Effect of Plant Geometry and Nutrient Inputs from Organic and Inorganic Sources on the Growth and Yield Attributes of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Eastern U.P.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple food of the Indian population. The presentstudy was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University ofAgriculture and Technology, Kumar Ganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, on silty loam soil during2023–24 and 2024–25 to study the productivity of rice

THE EDUCATIONAL IMPACT OF CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION AND THE NEED OF EARLY IDENTIFICATION

Background: Ten to twenty percent of kids and teens have mental health issues. Attention deficits,cognitive problems, low motivation, and depression hinder academic progress. It's sometimesunclear how psychologists affect kids' mental development and what school therapies and preventionefforts work.Methods: The foundation of this brief statement is the systematic reviews, meta-analyses, andrandomized and non-randomized controlled trials found through a selective search in the PubMedand Google Scholar databases—ScienceDirect, Elsevier, ResearchGate, and others.Results: Impulsive conduct, a lack of focus, and hyperactivity in the motor areas are the hallmarksof this disorder. Depression affects 4-5% of children and adolescents, with a double prevalencethat of males compared to girls. Learning impairments, including dyslexia and dyscalculia, impact4-6% of children. Repeated grades, chronic absenteeism, and dropping out of school are allassociated with mental health issues. Incorporating evidence- based school programs and makingadjustments to the school environment can reduce the likelihood of students developinginternalizing or externalizing mental health problems.Conclusion: Doctors, school social workers, and psychologists must help educators identify andaddress mental health issues in their students to quickly identify school stressors and implementnecessary interventions. School-entrance tests and risk factor testing can help. Schools mustimplement evidence-based preventative activities and enhance the school climate

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL TABLETS USING CADAMBA (ANTHOCEPHALUS CADAMBA)

The Cadamba is one of the important medicinal plants belonging to the Rubiaceae family. It is crucially significant as it has the largest number of phytochemicals and secondary metabolites having pharmacological and biological properties.It is extremely important since it contains the most phytochemicals and secondary metabolites with pharmacological and biological qualities, such as cadambagenic acid, cadamine, quinovic acid, β-sitosterol, cadambine, etc. It can be helpful in the development of different disease-curing and preventative medicines worldwide. The alchoholic and aqueous extract of this plant showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity against almost all the organisms, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli etc. In this context, antimicrobial potential. A cadamba against a wide range of microorganisms was studied. To validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied, besides antioxidant activity to understand the mechanism of wound healing

Integrative Analysis of genetic parameters and traits associated for enhancing Grain yield in Bread Wheat

The present study assessed genetic variability, heritability, and trait associations across ten agronomic traits in a crop breeding population. Analysis of variance revealed significant genetic differences for key traits such as grain yield, spike length, and 1000-grain weight, while block effects were non-significant, confirming experimental reliability. High heritability and genetic advance for grain yield, biological yield, and seed weight indicate strong potential for selection. Correlation and path analysis highlighted positive relationships between grain yield and traits like biomass, tiller number, and seed size, while delayed flowering and maturity negatively affected yield. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) further simplified trait variability, with the first three components explaining over 69% of the total variation, identifying biomass and yield-related traits as major contributors. These results emphasize the importance of early flowering, efficient biomass partitioning, and tillering in yield improvement. The findings offer valuable insights for breeders aiming to enhance productivity through a targeted selection of high-heritability traits

Genotypic Profiling and Tailored Therapeutic Strategies for Enhanced Management of Endodontic Infections

Background: Persistent endodontic infections involving bacteria such as Staphy- lococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella enterica present signifi- cant treatment challenges due to microbial diversity and resistance complexities within the root canal system. Traditional diagnostic methods often lack the preci- sion needed to identify specific strains and understand their pathogenic potential, which limits the effectiveness of treatment.Aims and Objectives: This study aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy in endodontic infections by utilizing advanced genotypic identification through high- resolution metagenomic sequencing. It also seeks to develop a genotype-specific treatment protocol that integrates molecular data to guide precise, personalized antimicrobial therapies for improved clinical outcomes.Materials and Methods: Infected tissue samples from clinical cases were sub- jected to metagenomic sequencing, focusing on the 16S rRNA gene to identify bacterial strains. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to assess evolutionary relationships and detect genetic markers associated with pathogenicity and resis- tance. Based on genotypic data, a tailored treatment protocol was formulated to match the specific microbial composition of each infection.Results: The genotypic analysis revealed distinct genetic markers linked to virulence and resistance across the bacterial isolates, which enabled precise identification of pathogens at the species level. The tailored treatment proto- col, informed by the genotypic profile of each infection, demonstrated potential to optimize pathogen eradication and reduce recurrence rates, thus improving patient outcomes.Conclusion: This study highlights the value of molecular diagnostics in enhanc- ing diagnostic precision and enabling genotype-guided therapies for endodontic infections. By integrating comprehensive genotypic data into treatment plan- ning, clinicians can adopt individualized approaches that improve efficacy, reduce treatment failures, and optimize patient recovery in complex endodontic cases

Nanoparticle-Mediated T-Cell Drug Delivery: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Cancer Therapy

Worldwide, cancer is a major cause of death, and solid tumors represent unique challenges for treatment success. Although T-cell-based immunotherapies have enjoyed some success in hematological malignancies with CAR T cells and T-cell receptor-engineered therapies, they have limited efficacy against solid tumors because of poor tumor infiltration, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME), and antigen heterogeneity. Nanomedicine provides an excellent opportunity to overcome these barriers by enhancing T-cell functionality and achieving targeted delivery of drugs. With controlled release, this type of drug delivery system provides an improved pharmacokinetic profile with selective tumor-targeted delivery while minimizing systemic toxicity. In addition, T-cell-conjugated nanoparticles can enhance immune cell infiltration, modulate TME, and improve the persistence and activity of adoptive T-cell therapies. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent advances of T-cell drug delivery by nanoparticles to optimize T-cell therapy by enhancing tumor penetration and relieving immune suppression while increasing therapeutic efficacy. A special focus is also given to their applications in treating CNS tumors, where standard therapy faces added challenges instituted by the blood-brain barrier. This would reciprocally present an opportunity to synergize nanotherapy-T-cell therapy combinations toward improving therapeutic gains in solid tumors while expanding the applicability of immunotherapy in oncology

The Role of Phytochemicals in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide health danger because it makes many typical antibiotics less effective. The public health emergency stemming from resistant pathogens requires new and additional approaches for treatment. Plants produce bioactive compounds known as phytochemicals that show great potential against microorganisms because of their multiple chemical arrangements along with broad antimicrobial effect. Phytochemicals demonstrate resistance-blocking behaviours through their ability to damage microbial membranes as well as their effectiveness against biofilm development and their control of efflux pumps and their capacity to boost standard antibiotic effects. This examination details the primary groups of phytochemical substances showing antimicrobial potential namely alkaloids and flavonoids and terpenoids and phenolics and tannins while discussing their methods of combating multidrug-resistant organisms. The review explores preclinical and clinical evaluation findings that demonstrate phytochemical effectiveness as well as the use of phytochemical combinations in therapy and technical obstacles in their drug advancement. Learning how phytochemicals interact with resistant microbes will enable the development of plant-derived solutions to combat antimicrobial resistance in medical practice

EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAMME ABOUT KNOWLEDGE ON PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN A SELECTED COLLEGE AT COIMBATORE

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a leading micronutrient deficiency globally, particularly prevalent among adolescent girls due to increased physiological demands and poor dietary practices. Educational interventions, especially multimedia-based programs, have shown promise in improving awareness and management of IDA. Aim:To evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Education Programme on knowledge regarding the prevention and management of iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls in a selected college in Coimbatore. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was employed among 90 adolescent girls aged 17–19 years, selected through simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire assessed knowledge before and after a Health education Programme conducted over five days. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and chi-square test, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Post-intervention findings revealed that 66.6% of participants demonstrated good knowledge, compared to lower levels prior to the intervention. The mean knowledge score improved from 2.5 (pre-test) to 3.5 (post-test), with a statistically significant paired t-value of 9.434 (p < 0.001), confirming the effectiveness of the educational program. Conclusion: The study highlights the positive impact of structured Health Education Programmes in enhancing knowledge related to IDA among adolescent girls. Integration of such interventions into school health systems may serve as an effective strategy to combat IDA at the community level

IN-SILICO ANALYSIS OF CURCUMINOIDS' CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AGAINST CANCER CELL LINES USING CLC-PRED 2.0

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with drug resistance and adverse effects posing significant therapeutic challenges. Natural compounds from medicinal plants offer promising alternatives due to their potential effectiveness and lower toxicity profiles. This study employs CLC-Pred (Cell Line Cytotoxicity Predictor) 2.0 to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of four major curcuminoids from Curcuma longa against various cancer cell lines. The computational analysis assessed probability of activity (Pa) and inactivity (Pi) for curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and cyclocurcumin, with integrated assessment potential (IAP) values ranging from 0.802 to 0.907. Notably, bisdemethoxycurcumin showed high predicted activity against cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma (A2780cisR, Pa=0.919) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC4, Pa=0.820). Cyclocurcumin demonstrated broad-spectrum activity across multiple cancer types, including breast carcinoma (MCF7, Pa=0.742), and various cell lines representing lung, brain, and ovarian cancers. Curcumin and demethoxycurcumin also exhibited promising activity against several cancer cell lines, particularly in ovarian and renal carcinomas, with Pa values above 0.600. This computational study provides valuable insights into curcuminoids' anticancer properties and identifies promising targets for future experimental validation, particularly in drug-resistant cancers where conventional treatments often fail

Population Dynamics of Brinjal Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) and Jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) and Their Correlation with Abiotic Factors

An investigation was carried out to study the population dynamics of brinjal whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) and jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) and their relation to abiotic parameter in simple plots with at a local farm in the Jodhpur region in Rajasthan, which is situated at an altitude of 26°13 N and a longitude of 73°04 E. The brinjal variety MEBH -10 was cultivated in simple plot during the summer season 2023. During the crop season the jassid and whitefly population was recorded first on fourth week of April and reached to its peak (15.50 jassids/6leaf and 15.50 whiteflies/6leaf) during the third & first week of June, when the mean temperature and relative humidity ranged from 19 °C to 46 °C and 18 to 98 per cent, respectively. The jassids shows positive correlation with maximum temperature, relative humidity, minimum temperature and rainfall. The whiteflies showed positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall