Crime reduction through design: insights from ecodesign

The recognition for humankind to act in more sustainable ways has evolved new theory and practice within design. This new type of design is commonly described as ecodesign. This paper describes the different approaches to ecodesign and places them within a framework illustrating a broad range of initiatives. Approaches to crime are explored in relation to the ecodesign framework and conceptual links are made between these two fields of study. To ascertain how such initiatives may inform design and development in decreasing the number of crime and disorder events, an overview of ecodesign policies, tools and drivers is presented, and the transferability of these discussed

Skills Requirements for the European Machine Tool Sector Emerging from Its Digitalization

Abstract The machine tool industry, which is the starting point of all the metal producing activities, is presently undergoing rapid and continuous changes as a result of the fourth industrial revolution Industry 4.0. Manufacturing models are profoundly transforming with emerging digitalization. Smart technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), big data, the Internet of Things (IoT), digital twin, allow the machine tool companies to optimize processes, increase efficiency and reduce waste through a new phase of automation. These technologies, as well, enable the machine tool producers to reach the aim of creating products with improved performance, extended life, high reliability that are eco-efficient. Therefore, Industry 4.0 could be perceived as an invaluable opportunity for the machine tool sector, only if the sector has a competent workforce capable of handling the implementation of new business models and technological developments. The main condition to create this highly qualified workforce is reskilling and upskilling of the current workforce. Once we define the expected evolution of skills requirements, we can clarify the skills mismatch between the workers and job profiles. Only then, we can reduce them by delivering well-developed trainings. For this purpose, this article identifies the current and foreseen skills requirements demanded by the machine tool industry workforce. To this end, we generated an integrated database for the sector with the present and prospective skills needs of the metal processing sector professionals. The presented sectoral database is a fundamental structure that will make the sector acquire targeted industrial reforms. It can also be an essential instrument for machine tool companies, policymakers, academics and education or training centers to build well-designed and effective training programs to enhance the skills of the labor forceThis research was partly funded by (a) the European Union through the Erasmus Plus Programme (Grant Agreement No. 2018-3019/001-001, Project No. 600886-1-2018-1-DE-EPPKA2-SSA-B). (b) the HAZITEK call of the Basque Government, project acronym Adit4All and (c) Accenture, Inzu Group, Fundación Telefónica and Fundación BBK, partners of the Deusto Digital Industry Chair

Predicting the future of additive manufacturing: A Delphi study on economic and societal implications of 3D printing for 2030

Additive manufacturing (colloquially: 3D printing) is a highly discussed topic. Previous research has argued that this technology not only has profound effects on manufacturing businesses but also on society, which demands new corporate strategies and policies alike. Thus, the development of reliable future scenarios is key for strategic planning and decision making as well as for future research. Dedicated academic studies in this field remain scarce. We present the results of an extensive Delphi survey on the future of additive manufacturing with a focus on its economic and societal implications in 2030. Via an initial round of extensive qualitative interviews and a Delphi-based analysis of 3510 quantitative estimations and 1172 qualitative comments from 65 experts, we were able to develop and validate 18 projections that were then clustered into a scenario for the most probable future. The scenario is built on the six Delphi projections with the highest consensus on the likelihood of occurrence. We complement this most probable scenario with a discussion on controversial, extreme scenarios. Based on these findings we derive implications for industry, policy, and future research

Collaborative methods in industrial investment projects

Abstract. The objective of this study is to research how collaborative methods can be used to solve challenges in industrial investment projects. The literature review, which focuses on the industrial investment projects and the delivery models, and the empirical data are then combined to find ways to use collaborative delivery models to solve challenges in industrial investment projects. The literature review focuses on following areas: industrial investment projects, project management, different delivery models and challenges in different delivery models. The literature review also presents the collaborative project delivery methods and the benefits of using each method. The empirical part focuses on demonstrating the key challenges that stood out from the interviews, and how the collaborative methods can be used to solve the challenges. Traditionally, industrial projects and industrial investment projects have been delivered using the design-bid-build, the design-build, or the construction manager at risk -models. Nowadays using collaborative methods, such as the alliance method, have been gaining more popularity in industrial investment projects. The collaborative methods can be used to solve the common challenges in the different phases of industrial investment projects. This study offers a set of suggestions on how to use collaboration more effectively to predict and solve the most common challenges. The outcomes of this study can be used to research the topic further and to use the solutions offered in this study in an actual project setting.Yhteistoiminnalliset menetelmät teollisuuden investointiprojekteissa. Tiivistelmä. Tämän työn keskeisimpiä tavoitteita on tutkia, miten yhteistoiminnallisia menetelmiä voidaan hyödyntämään teollisten investointiprojektien yleisimpien haasteiden ratkomiseksi. Työssä yhdistetään kirjallisuuskatsaus ja empiirinen data, ja niiden avulla on tarkoituksena löytää uusia keinoja hyödyntää yhteistoiminnallisia menetelmiä teollisuuden investointiprojektien ongelmien ratkaisemiseksi. Kirjallisuuskatsaus keskittyy seuraaviin aihealueisiin: teollisuuden investointiprojektit, investointiprojektien eri vaiheet, projektinhallinta, projektien toimitusmenetelmät ja haasteet eri toimitusmenetelmissä. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa esitellään myös yhteistoiminnalliset menetelmät ja eri menetelmien keskeisimmät hyödyt. Empiirisen osan tarkoituksena on mallintaa yleisiä haasteita, joita työn aikana tehdyissä haastatteluissa ilmeni, ja tuoda ilmi yhteistoiminnallisia keinoja, joiden avulla yleisimpiä haasteita voidaan ratkoa. Perinteisesti teollisuuden investointiprojektien yleisiä toimitusmalleja ovat suunnitteletarjoa-rakenna-, suunnittele-rakenna- ja construction manager at risk -toimitusmallit, mutta nykyään investointiprojekteissa käytetään enemmän myös yhteistoiminnallisia menetelmiä, kuten allianssimallia. Yhteistoiminnallisten menetelmien avulla voidaan myös ratkaista yleisiä haasteita teollisuuden investointiprojektien eri vaiheissa. Työn tuloksena syntyy erilaisia yhteistoiminnallisiin menetelmiin pohjautuvia ratkaisukeinoja teollisuuden investointiprojekteihin. Työn tuloksia voidaan käyttää aiheen vielä syvempään tutkimukseen ja työn tuloksia voidaan myös hyödyntää ja testata aidossa projektiympäristössä

Exploring the Relevant Skills Needed for the Digital Age Employees

The aim of this study is to explore the relevant skills needed for the digital age employees in business. After reviewing prior studies and literature, it was recognized that technology changed the requirements of employment. Digital technology stimulated an effect on employment in a wide range of business industries, changing the labor-force requirements. A qualitative approach was used to provide deeper insights into the studies presented in the literature. The aim of the exploration was to validate the research variables and develop a proposed conceptual framework of the vital skills relevant in the digital age labor-market. Three focus groups were steered in this study. Each focus group contained seven participants who were managers in various companies in different business sectors in Cairo or Alexandria. The participants in each focus group were homogeneous. The managers were into groups according to their company’s classification (local, multinational, and non-profit organization). The organizations were chosen based on a purposive sample and only organizations with a human resource department were invited to take part. According to the thematic analysis results, managers recruit graduates not only with technical skills, as represented by the degree obtained or the subjects that they took in college, but also with their employability skills: personal skills in business practices and digital media and information literacy. This study offered practical and academic contributions. The empirical evidences supported that technology has changed the requirements of employment, developing a proposed conceptual framework that recognizes the main skills needed in the digital age workforce. Keywords: Digital Age, Employability, Hard Skills, Media Literacy, Soft Skills, Workforce. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-2-07 Publication date: January 31st 202

Building capacity in climate change policy analysis and negotiation: methods and technologies

Capacity building is often cited as the reason “we cannot just pour money into developing countries” and why so many development projects fail because their design does not address local conditions. It is therefore a key technical and political concept in international development. Some of the poorest countries in the world are also some of the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Their vulnerability is in part due to a lack of capacity to plan and anticipate the effects of climate change on crops, water resources, urban electricity demand etc. What capacities do these countries lack to deal with climate change? How will they cope? What steps can they take to reduce their vulnerability? This innovative and high-profile research project was part of a larger project (called C3D) and conducted with non-governmental organisations in Senegal, South Africa and Sri Lanka. The research involved several participatory workshops and a questionnaire to all three research centres

A knowledge chain framework for construction supply chains

Construction is a project-based industry and construction supply chains generally work with a unique product in every project. Commonly, project organizations are reconfigured for each project. This means that construction supply chains are characterised by various practices and disjointed relationships, with the result that construction supply chain actors generally have transient relationships rather than long term risk sharing partnerships. A consequence of this is the lack of trust between construction clients, designers, main contractors and suppliers. Because the construction supply chain works as a disparate collection of separate organisations rather than as a unified team, the supply chain suffers from lack of integration. Knowledge flow in construction supply chains are hindered due to the reasons such as inadequate adaptation to collaborative procurement type projects, inadequate collaboration between the downstream and upstream supply chain, lack of interoperability of the design tools, lack of well structured SCM process and lack of well developed knowledge management applications. These characteristics of the construction supply chains are the main reasons for its low efficiency and productivity in project delivery. There is a need for the development of appropriate systems to ensure the effective diffusion of knowledge such that each actor of the supply chain adds value to the project delivery process. This is expected to result in the creation of knowledge chains in construction. It is believed that construction supply chain management (SCM), when integrated with knowledge management (KM), can successfully address the major problems of the industry The main aim of this research was to develop a framework to transform construction supply chains into knowledge chains . To reach this aim, the research first provided an overview of practices and issues in SCM across a range of industry sectors including construction, aerospace, and automotive industries. It discusses research and developments in the field of SCM and KM in construction industry, the key SCM issues with a knowledge flow focus, and the best practices from other industries to improve the construction supply chains. Furthermore, the results of the company specific and project specific case studies conducted in aerospace and construction industry supply chains are presented. These results include the key SC problems, key issues related to knowledge flow and the presentation of knowledge requirements of each supply chain actor. Following the data analysis process, a framework to transform the construction supply chain into a knowledge chain taking full cognisance of both the technical and social aspects of KM was presented. The main purpose of the knowledge chain framework was to enable construction bid managers/project managers to plan and manage the project knowledge flow in the supply chain and organise activities, meetings and tasks to improve SCM and KM throughout the supply chain in an integrated procurement type (PFI) project life cycle. The knowledge chain framework was intended to depict the knowledge flow in the construction supply chain specifically, and to offer guidance for specific business processes to transform the supply chains into knowledge chains. Finally, this research focused on the evaluation of the framework through industry practitioners and researchers. An evaluation of the Framework was conducted via workshop followed by a questionnaire comprising industry experts. The findings indicated that adoption of the Framework in construction project lifecycle could contribute towards more efficient and effective management of knowledge flow, standardisation and integration of SCM and KM processes, better coordination and integration of the SC, improved consistency and visibility of the processes, and successful delivery of strategic projects. The overall research process contributed the construction research in many perspectives such as introduction of knowledge chain concept for construction supply chains; comparative analysis of the SCM practices in different industry sectors, identification of best practices for construction supply chains, better demonstration of the maturity level and critical factors of the SCM within the construction industry, demonstration of the KC framework which integrates the supply chain process and knowledge sharing within a single framework which covers all the recent trends in the construction industry like collaborative procurement route projects, creation of better integrated SCs, applications like off site construction and BIM where all supply chain management and knowledge management should take place

Motivational Interviewing Training: Improving Subject Matter Expert and Instructional Designer Relationships through Consultation

A capstone submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Ernst and Sara Lane Volgenau College of Education at Morehead State University by Hannah E. Digges Elliott on April 14, 2021

The employment value of an undergraduate degree in theatre arts in the U.S.

During lean times, administrators must make hard decisions about which programs stay and which must go. Arts departments are particularly vulnerable when traditionally derived enrollment and employability factors are used to determine where to implement cuts. While only a minority of Theatre Arts graduates will find work as artists, most do find employment in a variety of fields. Because current labor statistics fail to capture the complexity of the employment patterns of these graduates, Theatre Arts departments are vulnerable to downsizing. This study investigated the employment patterns of theatre graduates in the United States, the skills applied to current employment, and their perceptions of the value of their theatre arts degree. Findings from a survey of 487 participants provided a new map of the employment patterns of Theatre Arts graduates, identifying how and where graduates found employment and whether the skills acquired with a Theatre Arts degree contributed to a perception of value for dollars spent.Includes bibliographical reference

Sustainability in design: now! Challenges and opportunities for design research, education and practice in the XXI century

Copyright @ 2010 Greenleaf PublicationsLeNS project funded by the Asia Link Programme, EuropeAid, European Commission