Entanglement Entropy in Extended Quantum Systems

After a brief introduction to the concept of entanglement in quantum systems, I apply these ideas to many-body systems and show that the von Neumann entropy is an effective way of characterising the entanglement between the degrees of freedom in different regions of space. Close to a quantum phase transition it has universal features which serve as a diagnostic of such phenomena. In the second part I consider the unitary time evolution of such systems following a `quantum quench' in which a parameter in the hamiltonian is suddenly changed, and argue that finite regions should effectively thermalise at late times, after interesting transient effects.Comment: 6 pages. Plenary talk delivered at Statphys 23, Genoa, July 200

Alaska Energy Statistics 1960-2011 Final Report

This twenty-sixth edition of the Alaska Energy Statistics reconciles energy data from public sources and makes that data more easily available to the public and stakeholders. It primarily presents 2011 data on electricity produced by certified utilities in Alaska. It includes a brief introduction, highlights, and summary data tables. The first major section describes basic statistical indicators for Alaska utilities, and the second discusses renewable energy in Alaska. After that we look more broadly at the big picture of energy in Alaska, describing production and consumption of various energy sources. A series of appendixes defines terms, lists references, and describes data sources. This report presents data for the state and for the 11 Alaska Energy Authority energy regions. In an accompanying workbook, we also present data by U.S. census areas, Alaska Native corporation regions, and regions used in earlier Alaska Electric Energy Statistics reports.8 Unlike the preliminary version of this report, issued in fall 2012, this final report includes installed capacity data tables for 2011, as well as additional chapters on renewable energy and other Alaska energy information.Alaska Energy AuthorityTable of Contents / List of Tables / List of Figures / Summary and Highlights / Introduction / Electric Sector / Renewable-Sourced Energy in Alaska / Energy in Alaska / Appendix A/ Glossary of Terms / Appendix B. References / Appendix C. RCA Utility Regulatory Codes Summary / Appendix D. Data Sources for Electric Energy Statistics / Appendix E. Reporting Requirement

Nucleon Form Factors in Dispersion Theory

Dispersion relations provide a powerful tool to analyse the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon both in the space-like and time-like regions with constraints from other experiments, unitarity, and perturbative QCD. We give a brief introduction into dispersion theory for nucleon form factors and present first results from our ongoing form factor analysis. We also calculate the two-pion continuum contribution to the isovector spectral functions drawing upon the new high statistics measurements of the pion form factor by the CMD-2, KLOE, and SND collaborations.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, invited talk at the Symposium "20 Years of Physics at the Mainz Microtron MAMI", October 20-22, 2005, Mainz, German

Demographic Sustainability and Regional Development: The Cases of Alto Minho and Alto Alentejo

Demographic Sustainability and Regional Development: The Cases of Alto Minho and Alto Alentejo Maria Nazaré Oliveira Roca, Vasco Silva, Susana Caldinhas Centro de Estudos de Geografia e Planeamento Regional, Universidade Nova de Lisboa The paper is focused on the interrelationship of the demographic resources and sustainable development, illustrated by the case studies of two regions of Portugal: Alto Minho and Alto Alentejo. In the introduction, some concepts related to demographic sustainability and rural development are discussed. In the following sections, the main features of the two sub-regions and a brief diagnosis of the population structure and dynamics are presented. This serve as the basis for the identification of the strengths and weaknesses as well as of the opportunities and threats related to demographic sustainability of those regions. In the conclusion guideline for promoting sustainable development of Alto Minho and Alto Alentejo are presented.

An Assessment of the Southeastern Anatolia Region in Turkey in terms of the Sustainable Development Tatgets

This study aims to examine the Southeastern Anatolia Project in Turkey, which contains irrigation, energy and drinking water development schemes. The project is the biggest regional development effort ever undertaken by Turkish Government and has influenced the sustainable economic and human development targets. With the completion of each step of the project, it has been expected that there have been many important economic and social changes in Turkish regions, especially the southeast part of Turkey (called as "Southeastern Anatolia Region") and its surrounding areas. The project also interests in both Turkey and its related regions and sustainability is a major issue of concern. Following a brief introduction of the project, the paper examines the type of recent social-economic changes in the region and Turkey in terms of sustainable development components. Under the light of our investigations from different perspectives, it is observed that GAP region with its development project is very far from expectations in the point of sustainability

REGIONAL INCOME DIFFERENCES IN BORDERLANDS: A CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS

We intend to answer questions like if geography influences the pattern of inequality, that is, if the standard of living varies from region to region, with special attention to the borders, and if it reveals the presence of spatial correlation. The aim of the paper is to study the regional income differences among the NUTs 3 regions of Portugal and Spain in the borderland of these two countries. After a brief introduction we evaluate the inequalities among borderland regions using information about per capita wages. Considering the neighbourhood relationships between the NUTs 3 regions located in the Portugal-Spain border it is possible to conclude that wages are spatially autocorrelated

Economic integration in a cross border perspective - An emerging new system of production?

The economic development of regions is today closely determined by the linkages and networks to external partners as well as their own Hinterlands. Main focus in this paper is on issues related to changes in the system of production, in regional as well as international, and a cross border perspective. Empirically the analysis is based on results from a project analyzing regional development in the Baltic Sea Regions. Issues addressed are spatial impacts of alterations in the economic linkages in the BSR since the transition process started in the aftermath of the break down of the iron curtain. Theoretically the concepts applied are based on economic integration and location. An analytical framework is sketched in the first part of the paper. The second section provides a brief introduction to the economic development in the regions considered, including an assessment of cross border flows, i.e. trade and FDI. Part three is devoted to an analysis of changes in the regional production system with regard to manufacture, and the implication for regional economic performance and employment in the out-sourcing regions as well as in in-sourcing regions. In addition, the issue of ‘re-outsourcing’ is addressed. The latter deals with western companies considering moving production facilities out of the BSR region into areas with lower production costs. The final section summarizes the result with regard to relocation i.e. in border-areas, within the BSR or in a global perspective. Impacts on employment is evaluated as well the paper addresses witch branches in particular are at risk to loose economic weight in the BSR as a consequence of changes in the international division of labor.

Astrochemistry of dust, ice and gas: introduction and overview

A brief introduction and overview of the astrochemistry of dust, ice and gas and their interplay is presented, aimed at non-specialists. The importance of basic chemical physics studies of critical reactions is illustrated through a number of recent examples. Such studies have also triggered new insight into chemistry, illustrating how astronomy and chemistry can enhance each other. Much of the chemistry in star- and planet-forming regions is now thought to be driven by gas-grain chemistry rather than pure gas-phase chemistry, and a critical discussion of the state of such models is given. Recent developments in studies of diffuse clouds and PDRs, cold dense clouds, hot cores, protoplanetary disks and exoplanetary atmospheres are summarized, both for simple and more complex molecules, with links to papers presented in this volume. In spite of many lingering uncertainties, the future of astrochemistry is bright: new observational facilities promise major advances in our understanding of the journey of gas, ice and dust from clouds to planets.Comment: Introductory paper for Faraday Discussions 168 conference, April 201