A Computer Vision Based Approach for Subspace Clustering and Lagrange Multiplier Optimization

In this work, we discuss about the issues raised due to the highdimensional data in real-life scenario and present a novel approach to overcome the high dimensionality issue. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based dimension reduction and clustering are considered as promising techniques in this field. Due to computational complexities PCA fails to achieve the desired performance for high-dimensional data whereas, subspace clustering has gained huge attraction from research community due to its nature of handling the high-dimensional data. Here, we present a new approach for subspace clustering for computer vision based applications. According to the proposed approach, first all subspace clustering problem is formulated which is later converted into an optimization problem. This optimization problem is resolved using a diagonal optimization. Further, we present a Lagrange Multiplier based optimization strategy to reduce the error during reconstruction Lowlevel data from high-dimension input data. Proposed approach is validated through experiments where face clustering and motion segmentation experiments are conducted using MATLAB simulation tool. A comparative analysis is presented shows that the proposed approach achieves better performance when compared with the existing subspace clustering techniques

The Paradigm Shift in the Indian Education System during Covid19: Impact, Opportunities and Trends

The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge to education systems. Education is the main priority direction and main development indicator in all civilized countries of the world. The COVID-19 global pandemic has upended all the education system across the world. In this time of crisis, a well-rounded and effective educational practice is what is needed for the capacity-building of young minds. It will develop skills that will drive their employability, productivity, health, and well-being in the decades to come, and ensure the overall progress of India. This research paper tries to investigate on the various impact of Covid-19 in education system especially on rural India. We also try to throw light on the different existing and new initiatives by government during the pandemic. The novel coronavirus has transformed the centuries-old, chalk–talk teaching model to one driven by technology. The last 50 years have seen huge growth worldwide in the provision of education at all levels. COVID-19 is the greatest challenge that these expanded national education systems have ever faced. Many governments have ordered institutions to cease face-to-face instruction for most of their students, requiring them to switch, almost overnight, to online teaching and virtual education. We see a drastic rise in the use of various teaching and conferencing technologies which has been explained in this paper, also various advantages and disadvantages to the students in the use of these technologies have been covered in this research paper by identifying opportunities and trends. Finally research has been concluded by providing avenues to future research and a meaningful conclusio

Nonlinear Convection in an Elasticoviscous Fluid-Saturated Anisotropic Porous Layer Using a Local Thermal Nonequilibrium Model

By adopting a perturbation method and a local thermal nonequilibrium model, nonlinear thermal convection in an anisotropic porous layer saturated by an elasticoviscous fluid is investigated. An elasticoviscous fluid is modeled by a modified Darcy-Oldroyd-B model, and the fluid and solid phase temperatures are represented using a two-field model for the heat transport equation. Anisotropy in permeability and fluid and solid thermal conductivities are considered. A cubic Landau equation is derived separately to study the stability of bifurcating solution of both stationary and oscillatory convection, and the results of linear instability theory are delineated. The boundary between stationary and oscillatory convection is demarcated by identifying codimension-two points in the viscoelastic parameters plane. It is found that the subcritical instability is not possible, and the linear instability analysis itself completely captures the behavior of the onset of convection. Heat transfer is obtained in terms of Nusselt number, and the effect of governing parameters on the same is discussed. The results of the Maxwell fluid are obtained as a particular case from the present study

Steady Finite-Amplitude Rayleigh–Bénard Convection of Ethylene Glycol–copper Nanoliquid in a High-Porosity Medium made of 30% Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polycarbonate

In the paper, we make linear and nonlinear stability analyses of Rayleigh–Bénard convection in a Newtonian nanoliquid-saturated high-porosity medium. Single-phase model is used for nanoliquids, and values of thermophysical quantities concerning ethylene glycol–copper nanoliquid-saturated porous medium are calculated using mixture theory or phenomenological relations. The study is carried out for free-free, rigid-rigid and rigid-free isothermal boundaries. Boundary effects on onset of convection are shown to conform to classical predictions. The addition of copper nanoparticles to ethylene glycol is shown to lead to advanced onset of convection in the porous medium and thereby to a substantial increase in heat transport. Theoretical explanation is provided for the enhanced heat transfer situation in the medium. With suitable scaling in quantities, the result concerning heat transfer in ethylene glycol–copper nanoliquid-saturated porous medium is shown to be obtainable from those of ethylene glycol-saturated porous medium without copper nanoparticles. Nanoparticles serve the purpose of cooling and porous matrix retains the heat, thereby meaning that residence time of heat in the system can be regulated by using nanoparticles and porous matrix

Elevation of gene expression of Btg2, Gadd 153, and antioxidant markers in RONS-induced PC12 cells

Free radicals generated in the biological system bring about modifications in biological molecules causing damage to their structure and function. Identifying the damage caused by ROS and RNS is important to predict the pathway of apoptosis due to stress in PC12 cells. The first defense mechanisms against them are antioxidants which act in various pathways through important cellular organelles like the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Specific biomarkers like Gadd153 which is a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress, Nrf2 which responds to the redox changes and translocates the antioxidant response elements, and Btg2 which is an antioxidant regulator have not been addressed in different stress conditions previously in PC12 cells. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the gene expression pattern (SOD, Catalase, Btg2, Gadd153, and Nrf2) and the protein expression pattern (iNOS and MnSOD) of the antioxidant stress markers in differential stress-induced PC12 cells. Peroxynitrite (1 μM), rotenone (1 μM), H2O2(100 mM), and high glucose (33 mM) were used to induce oxidative and nitrosative stress in PC12 cells

Gamma Radiation-Induced DNA Damage in Adults of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Using comet assay DNA damage in the cells of Hypothenemus hampei adults was assessed following irradiation from a 60Co source at gamma radiation doses 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1600 and 3200 Gy. The survival of exposed adults at different interval of time was assessed for the same doses of radiation. Radiation-induced DNA damage measured by increased strand breaks at higher doses was significantly different from intact cells found in control, where the increase in damage was dose-dependent. The survival of the exposed adults was dose-dependent. Doses of 1600 and 3200 Gy resulted in 100% mortality within 15 days of irradiation. The absence of significant radiation induced changes in DNA damage and survival of adults at lower doses indicates greater tolerance to radiation. The study provides useful information about the radiation sensitivity of H. hampei to develop an effective method for the control of the borer in harvested coffee

LA-ANA based Architecture for Bluetooth Environment

Wireless Personal Area Network is widely used in day to day life. It might be a static or dynamic environment. As the density of the nodes increases it becomes difficult to handle the situation. The need of multiple sensor node technology in a desired environment without congestion is required. The use of autonomic network provides one such solution. The autonomicity combines the local automate and address agnostic features that controls the congestion resulting in improved throughput, fault tolerance and also with unicast and multicast packets delivery. The algorithm LA based ANA in a Bluetooth based dynamic environment provide 20% increase in throughput compared with LACAS based Wireless Sensor Network. The LA based ANA leads with 10% lesser fault tolerance levels and extended unicast and multi-cast packet delivery

The Effects of Silicon Oxide as an Additive with a Cotton Seed Oil Biodiesel Blend in a CI Engine

Experimental investigation was carried out to study the combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, constant speed compression ignition engine, fuelled with five modified fuel blends, Diesel, B20 (Diesel–cotton seed oil biodiesel) and Diesel– cotton seed oil biodiesel –with silicon oxide as a Nano additive with three different concentration 50ppm, 75ppm, 100ppm, and the results are compared with those of neat diesel. The Nano additive was mixed in the fuel blend along with a suitable surfactant by means of an ultrasonicator, to achieve stable suspension. The properties of B20, B20 + silicon oxide fuel blend are changed due to the mixing of cotton seed biodiesel and the incorporation of the with silicon oxide Nano additives. Some of the measured properties are compared with those of neat diesel, and presented. The cylinder pressure during the combustion and the heat release rate, are higher in the B20 + with silicon oxide 100-ppm fuel blend, compared to neat diesel. Further, the exhaust gas temperature is reduced in the case of the B20 with silicon oxide 100ppm of fuel blend, which shows that higher temperature difference prevailing during the expansion stroke could be the major reason for the higher brake thermal efficiency in the case of B20 with silicon oxide 100ppm of fuel blend. The presence of oxygen in the Cotton seed biodiesel and the better mixing capabilities of the nanoparticles, reduce the CO and UBHC appreciably, though there is a small reduce in NOx at full load condition

D-Homothetically Deformed K-Contact Ricci almost Solitons

If a K-contact manifold (M, g) and a D-homothetically deformed K-contact manifold (M,g¯)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$(M,{\bar{g}})$$\end{document} are both Ricci almost solitons with the same associated vector field V, then we show (i) that (M, g) and (M,g¯\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$M, {\bar{g}}$$\end{document}) are both D-homothetically fixed η\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$\eta$$\end{document}-Einstein Ricci solitons, and (ii) V preserves \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$\phi$$\end{document}. We also show that, if the associated vector field V of a complete K-contact Ricci almost soliton (M, g, V) is a projective vector field, then V is Killing and (M, g) is compact Sasakian and shrinking. Finally, we show that the divergence of any vector field is invariant under a D-homothetic deformation