COVID-19 dan Kinerja Ekspor Sektor Agroindustri Indonesia: Pendekatan Analisis Input-Output: Institut Pertanian Bogor

Abstract

Sektor agroindustri merupakan sektor yang berperan dalam menciptakan nilai tambah pertanian dan menghasilkan devisa melalui ekspornya. Tahun 2020 kinerja ekspor agroindustri mengalami penurunan akibat Covid-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengganda impor dan kinerja ekspor agroindustri Indonesia di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa Tabel Input-Output Indonesia tahun 2016 dan perubahan ekspor masing-masing subsektor agroindustri tahun 2020. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kinerja ekspor sektor agroindustri terhadap output, pendapatan, dan tenaga kerja berdampak  negatif paling besar bagi industri tekstil dan pakaian jadi. Sementara dampak positif paling besar diperoleh padi, kelapa sawit, peternakan, dan industri makanan di masa pandemi Covid-19.The agro-industrial sector is a sector that plays a role in creating added value for agriculture and generating foreign exchange through its exports. In 2020, the export performance of agroindustry experienced a decline due to Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to analyze the import multiplier and export performance of Indonesian agro-industry during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses secondary data in the form of Indonesian Input-Output Tables in 2016 and changes in exports of each agro-industry sub-sector in 2020. The results of the analysis show that the export performance of the agro-industry sector on output, income, and labor has the biggest negative impact on the textile and apparel industry. While the biggest positive impact was obtained by rice, palm oil, livestock, and the food industry during the Covid-19 pandemic