2 research outputs found
Schwinger type processes via branes and their gravity duals
We consider Schwinger type processes involving the creation of the charge and
monopole pairs in the external fields and propose interpretation of these
processes via corresponding brane configurations in Type IIB string theory. We
suggest simple description of some new interesting nonperturbative processes
like monopole/dyon transitions in the electric field and W-boson decay in the
magnetic field using the brane language. Nonperturbative pair production in the
strong coupling regime using the AdS/CFT correspondence is studied. The
treatment of the similar processes in the noncommutative theories when
noncommutativity is traded for the background fields is presented and the
possible role of the critical magnetic field which is S-dual to the critical
electric field is discussed.Comment: 29pp, LaTeX; v3. reference adde
Recent Advances in Understanding Particle Acceleration Processes in Solar Flares
We review basic theoretical concepts in particle acceleration, with
particular emphasis on processes likely to occur in regions of magnetic
reconnection. Several new developments are discussed, including detailed
studies of reconnection in three-dimensional magnetic field configurations
(e.g., current sheets, collapsing traps, separatrix regions) and stochastic
acceleration in a turbulent environment. Fluid, test-particle, and
particle-in-cell approaches are used and results compared. While these studies
show considerable promise in accounting for the various observational
manifestations of solar flares, they are limited by a number of factors, mostly
relating to available computational power. Not the least of these issues is the
need to explicitly incorporate the electrodynamic feedback of the accelerated
particles themselves on the environment in which they are accelerated. A brief
prognosis for future advancement is offered.Comment: This is a chapter in a monograph on the physics of solar flares,
inspired by RHESSI observations. The individual articles are to appear in
Space Science Reviews (2011