric singular perturbation theory. The resultant model gives a stable equilibrium point near the equator with strong hysteresis that satisfies the Jormungand Hypothesis

A Time Dependent Zonally Averaged Energy Balance Model to be Incorporated into IMAGE (Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect)

This paper is the first report of a collaborative effort between IIASA and The Netherlands' National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RTVM), Bilthoven, on developing an integrated model for assessing, in a time-dependent manner, the socio-economic and ecological effects of a given greenhouse gas scenario. This involves linking greenhouse gas emission accounting frameworks, models for calculating changes with time of greenhouse gas concentrations and climatic change, and ecological changes such as shifts in growing zones for natural vegetation and agricultural crops, and effects on forest growth, water supply and sea level rise. This paper reports on one of the first steps in this linkage: modifying the climate module of RTVM's Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect (IMAGE) to provide appropriate temperature and precipitation scenarios for the ecological models. The work follows in the tradition of both institutions in developing science-based tools for policy analysis

An ocean-atmosphere energy climate model

Thesis (Sc.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Meteorology, 1980.Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science.Bibliography: leaves 152-159.by Long Sang Chiu.Sc.D

Notes on the 1976 Summer Study Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Originally issued as Reference no. 76-81Global climatology was the principal theme of the eighteenth summer program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. This single volume contains course lectures, abstracts of seminars and lectures by summer fellows. As in previous years, the summer fellows were responsible for preparing a first draft of the course lectures on the principal theme. In most cases, the lecturer has been able to re-work the material further. The course lecturers, all of whom contributed so much to the program, are Richard S. Lindzen, Wallace S. Broecker, Abraham H. Oort, John Imbrie, Thomas Vonder Haar, Gerald R. North, Claes Rooth, Gene E. Birchfield, and Richard C. Somerville. The abstracted seminars cover a broad range of topics, including a one week symposium on planetary and benthic boundary layers. Much valuable material is referred to in these abstracts. The major creative products of the summer are the lectures of the ten fellows. These lectures have not been edited or reviewed in the manner appropriate for published papers, and should be regarded as unpublished manuscripts. Readers who would like to quote or use the material should write directly to the authors . As in previous years, much of the ultimate value of this summer's activities is likely to appear as published papers during the next year or two. In this sense, the material in this volume is simply a report of an ongoing research effort. We all express our thanks to the National Science Foundation, which provided the bulk of the financial support, the Office of Naval Research, which supported the Boundary Layer Symposium and some of the staff participation, and to Mary C. Thayer, who managed the program and prepared this volume

Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences, collected reprints 1978 - 1979, volume 2

Information about the Earth hydrosphere, obtained in the field and from aircraft and satellite imagery is reported. Particular emphasis is given to the use of microwave sensors in the study of soil moisture, sea ice, snow cover and atmospheric parameters associated with watersheds

Analysis and Computation of Equilibria and Regions of Stability, With Applications in Chemistry, Climatology, Ecology, Economics

This record has been put together in a limited time for prompt distribution. It is not a proceedings volume. Rather it is a collection of all memoranda, diagrams, and literature references that were circulated before the workshop, used to support presentations during the workshop, or written down to preserve some ideas and some outcomes of computations that arose from the workshop. The only organizing principle is the temporal sequence in which the materials were presented or prepared

Large scale sea-air energy fluxes and global sea surface temperature fluctuations

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, 1984.Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science.Vita.Bibliography: leaves 233-238.by Jane Hsiung Wojcik.Ph.D