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Culture as Non-Consensus: Exploring Coherence Among Native Speakers’ Perceptions of German Expressions of Affection
From early in their learning experience, foreign language (FL) learners at American universities explore socio-cultural connotations that, it is argued, are signified by FL words. Textbook authors and teachers follow an implicit canon of difference, a list of iconic words that over time—and without the benefit of empirical evidence—have come to represent essential differences in outlook between their native and the FL culture (Kubota, 2004). Despite the fast progression of the theory of teaching culture in FL learning (Kramsch, 2015; Risager, 2015), large empirical gaps remain. Todate, there is little evidence that native speakers (NSs) of the FL perceive their cultural practices, including the cultural contexts in which language is used, homogenously enough to warrant their status as cultural traits. Using the example of expressions of affection, this exploratory study drew on qualitative and quantitative questionnaire data to investigate whether German NSs’ (N=52) accounts of their own and of most fellow Germans’ language behavior converged enough to derive a comprehensive and reliable cultural norm. Results indicated a lack of consensus among German NSs’ self-reported views, eluding the assumption of a pertinent community-specific norm. Implications for FL teaching and learning, as well as directions for future research, are discussed
Superiorization and Perturbation Resilience of Algorithms: A Continuously Updated Bibliography
This document presents a, (mostly) chronologically ordered, bibliography of
scientific publications on the superiorization methodology and perturbation
resilience of algorithms which is compiled and continuously updated by us at:
http://math.haifa.ac.il/yair/bib-superiorization-censor.html. Since the
beginings of this topic we try to trace the work that has been published about
it since its inception. To the best of our knowledge this bibliography
represents all available publications on this topic to date, and while the URL
is continuously updated we will revise this document and bring it up to date on
arXiv approximately once a year. Abstracts of the cited works, and some links
and downloadable files of preprints or reprints are available on the above
mentioned Internet page. If you know of a related scientific work in any form
that should be included here kindly write to me on: [email protected] with
full bibliographic details, a DOI if available, and a PDF copy of the work if
possible. The Internet page was initiated on March 7, 2015, and has been last
updated on March 12, 2020.Comment: Original report: June 13, 2015 contained 41 items. First revision:
March 9, 2017 contained 64 items. Second revision: March 8, 2018 contained 76
items. Third revision: March 11, 2019 contains 90 items. Fourth revision:
March 16, 2020 contains 112 item
Tidal disruption events onto stellar black holes in triples
Stars passing too close to a black hole can produce tidal disruption events
(TDEs), when the tidal force across the star exceeds the gravitational force
that binds it. TDEs have usually been discussed in relation to massive black
holes that reside in the centres of galaxies or lurk in star clusters. In this
paper, we investigate the possibility that triple stars hosting a stellar black
hole (SBH) may be sources of TDEs. We start from a triple system made up of
three main sequence (MS) stars and model the supernova (SN) kick event that led
to the production of an inner binary comprised of a SBH. We evolve these
triples in isolation with a high precision -body code and study their TDEs
as a result of Kozai-Lidov oscillations. We explore a variety of distributions
of natal kicks imparted during the SN event, various maximum initial
separations for the triples, and different distributions of eccentricities. We
show that the main parameter that governs the properties of the SBH-MS binaries
which produce a TDE in triples is the mean velocity of the natal kick
distribution. Smaller 's lead to larger inner and outer semi-major axes
of the systems that undergo a TDE, smaller SBH masses, and longer timescales.
We find that the fraction of systems that produce a TDE is roughly independent
of the initial conditions, while estimate a TDE rate of , depending on the prescriptions adopted for the SBH natal
kicks. This rate is almost comparable to the expected TDE rate for massive
black holes.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted by MNRAS. arXiv admin note:
text overlap with arXiv:1903.1051
Dense matter with eXTP
In this White Paper we present the potential of the Enhanced X-ray Timing and
Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for determining the nature of dense matter; neutron
star cores host an extreme density regime which cannot be replicated in a
terrestrial laboratory. The tightest statistical constraints on the dense
matter equation of state will come from pulse profile modelling of
accretion-powered pulsars, burst oscillation sources, and rotation-powered
pulsars. Additional constraints will derive from spin measurements, burst
spectra, and properties of the accretion flows in the vicinity of the neutron
star. Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of
High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is
expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.Comment: Accepted for publication on Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. (2019
Are all the frames equally important?
In this work, we address the problem of measuring and predicting temporal
video saliency - a metric which defines the importance of a video frame for
human attention. Unlike the conventional spatial saliency which defines the
location of the salient regions within a frame (as it is done for still
images), temporal saliency considers importance of a frame as a whole and may
not exist apart from context. The proposed interface is an interactive
cursor-based algorithm for collecting experimental data about temporal
saliency. We collect the first human responses and perform their analysis. As a
result, we show that qualitatively, the produced scores have very explicit
meaning of the semantic changes in a frame, while quantitatively being highly
correlated between all the observers. Apart from that, we show that the
proposed tool can simultaneously collect fixations similar to the ones produced
by eye-tracker in a more affordable way. Further, this approach may be used for
creation of first temporal saliency datasets which will allow training
computational predictive algorithms. The proposed interface does not rely on
any special equipment, which allows to run it remotely and cover a wide
audience.Comment: CHI'20 Late Breaking Work
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