Therapeutic applications, nutritional composition, and their future perspectives of wild mushrooms

Considering the current situation, relatively little research has been conducted on wild mushrooms to date. Many species of wild mushrooms are found in nature. Discovering new species of these hidden mushrooms, properly identifying them, exploring new compounds hidden in them, and writing new literature would be novel research in the future. In this way, the properties and diversity of wild mushrooms can be further explored. Wild mushrooms can be a valuable new source of pharmacologically active substances, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals, which could be exploited for diverse medical applications in the future, particularly those requiring accurate pharmacogenetic fingerprints. The purpose of the present review study is to compile the information on wild mushrooms discovered by our scientists and researchers from different places and to discuss their medicinal and nutraceutical properties. So accurate data and guidance can be obtained in future research work

Analysis of uncertainty of rice farming income in Subak Munggu, Cempaga Village, Bangli Regency

Indonesia is a fertile country with a tropical climate, which makes it a country with great potential to produce commodities in the agricultural sector. Farming is defined as a business in the agricultural sector (food, horticulture, ornamental crops, plantations, fisheries, forestry, and livestock). The population in this study is all farmers who are members of Subak Munggu, where the sample was deliberately determined through a census of 70 farmers. To analyze income uncertainty, production and income value data are needed, then measure the spread of risk using a quantitative approach that can be calculated using the expected yield value as an indicator of the probability of investment and the variety and standard deviation measures as risk indicators. The higher the value of the coefficient of variation, the higher the risk to a farm, and vice versa. So, it can be said that the farmer who has the highest coefficient of variation is the riskiest. The lower limit of the highest yield or the upper limit of income is the lowest nominal value of the income that the farmer may receive. If the value is less than zero, then it is likely that the farmer will suffer losses

Utilization pattern of production results of sustainable food yard program activities (P2L) in maintaining household food security in KWT Pangansari

Community welfare is largely determined by household food security. Through the sustainable food yard (P2L) program, it is hoped that it can maintain household food security. The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of utilization of the results of the P2L program. The location of the study was in the KWT Pangansari in Dusun Cengkilung, Penguyangan Village, North Denpasar District, Denpasar City. Respondents were determined by census as many as 25 people who were members of the KWT Pangansari. Data collection was carried out through structured, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, qualitatively, and quantitatively. The results of the study showed that the average age of respondents was 46.68 years, and the average education was 10.2 years, which was equivalent to high school. The pattern of utilization of the results of the P2L program production for consumption was 49.4%, commercialized 41% and socialized 9.6%. The development pattern of the P2L Program in maintaining the sustainability of the P2L Program is characterized by the characteristics of group members and the knowledge of KWT members, which is relatively high regarding the P2L program, and the pattern of utilization of production results,,

Supply chain process structure diagram for processing unit of Arabica Coffee Kintamani Bali

Supply Chain Operational Reference (SCOR) is an approach that can be used to map processes in the supply chain. Process mapping is very useful for understanding the flow of products, money and information. Process mapping can make it easier to evaluate supply chain management weaknesses. This paper aims to map the process flow using the SCOR approach at the Kintamani Bali Arabica coffee processing unit. SCOR contains a structured hierarchy of goods, money and information flow processes which are described in three levels. Level 1 in the supply chain of the Kintamani Bali Arabica coffee processing unit describes the implementation of the planning process, source, make, and delivery. Level 2 shows the process category which consists of two process categories based on stock for processing fresh coffee and based on order-based processes for processing green bean, roasted and ground coffee. Level 3 shows the stages of process elements in each category. This level starts from the entire supply chain planning process stage, to the customer order delivery process stage. The results of this paper describe the structure of the SCOR model at the Kintamani Bali Arabica coffee processing unit connecting all interrelated product, money and information flow processes

Comprehensive analysis of adrenal crisis management: Emergency and paramedic interventions in acute endocrine emergencies

Background: Adrenal crisis, also known as Addisonian crisis, is a life-threatening emergency caused by acute adrenal insufficiency, which can result from various factors including autoimmune adrenalitis, infections, physical trauma, and sudden discontinuation of glucocorticoid treatment. The condition is associated with significant mortality rates and rapid clinical deterioration if not promptly treated. Early recognition and immediate intervention are essential for improving patient outcomes. This article explores the management of adrenal crisis in emergency medical settings, focusing on paramedic interventions. Aim: This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the clinical management of adrenal crisis, with a particular focus on the role of paramedics and emergency medical services (EMS) in early intervention and patient stabilization. Methods: A review of current literature on adrenal crisis was conducted, with emphasis on the pathophysiology, precipitating factors, clinical features, and emergency management strategies. Key interventions by paramedics, including fluid resuscitation, administration of hydrocortisone, and supportive care, were examined. Results: The study found that prompt administration of parenteral glucocorticoids, particularly hydrocortisone, significantly improves survival rates. Paramedics play a crucial role in early diagnosis, stabilization, and rapid transportation to healthcare facilities.&nbsp

Relationship between farmer knowledge and porang farming income

Recently, the area where Porang is planted has become more and more widespread in the Bali region because it is increasingly in demand among farmers. Based on 2021 data, the planting area of Porang plants in Bali has reached 974 hectares spread throughout Bali. The income promised from this farming business is certainly very profitable for farmers, but of course as a new commodity, Porang farmers face various risks in cultivating it. This research data analyzed quantitatively to find out the amount of income and how it relates to the knowledge of Porang farmers. The population is 200 farmers who are members of the Bali Porang Farmers Association (P3B), 15% of the sample was taken, namely 30 Porang farmers. Farmer's knowledge is everything that farmers know regarding activities regarding the Porang plant and also business opportunities or employment opportunities for farmers. Knowledge is an aspect of behavior that is mainly related to the ability to remember material that has been studied. Farming income is the difference between the farming income obtained and the total farming expenditure

Marketing of red rice varieties in Subak Jatiluwih

Jatiluwih Village does not have a large area but is known to be a major producer of brown rice whose marketing has penetrated the international market. The success of Subak Jatiluwih brown rice production is inseparable from the existence of efficient marketing channels. Marketing channels can determine the level of income received by farmers. This study aims to determine the pattern of brown rice marketing channels and analyze the efficiency of brown rice marketing channels in Subak Jatiluwih Penebel District, Tabanan Regency. The methods used in this study were marketing channel analysis, market structure analysis, and marketing efficiency analysis (marketing margin and farmer's share). The research respondents totaled 98 people consisting of 84 farmers (using the Slovin formula) and 14 traders (using the snowball sampling method). Marketing institutions involved in the marketing of brown rice in Subak Jatiluwih Penebel Sub-district, Tabanan Regency are village-level intermediary traders as many as nine people, and retail traders as many as five people. The results of the study there are three marketing channels. The marketing structure of brown rice in Subak Jatiluwih District Penebel Tabanan Regency at the farm level leads to a medium concentration oligopoly market structure

Behavior of KWT Jaya Kerti Lestari members towards sustainable food garden program in maintaining household food

This research aims to describe the behavior of KWT members towards the P2L Program in maintaining community household resilience, determine the acceptance of the P2L program by KWT members and determine the characteristics of KWT Jaya Kerti Lestari members located in Rendang Village, Rendang District, Karangasem Regency. The total number of KWT members is 40 people, all of whom are used as respondents determined by census. Research data was collected using structured and in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the research show, (1) the characteristics of the respondents include, an average age of 55.09 years, average education of 6.05 years equivalent to completing elementary school, average household responsibility of 3 people, average ownership of a yard area of 4.80 acres, the dominant main occupation is farmer and on the side as a trader. (2) The behavior of KWT members towards the P2L program is classified as high with a relatively high level of knowledge, an attitude classified as agreeable, and the level of implementation of the P2L program is also relatively high.&nbsp

Chemical quality, antioxidant capacity and physical quality of broiler meat given mangosteen rip extract (Garcinia Mangostana L.)

This study aimed to observe the chemical quality, antioxidant capacity, and physical quality of broiler meat given mangosteen rind extract in drinking water. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The four treatments were: P0 (drinking water without mangosteen rind extract as a control), P1 (1% mangosteen rind extract in drinking water), P2 (2% mangosteen rind extract in drinking water), and P3 (3% mangosteen rind extract in drinking water). The variables observed were chemical quality, antioxidant capacity of meat, and physical quality of meat. The results showed that giving 1%, 2%, and 3% mangosteen rind extract through drinking water on the chemical quality of meat showed a significant difference (P <0.05) in protein and fat content, as well as in the antioxidant capacity of meat. The physical quality of meat showed a significant difference (P <0.05) in the value of water binding capacity, cooking loss, and raw loss. This study concludes that the administration of mangosteen peel extract to broiler chicken drinking water increases meat protein levels, reduces fat levels, and increases meat antioxidant capacity.&nbsp

Information communication technology training design for agricultural extension workers in the industrial revolution 4.0 in Bali Province

Agricultural productivity is closely related to farmer behavior that supports productivity and can be developed by providing the necessary agricultural innovation information. Communication of agricultural innovations in extension can utilize software and hardware based on information and communication technology (ICT). The purpose of this study was to analyze extension workers' responses to ICT developments, the training materials needed, and design training designs to increase extension workers' competence. The research was designed using a survey method. Respondents were determined by random sampling obtained through a structured interview technique using an online instrument with the Google Form format. The data were processed using cross-tabulation techniques and analyzed using descriptive methods. Validation of the training design through a focus group discussion approach. The results showed that: (1) the response of extension workers to the development of information and communication technology was quite good; (2) training materials for increasing the competency of extension workers include digital-based ICT operations, making digital extension materials, digital-based ICT operational principles, and assembling digital-based ICT devices. (3) ICT training design is a series of detailed and sequential activities from preparation to identifying training needs, implementation, evaluation, and finally design reconstruction