QoS Driven Routing Protocol in VANETs

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) arespecial type of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). It is an effective new technology to forward packets or sharing messages between vehicles (V2V) or vehicle to infrastructure (V2I). VANETs are considered as one of the most emerging technologies for enhancing the efficiency and the safety applications of transportation systems. The main use of VANET is to exchange traffic related information between the vehicles and prevention of accidents in transportation system. In VANETs vehicles move with the high mobility so it can be considered as the major concern. The challenge in VANETs applications is to send the Emergency Message (EM) to all the vehicles which are available in the communication range. But, because of the wireless communication medium, sharing of the packets and broadcasting of traffic information may lead to frequent altercation and collision, this problem called "broadcast overhead problem". In this paper, a QoS driven protocol is proposed to utilize the network bandwidth efficiently by reducing the broadcast overhead and forwarding the urgent or emergency messages first compared to other messages. This new protocol first finds the Minimum Connected Dominating Set of Vehicle (MCDSV) to reduce the broadcast overhead and the MCDSV acts as a virtual backbone for communication within the Network. After finding the MCDSV, we use the concept of a priority Queue for emergency broadcast scheme (VDEB) to resolve the issue of high overhead in senderoriented schemes and long delay in receiveroriented schemes. For the safety applications the broadcast protocol has to guarantee the performance and the reliability context. This combined method of Minimum Connected Dominating Set and Priority Queue demonstrate the good performances and the robustness of such protocol compared to other Routing protocols

Beaconing Approaches in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey

A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a type of wireless ad hoc network that facilitates ubiquitous connectivity between vehicles in the absence of fixed infrastructure. Beaconing approaches is an important research challenge in high mobility vehicular networks with enabling safety applications. In this article, we perform a survey and a comparative study of state-of-the-art adaptive beaconing approaches in VANET, that explores the main advantages and drawbacks behind their design. The survey part of the paper presents a review of existing adaptive beaconing approaches such as adaptive beacon transmission power, beacon rate adaptation, contention window size adjustment and Hybrid adaptation beaconing techniques. The comparative study of the paper compares the representatives of adaptive beaconing approaches in terms of their objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized simulator and the type of vehicular scenario. 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A Simple and Robust Dissemination Protocol for VANETs

Several promising applications for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) exist. For most of these applications, the communication among vehicles is envisioned to be based on the broadcasting of messages. This is due to the inherent highly mobile environment and importance of these messages to vehicles nearby. To deal with broadcast communication, dissemination protocols must be defined in such a way as to (i) prevent the so-called broadcast storm problem in dense networks and (ii) deal with disconnected networks in sparse topologies. In this paper, we present a Simple and Robust Dissemination (SRD) protocol that deals with these requirements in both sparse and dense networks. Its novelty lies in its simplicity and robustness. Simplicity is achieved by considering only two states (cluster tail and non- tail) for a vehicle. Robustness is achieved by assigning message delivery responsibility to multiple vehicles in sparse networks. Our simulation results show that SRD achieves high delivery ratio and low end-to-end delay under diverse traffic conditions

A Hybrid Model to Extend Vehicular Intercommunication V2V through D2D Architecture

In the recent years, many solutions for Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication were proposed to overcome failure problems (also known as dead ends). This paper proposes a novel framework for V2V failure recovery using Device-to-Device (D2D) communications. Based on the unified Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) architecture, LTE-based D2D mechanisms can improve V2V dead ends failure recovery delays. This new paradigm of hybrid V2V-D2D communications overcomes the limitations of traditional V2V routing techniques. According to NS2 simulation results, the proposed hybrid model decreases the end to end delay (E2E) of messages delivery. A complete comparison of different D2D use cases (best & worst scenarios) is presented to show the enhancements brought by our solution compared to traditional V2V techniques.Comment: 6 page

Secure Position-Based Routing for VANETs

Vehicular communication (VC) systems have the potential to improve road safety and driving comfort. Nevertheless, securing the operation is a prerequisite for deployment. So far, the security of VC applications has mostly drawn the attention of research efforts, while comprehensive solutions to protect the network operation have not been developed. In this paper, we address this problem: we provide a scheme that secures geographic position-based routing, which has been widely accepted as the appropriate one for VC. Moreover, we focus on the scheme currently chosen and evaluated in the Car2Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC). We integrate security mechanisms to protect the position-based routing functionality and services (beaconing, multi-hop forwarding, and geo-location discovery), and enhance the network robustness. We propose defense mechanisms, relying both on cryptographic primitives, and plausibility checks mitigating false position injection. Our implementation and initial measurements show that the security overhead is low and the proposed scheme deployable