50,638 research outputs found
Tapping Environmental History to Recreate Americaâs Colonial Hydrology
To properly remediate, improve, or predict how hydrological systems behave, it is vital to establish their histories. However, modern-style records, assembled from instrumental data and remote sensing platforms, hardly exist back more than a few decades. As centuries of data is preferable given multidecadal fluxes of both meteorology/climatology and demographics, building such a history requires resources traditionally considered only useful in the social sciences and humanities. In this Feature, Pastore et al. discuss how they have undertaken the synthesis of historical records and modern techniques to understand the hydrology of the Northeastern U.S. from Colonial times to modern day. Such approaches could aid studies in other regions that may require heavier reliance on qualitative narratives. Further, a better insight as to how historical changes unfolded could provide a âpast is prologueâ methodology to increase the accuracy of predictive environmental models
RĂĄmec pro posouzenĂ kvalitativnĂch hledisek informaÄnĂch systĂ©mĆŻ
ZĂĄmÄrem pĆedloĆŸenĂ© disertaÄnĂ prĂĄce je porozumÄt tomu, jak investoĆi v konkrĂ©tnĂm spoleÄenskĂ©m kontextu vnĂmajĂ vĂœznam kvality informaÄnĂch systĂ©mĆŻ. Ze studia literatury zabĂœvajĂcĂ se pĆĂstupy a rĂĄmci hodnocenĂ kvality informaÄnĂch systĂ©mĆŻ vyplĂœvĂĄ, ĆŸe tato kvalita je obecnÄ hodnocena z hlediska striktnĂho pĆĂstupu. V tĂ©to prĂĄci je ukĂĄzĂĄno, ĆŸe kvalitu informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu lze smysluplnÄ pochopit pouĆŸitĂm interpretaÄnĂho paradigmatu a ĆŸe kvalita informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu je definovĂĄna spoleÄensky a ovlivĆovĂĄna kontextem tohoto systĂ©mu. Studie byla zahĂĄjena prĆŻzkumem dvaceti libyjskĂœch organizacĂ. PodrobnÄjĆĄĂ data byla zĂskĂĄna z pĆĂpadovĂ© studie dvou vybranĂœch libyjskĂœch organizacĂ pĆŻsobĂcĂch ve veĆejnĂ©m sektoru. PĆi empirickĂ© analĂœze nashromĂĄĆŸdÄnĂœch dat bylo vyuĆŸito rĂĄmce mnohoÄetnĂ© perspektivy, kterĂœ zahrnuje hlediska teorie strukturalizace, pojem mnohoÄetnĂœch perspektiv a metodologii mÄkkĂœch systĂ©mĆŻ. V prĂĄci se dospÄlo ke zjiĆĄtÄnĂ, ĆŸe: a) kvalita informaÄnĂch systĂ©mĆŻ je pojata ĆĄĂĆe, neĆŸ je tomu u tradiÄnĂ definice kvality, b) mnohoÄetnĂ© perspektivy kvality informaÄnĂch systĂ©mĆŻ jsou ovlivnÄny opakovanou interakcĂ mezi investorem a institucionĂĄlnĂmi vlastnostmi kontextu informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu a ĆŸe c) rozdĂlnĂ© hodnoty v kulturnĂm prostĆedĂ a vnÄjĆĄĂm kontextu ovlivĆujĂ rozsah pĆŻsobnosti investora a interakce v kontextu informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu. Ze zĂĄvÄru prĂĄce vyplĂœvĂĄ, ĆŸe spoleÄenskĂĄ skladba mnohoÄetnĂœch perspektiv kvality informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu je ovlivnÄna strukturalizaÄnĂmi procesy mezi investory a vlastnostmi v kontextu informaÄnĂho systĂ©mu.This thesis is concerned with understanding how stakeholders in a particular cultural context construct the multiple meanings of âInformation Systems Qualityâ (IS Quality). A review of literature on approaches and frameworks for IS quality shows that the IS quality is generally examined through a âhard approachâ. This study demonstrates that IS quality can be meaningfully understood through an interpretive paradigm, and that IS quality is socially constructed and influenced by the IS context. The study began with an exploratory survey of twenty Libyan organizations. Data were gathered through a case study of two public sector organizations in Libya. A Multiple Perspective Framework (MPF) that incorporates ideas from structuration theory, multiple perspectives concept, and soft systems methodology (SSM) was used to analyze the empirical work. The findings revealed that: (a) IS quality is a broader conception than the traditional quality definition, (b) the multiple perspectives of IS quality are influenced by repeated interaction between the stakeholder and institutional properties in the IS context, and (c) mediation of different values in the culture system and in the external context influence the extent of stakeholder agency and interaction in the IS context. The study concluded that the social construction of multiple perspectives of IS quality is influenced by the structuration processes between stakeholders and properties in the IS context.
Methodological considerations concerning manual annotation of musical audio in function of algorithm development
In research on musical audio-mining, annotated music databases are needed which allow the development of computational tools that extract from the musical audiostream the kind of high-level content that users can deal with in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) contexts. The notion of musical content, and therefore the notion of annotation, is ill-defined, however, both in the syntactic and semantic sense. As a consequence, annotation has been approached from a variety of perspectives (but mainly linguistic-symbolic oriented), and a general methodology is lacking. This paper is a step towards the definition of a general framework for manual annotation of musical audio in function of a computational approach to musical audio-mining that is based on algorithms that learn from annotated data. 1
The Atlantic divide: methodological and epistemological differences in economic history
In the paper the development of economic history will be placed within the evolution of Western thought and culture. Therefore an analysis of the connections between economic history and contemporary epistemology will be carried out. In this perspective an analogy with the traditional division between analytic philosophy and continental philosophy would appear to be useful for economic history too: the first had long prevailed in Anglo-Saxon, the second in continental, culture. This partition evokes and embraces the antithesis between scientific and humanist culture, between logic and rhetoric, analysis and interpretation, conceptual clarification and visions of the world. The paper suggest that the opposition that loomed large over the post W.W.II decades between Anglo-American and European economic histories can also be conceived as a specific form of the wider opposition between âanalytic styleâ and âcontinental styleâ.economic history, methodology, epistemology, cliometrics, business history, economic thought
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