A Smart Guidance Indoor Parking System Based on Dijkstra's Algorithm and Ant Colony Algorithm

One of the more apparent problems associated with the growing number of parking spaces in shopping complexes, office buildings, and other types of building is the lack of notification to drivers of vacant and occupied parking bays in a large parking space. Given the heavy traffic commonly seen during the weekends, most drivers might spend at least 20 to 30 minutes just to find an empty parking bay, which leads to wasteful fuel consumption. Currently, most shopping malls have conventional parking systems, where heavy traffic can lead to an increase in the number of accidents occurring. This is a serious problem that requires a solution. The existing parking systems are complex and have poor performance due to low-speed processing and inefficiency. Thus, to overcome these problems, a smart parking system should be designed and implemented. This paper introduces a smart guidance indoor parking system based on embedded system integrated with both the Dijkstra's algorithm and Ant Colony algorithm (ACO) to provide drivers with an efficient path to the nearest parking bay. The smart guidance indoor parking comprises two parts, namely the hardware and the software. The hardware part explains the components used in the system and the software part explains the algorithms which have been used in the system. The proposed smart guidance indoor parking has achieved 37.50%, 10.81%, and 34.88% improvement compared with the conventional Dijkstra's algorithm. . The smart guidance indoor parking system was successfully developed in an adaptable structure, convenient cost and easy handling procedure

Smart Panking : uma aplicação para estacionamento em cidades inteligentes

The world is experiencing two major transformations: the number of people living in urban areas surpassing the number of people in rural areas and a technological revolution changing the lives of billions of people. With more people living in cities, the problems they face are intensified and the response to these problems increasingly involves the use of a lot of technology, from which emerges the concept of Smart City. In order to deal with one of the most critical problems of cities, urban mobility, this work seeks to understand its causes and what interventions could be undertaken. One of the most prominent problems that impacts the urban mobility is the high number of vehicles circulating in cities and one of the challenges is to manage this fleet of vehicles in order to reduce congestion, facilitating mobility and consequently reducing the amount of exhaust gases in the atmosphere. Since one of the causes of this problem is the time spent by drivers looking for parking spaces, one solution is to minimize it. For this purpose a Systematic Literature Review of primary studies that were inserted in this context was carried out and through a Product Research in the Market, followed by the application of a questionnaire to stakeholders, relevant characteristics were extracted for the development of a solution for this scenario. Therefore, the objective of this work was to create a tool that intelligently optimizes the process of supply and demand of parking spots, considering the growing number of vehicles and the limited space of cities as a contribution to the development of Smart Cities.O mundo está vivenciando duas grandes transformações: o número de pessoas vivendo em zonas urbanas ultrapassando o número de pessoas em zonas rurais e uma revolução tecnológica mudando a vida de bilhões de pessoas. Com mais pessoas vivendo nas cidades, os problemas que elas enfrentam são intensificados e a resposta a esses problemas envolve cada vez mais o emprego de muita tecnologia, de onde emerge o conceito de Cidade Inteligente. Com o intuito de lidar com um dos problemas mais crucias das cidades, a mobilidade urbana, este trabalho procurou levantar as suas causas e quais intervenções poderiam ser realizadas. Um dos problemas mais proeminentes que gera impacto na mobilidade urbana é o crescimento da quantidade de veículos circulando nas cidades e um dos desafios é gerenciar esta frota de veículos buscando diminuir o congestionamento, facilitando a mobilidade e consequentemente reduzindo a quantidade de gases expelidos na atmosfera. Uma vez que uma das causas deste problema é o tempo gasto pelos motoristas na procura por vagas para estacionar, uma solução é minimizar esta causa. Para este fim foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática dos estudos primários que estão inseridos neste contexto e por meio de uma Pesquisa de Produtos no Mercado, seguido da aplicação de um questionário para stakeholders foram extraídas características relevantes para o desenvolvimento de uma solução para este cenário. Sendo assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi criar uma ferramenta que otimiza de forma inteligente o processo de oferta e procura de vagas de estacionamento, tendo em vista o número crescente de veículos e o espaço limitado das cidades como contribuição para o desenvolvimento das Cidades Inteligentes.São Cristóvã