Local times and capacity for transient branching random walks

41p.International audienceWe consider branching random walks on the Euclidean lattice in dimensions five and higher. In this non-Markovian setting, we first obtain a relationship between the equilibrium measure and Green's function, in the form of an approximate last passage decomposition. Secondly, we obtain exponential moment bounds for functionals of the branching random walk, under optimal condition. As a corollary we obtain an approximate variational characterisation of the branching capacity. We finally derive upper bounds involving the branching capacity for the tail of the time spent in an arbitrary finite collection of balls. This generalises the results of [AHJ21] and [AS22] for d ≥ 5. For random walks, the analogous tail estimates have been instrumental tools for tackling deviations problems on the range, related to folding of the walk

Rapport de l'équipe française du projet ANR "Financing Clean Air", sur les potentialités de la Land Value Capture pour financer des infrastructures ferroviaires

To co-finance costly metro networks intended to reduce urban pollution, public authorities are increasingly turning to land value capture (LVC) instruments. This project examines the socio-economic and urban challenges associated with these policies and asks to what extent co-financing metro networks through LVC mechanisms contributes to sustainable urban development.The research forms part of the Sino-European project Financing Clean Air, led by colleagues at the University of Liverpool and involving researchers from four countries (France, the Netherlands, England, and China). The project aimed to explore the potential of LVC mechanisms to co-finance climate change adaptation measures in order to enhance the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of cities. LVC refers to the practice of capturing all or part of the increase in land value generated by public investment and not attributable to the efforts of landowners or property owners.Our two French project sub-teams (Géographie-cités/Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne and LabUrba/Université Créteil-Val de Marne) focused on the use of LVC to co-finance metro networks, with particular attention to Paris (Grand Paris Express) and London, as well as cases in China (Shenzhen and Nanjing) and the Netherlands. The objectives were to characterize the different LVC mechanisms, examine how they are appropriated by public and private actors (including rail operators), and analyze their effects on both the distribution of extracted land rents and the characteristics of the urban materiality produced.The research adopted a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews with a wide range of stakeholders (state representatives, developers, planners, local authorities, consulting firms, etc.), complemented by an analysis of press articles and institutional and professional publications. The investigation also drew on research conducted within Master’s and PhD programs in urban planning at Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and Université Paris-Créteil-Val de Marne.Pour cofinancer les coûteux réseaux de métro appelés à réduire la pollution urbaine, les autorités publiques se tournent de plus en plus vers des outils de LVC consistant à extraire la rente foncière. Notre projet explore les enjeux socio-économiques et urbains de ces politiques. Dans quelle mesure le cofinancement des réseaux de métro par des mécanismes de LVC contribue-t-il à un développement urbain durable ? Cette recherche entre dans le cadre du projet sino-européen « Financing Clean Air » dirigé par des collègues de l'Université de Liverpool et réunissant des chercheurs de quatre pays (France, Pays-Bas, Angleterre et Chine). L'objectif était d'explorer le potentiel des mécanismes de captation des plus-values foncières (Land Value Capture, LVC) pour cofinancer les adaptations au changement climatique, afin d'assurer une plus grande durabilité économique, sociale et environnementale des villes. La pratique de LVC consiste à capter tout ou partie de l'accroissement de la valeur foncière résultant de l'investissement public et non imputable aux efforts des propriétaires fonciers/immobiliers. Nos deux sous-équipes françaises du projet (Géographie-cités/Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne et LabUrba/Université Créteil-Val de Marne) se sont focalisées sur les usages de la LVC pour le cofinancement des réseaux de métro, en particulier à Paris (Grand Paris Express) et à Londres, mais également en Chine (Shenzhen et Nanjing) et aux Pays-Bas. Il s'agissait de caractériser les différents mécanismes de LVC, d'étudier leur appropriation par les acteurs publics et privés (dont notamment les opérateurs ferroviaires), et d'analyser leurs effets sur le partage de la rente foncière extraite ainsi que sur les caractéristiques de la matérialité urbaine produite. La recherche a été menée selon une méthodologie qualitative, basée sur des entretiens semi-structurés avec une grande diversité d'acteurs (État, promoteurs, aménageurs, collectivités locales, bureaux d'étude…), complétés par l'analyse d'articles de presse, de publications institutionnelles et professionnelles. Le travail d'enquête s'est appuyé en partie sur des recherches menées dans le cadre de Masters d'urbanisme et de thèses à l'université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne et à l'université Paris-Créteil-Val de Marne

Entre qualité des soins et injonctions budgétaires : les paradoxes du NPM à l’écran, en France, au Royaume-Uni et aux USA

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Expérimenter la « gouvernance participative » dans un cours sur la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises.: L’application de la théorie des parties prenantes dans la gestion de cours pour enseigner les enjeux socio-environnementaux.

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Development of a Prognostic Model for Poststroke Dementia Using Multiple International Cohorts

International audienceBackground and objectives: Dementia risk prediction models developed for the general population perform poorly in stroke cohorts. Existing stroke-specific models are few and limited by short prediction horizons or reliance on neuroimaging. The aim of this study was to develop a clinically practical model for predicting 5-year dementia risk after stroke using commonly available variables and individual participant data from the Stroke and Cognition Consortium (STROKOG).Methods: Data were pooled from 12 studies across 10 countries. Dementia was diagnosed mainly by expert panel consensus and algorithmic classification. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models estimated dementia probability, accounting for death as a competing event. Candidate predictors included routinely collected baseline clinical and stroke-related variables, selected through backward stepwise elimination. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination (C-index) and calibration for prediction up to 5 years after stroke. Internal-external cross-validation (IECV) assessed generalizability across studies, regions, and study periods.Results: A total of 2,663 participants (mean age 67.0 years [SD 11.1]; 40% female) were followed for a median of 2.0 years (IQR 1.0-5.0), during which 655 developed dementia (8.7 per 100 person-years). The final model included age, sex, education, history of previous stroke, diabetes, stroke severity, 2 interactions (age × sex; age × stroke severity), and study-level variables including national current health expenditure. An Excel-based risk calculator is available in the Supplement (eAppendix 1). The model demonstrated strong discrimination (C-index: 0.81; 95% CI 0.75-0.87) and excellent calibration in the full data set used for development. In IECV, discrimination was acceptable across individual studies (pooled C-index: 0.70 [0.67-0.73]) and higher in recent (post-2010; 0.79 [0.76-0.82]) and European (0.74 [0.71-0.78]) cohorts. Risks were slightly overestimated in Asian cohorts. Case numbers were too small for reliable assessment in other regions.Discussion: We developed and internally-externally validated a 5-year dementia risk model for stroke survivors using routinely available clinical variables. The model showed strong performance in the full development data set and generalized well to recent and European cohorts, although external validation in diverse populations is needed. This tool can help identify high-risk individuals for targeted cognitive monitoring and follow-up. By informing clinical decision making and resource planning, it offers a practical means to improve long-term outcomes

Doing Attending in Multi-Party Dinner Settings : Static and Dynamic Forms of Attention in French and French Sign Language

International audienceIn social interaction research, so-called "listeners" are known for being active co-participants of the interaction through several engagement displays, labeled as feedback, backchannel, or listener responses. Enriched by our account of interactions in French and French Sign Language, we suggest using the term 'doing attending' so as to not restrict this practice to a single modality and highlight its functional and interactional nature. Our analyses of video-recorded interactions during family dinners held at home, further demonstrate how such multimodal displays may not always be characterized by 'dynamic' forms, and are deeply shaped by polyadicity as well as co-activity and material affordances, in both languages

Quand la relation de service public se dématérialise. Ajustements des usagers en précarité numérique dans la co-production de service

International audienceThis article examines how the digitization of public services in France affects the participation of digitally disadvantaged users in their co-production. An ethnographic study reveals that, despite their limited digital skills, these users manage to complete their online tasks by employing coping strategies that involve third party helpers. However, these strategies generate value-destroying externalities, both in terms of the organization and workload of third-party helpers and in terms of maintaining users’ dependency.Cet article étudie l’incidence de la digitalisation des services publics en France sur les modalités de participation des usagers en précarité numérique à leur coproduction. L’étude ethnographique menée révèle que malgré leurs compétences digitales limitées, ces usagers parviennent à effectuer leurs démarches via des stratégies de coping mobilisant des tiers aidants. Ces stratégies génèrent cependant des externalités destructrices de valeur, tant sur le plan de l’organisation et la charge de travail des tiers aidants qu’au niveau de l’entretien de la dépendance des usagers

: Illustrations à partir d’initiatives collectives dans le Grand Paris

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Les compétitions WorldSkills comme situations intermédiaires : Expérience vécue, accompagnement et professionnalisation

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“Ageing Well” or “Ageing Able”? Negotiating Ageing Identities in an Ableist Marketplace

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