El centro de Madrid en la cartografía histórica: la Puerta del Sol a lo largo de cuatro siglos

A lo largo de los quince números de ILUSTRACIÓN DE MADRID, entre otoño de 2006 y primavera de 2010, hemos desgranado las noticias relativas a los planos más señeros de la historia de Madrid. Éstos son, ordenados de forma cronológica, los de Mancelli, de 1622; Pedro Texeira, de 1656; los dos de Nicolás de Fer, de 1700 y 1706; el de Nicole Chalmandrier, de 1756; Antonio Espinosa de los Monteros, de 1769; Tomás López, de 1786; José Carlos María Bentabole, de 1808, junto a planos de los ingenieros franceses de ese mismo año; los de Juan López de 1812, 1825 y 1835; Francisco Coello, de 1848; Carlos María de Castro, de 1861; Carlos Ibáñez e Ibánez Íbero, de 1872- 1874; Facundo Cañada, de 1900; Luciano Delage Villegas, c. 1920; y, por último, el plano del Banco Hispanoamericano, del decenio de 194

Algorithmic and explicit determination of the Lovász number for certain circulant graphs

AbstractWe consider the problem of computing the Lovász theta function for circulant graphs Cn,J of degree four with n vertices and chord length J, 2⩽J⩽n. We present an algorithm that takes O(J) operations if J is an odd number, and O(n/J) operations if J is even. On the considered class of graphs our algorithm strongly outperforms the known algorithms for theta function computation. We also provide explicit formulas for the important special cases J=2 and J=3

Reliability Issues with PME and BME Ceramic Capacitors

This work is a review of reliability issues specific for low-voltage precious metal electrode (PME) and base metal electrode (BME) multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC). A special attention is given to degradation and failures in capacitors with defects, in particular with cracks. Temperature and voltage reliability acceleration factors have been calculated based on approximation of distributions of degradation rates of leakage currents using a general log-linear Weibull model. Results show a substantial difference in behavior of BME and PME capacitors with defects. Mechanisms of degradation and failures in humid and dry environments and risks of overstressing capacitors during highly accelerated life testing (HALT) are discussed

Reliability Issues with PME and BME Ceramic Capacitors

Exposure of chip MnO2 tantalum capacitors to humid environments might result in increased ESR, leakage currents, and first turn-on failures. However, there is a lack of literature data on the effect of moisture on reverse bias behavior of the parts. The presence of moisture can also result in pop-corning when a high water vapor pressure develops when moisture absorbed in pores of tantalum slugs vaporizes instantly during soldering process resulting in damage to capacitors. A study of kinetics of moisture ingress to and release from active elements of capacitors would allow a better understanding of degradation mechanisms and is important for preventing failures. In this work, a technique for investigation of moisture sorption and desorption in solid chip tantalum capacitors that employs tantalum slugs as a humidity sensor have been developed and kinetics of the process analyzed for different types of capacitors at temperatures from room to 125 C. A model that relates diffusion characteristics of polymer cases and size of the slugs to characteristic times of moisture sorption has been developed. A strong effect of moisture on long-term degradation of reverse bias currents in MnO2 cathode capacitors has been demonstrated and physical mechanisms discussed

Scottish Rite (Masonic Order) French Language Collection, 1787-1825, 1907, n.d.

The origins of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry can be traced to France around 1754, when a Chapter of Claremont was founded in Paris. Initially this chapter had seven degrees, but by 1758 there were twenty-five degrees, known as the Rite of Perfection. In 1761, Stephen Morin was appointed to introduce the Rite into the New World. He began with Kingston, Jamaica and San Domingo. Further establishments were made in New Orleans, LA(1763); Albany, NY (1767); Philadelphia, PA (1782); and Charleston, SC (1783). In order to improve the disorganized state of the degrees in Europe, “Grand Constitutions” were enacted in 1786. These Constitutions formally brought into existence the “Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite”. None of the degrees of the Scottish Rite would seem to have origins in Scotland. “Scottish” is translated from the French word “Ecossais”, which is found in some of the French titles of some of the degrees of the Rite of Perfection. It is possible that the Scottish connection is a result of the involvement of a Scotsman, Andrew Michael Ramsey, who may have devised some of the degrees.This collection contains materials relating to freemasonry. All of the material is written in French. The collection consists of 19 books as well as conference papers, a letter, a leaflet and some other papers. The bulk of the material relates to the Scottish Rite Order and the Grand Orient de France

JÁVEA (Alicante) (Ensenada). Cartas náuticas (1812-1825?). 1:15.000

Comprende la costa entre el cabo de San Martín y el cabo de San AntonioManuscrito a plumilla en tinta negraOrientado con lis en cuadranteRelieve representado por normales. Sondas batimétricasIndica masas forestales y fortificaciones a lo largo de la costaAl verso, dibujado un mapa parcial, sin ningun tipo de informació

Els capítols matrimonials a la Vall d’Aran (segles XVII-XIX): algunes aportacions per a l’estudi de la casa

A partir d’una primera prospecció documental dels fons notarials i patrimonials de la Vall d’Aran a l’època moderna es presenta una font essencial per a l’estudi de les cases: els capítols matrimonials. Es descriuen les seves característiques i peculiaritats (com el fort pes de la troncalitat), i es fa èmfasi en les seves possibilitats, i també en les seves mancances. A través dels capítols es fan palesos elements clau de les societats de muntanya: el gran esforç de les cases per garantir el dot i la formació d’una nova casa, la forta endogàmia i els elements de diferenciació entre cases fortes, mitjanes i pobres.From an initial survey of the documentary heritage and notarial collection in the Aran Valley in modern times, there is an essential source for the study of the houses: the marriage contracts. It describes the characteristics and peculiarities (such as the strong weight of the core), and emphasizes its potential, as well as its shortcomings. Through marriage contracts exemplified the key elements of mountain societies: the great effort to ensure the houses dowry and the formation of a new home, the strong endogany and the elements of differentiation and inbreeding among houses strong, medium and poor

Jarvis Family fonds, 1789-1847, n.d.

Fonds contains material about the Jarvis Family, especially Samuel Peters Jarvis. Some material about his wife Mary Boyles Powell and the Powell family are also included, as well as some documents concerning William Munson Jarvis (brother of Samuel Peters Jarvis) and William Jarvis (father of Samuel Peters Jarvis and William Munson Jarvis). Also contains a letter written to Mary Boyles Powell from John Macdonell (Sir Isaac Brock’s aide-de-camp), and a lock of his hair. Materials include correspondence, land documents, military documents, map, photograph, medallion and travel journal

The intellectual practice of the city commissioners Buenos Aires (1812-1825)

En el presente artículo nos abocamos al examen de los comisarios de policía de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, realizando un ejercicio analítico sobre sus prácticas, cuestión que nos lleva a relacionarlas con "lo intelectual". Esto en tanto tenemos en cuenta su papel en la organización del control y la vigilancia, que los convierte en productores de institucionalidad, en un contexto de construcción conflictiva y contradictoria de las configuraciones policiales. Para dar cuenta de esto, nos valemos de fuentes diversas a las cuales recurrimos con un criterio de selección que focaliza sobre los actores involucrados. El período de referencia inicia con la instalación de los comisarios en 1812 como parte de la Intendencia de policía y acompaña su derrotero hasta 1825, cuando, con el Departamento de Policía ya establecido, se configuran las comisarías de ciudad.In this article we focus on the examination of the Buenos Aires city police deputies, by developing an analytical exercise on their practices, a question that leads us to relate them to intellectual aspects. This, in as much as we take into account their role in the organization of control and surveillance, which turns them into producers of institutionality, in a context of conflicting and contradictory construction of police configurations. To account for this, we use various sources, which we resort to through a selection criterion that focuses on the actors involved. The reference period begins with the installation of the police stations in 1812 as part of the Police Intendancy and accompanies their course until 1825, when, with the Police Department already established, the city police stations are configured.Fil: Vaccaroni, María Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

Human oocytes and zygotes are ready for ultra-fast vitrification after 2 minutes of exposure to standard CPA solutions

Vitrification of human oocytes and embryos in different stages of development is a key element of daily clinical practice of in vitro fertilization treatments. Despite the cooling and warming of the cells is ultra-fast, the procedure as a whole is time consuming. Most of the duration is employed in a long (8–15 minutes), gradual or direct exposure to a non-vitrifying cryoprotectant solution, which is followed by a short exposure to a more concentrated vitrifying solution. A reduction in the duration of the protocols is desirable to improve the workflow in the IVF setting and reduce the time of exposure to suboptimal temperature and osmolarity, as well as potentially toxic cryoprotectants. In this work it is shown that this reduction is feasible. In silico (MatLab program using two-parameter permeability model) and in vitro observations of the oocytes’ osmotic behaviour indicate that the dehydration upon exposure to standard cryoprotectant solutions occurs very fast: the point of minimum volume of the shrink-swell curve is reached within 60 seconds. At that point, intracellular water ejection is complete, which coupled with the permeation of low molecular weight cryoprotectants results in similar intracellular and extracellular solute concentrations. This shows that prolonging the exposure to the cryoprotectant solutions does not improve the cytosolic glass forming tendency and could be avoided. To test this finding, human oocytes and zygotes that were donated for research were subjected to a shortened, dehydration-based protocol, consisting of two consecutive exposures of one-minute to two standard cryoprotectant solutions, containing ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide and sucrose. At the end of this two-minute dehydration protocol, the critical intracellular solute concentration necessary for successful vitrification was attained, confirmed by the post-warming survival and ability to resume cytokinesis of the cells. Further studies of the developmental competency of oocytes and embryos would be necessary to determine the suitability of this specific dehydration protocol for clinical practice, but based on our results, short times of exposure to increasingly hypertonic solutions could be a more time-efficient strategy to prepare human oocytes and embryos for vitrification