セルラーオートマトン法を用いた固相域における結晶粒成長シミュレーションに関する研究

doctoral thesi

Development of Novel Modified Nucleic Acids for the Functional Enhancement of Small- and Medium-Size Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

doctoral thesi

Unsteady flow field behind levitated short-finite circular cylinder with angle of attack

Flow field in the near wake of a short-finite circular cylinder at L/D=1.0 with an angle of attack between 0∘–15∘, where the transition from the non-reattaching flow to the reattaching flow appears, is investigated in wind tunnel tests with a supportless condition. Stereo particle image velocimetry measurements were applied to the experiments at the Reynolds number of 3.46×10^4, and velocity fields in the near wake were obtained. The data was mainly analysed using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition. Characteristic large-scale wake structures of recirculation bubble pumping and large-scale vortex shedding were identified in the near wake of the cylinder regardless of the angle of attack. The phase difference of expansion and contraction of the recirculation flow appears in the recirculation bubble pumping at α≠0∘. On the other hand, the eigenfunctions of velocity fluctuations at the vortex shedding frequency show a similar spatial pattern regardless of α. Frequency analyses of wake position calculated from the reconstructed velocity field clarified that peak frequency is different between two in-plane directions when α≠0∘. In addition, three vortex shedding patterns (anticlockwise/clockwise circular and flapping) are identified not only at α=0∘ but also α≠0∘. The feature of wake position in the radial direction for each pattern is observed regardless of the angle of attack. The relationship between the recirculation bubble pumping and the wake position in the radial direction is apparent in the non-reattaching flow but is weaker with α in the reattaching flow.journal articl

Temporal changes in transcutaneous hemoglobin levels and their influencing factors in postpartum women: a longitudinal study

This study aimed to clarify the temporal changes in transcutaneous hemoglobin levels up to 1 month postpartum and the influencing factors in postpartum women using a noninvasive transcutaneous hemoglobin measuring device. The study participants were pregnant women recruited at an outpatient clinic. We collected information on their dietary history using a concise self-administered questionnaire and an agreement document when they were hospitalized for delivery. Transcutaneous hemoglobin levels of the mothers were measured using Pronto (Masimo) at 1 day, 4 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month postpartum. We included 135 mothers (mean age, 31.7 years) who delivered at full term. The mean transcutaneous hemoglobin levels decreased slightly from day 1 (11.9 ± 1.6 g/dL) to day 4 postpartum (11.8 ± 1.7 g/dL), followed by a significant increase from day 4 to 2 weeks postpartum (13.8 ± 1.0 g/dL; p < 0.01), and no change from 2 weeks to 1 month postpartum (13.8 ± 0.9 g/dL). Iron intake in the third trimester of pregnancy affected transcutaneous hemoglobin levels from day 4 postpartum to recovery by 2 weeks postpartum. The rapid increase in hemoglobin levels from day 4 to 2 weeks postpartum was a novel finding. Evaluation of hemoglobin levels in women at 2 weeks postpartum is important for postpartum recovery. Furthermore, health guidance regarding iron intake in the third trimester of pregnancy has been suggested to be effective in restoring postpartum hemoglobin levels.departmental bulletin pape

Myonectin stimulates endothelial angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo

Endurance exercise is known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Myonectin, a myokine, is increased by endurance exercise and affects remote organs such as the heart. However, the role of myonectin in the blood vessels is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of myonectin in angiogenesis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with recombinant myonectin to assess tube formation, proliferation, and migration. An in vivo Matrigel plug assay was performed by transplanting Matrigel containing myonectin into myonectin-knockout (Myo-KO) mice, and angiogenic response was evaluated. Mouse models of hindlimb ischemia were developed by ligating and removing the femoral arteries of wild-type (WT), Myo-KO, and myonectin-overexpressing transgenic (Myo-TG) mice, and blood flow was evaluated over time by laser Doppler imaging. In vitro, treatment with myonectin increased the differentiation of HUVECs into vascular-like structures. Myonectin significantly stimulated HUVEC migration, as assessed using a modified Boyden chamber assay. Treatment with myonectin also increased HUVEC proliferation, as assessed by the MTS assay. In the Matrigel plug assay, plugs containing myonectin displayed a significantly higher-degree of endothelial cell infiltration than plugs containing vehicle. Angiogenic repair of ischemic hindlimbs was impaired in Myo-KO mice compared to that in WT mice. However, Myo-TG mice had significantly increased limb perfusion after ischemic surgery compared to that in WT mice. This study showed that myonectin acts directly on vascular endothelial cells and promotes angiogenesis. Treatment aimed at increasing myonectin production may be useful in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with vascular dysfunction.departmental bulletin pape

A case of innominate artery aneurysm in a pregnant woman treated by endovascular stent grafting

Innominate artery aneurysms are rare, accounting for only 0.26% of all aneurysms. Although usually asymptomatic, they carry a significant risk of rupture, which can be fatal, making timely diagnosis and treatment essential. There is limited literature on the management of innominate artery aneurysms during pregnancy, and no established treatment guidelines exist. In this case, a 42-year-old multigravida woman was diagnosed with an innominate artery aneurysm four years prior to pregnancy. Genetic panel testing ruled out inherited connective tissue disorders, including Marfan syndrome. The aneurysm measured 24 × 36 mm and possessed a saccular configuration. At 23 weeks of gestation, due to the high risk of rupture, the patient underwent successful endovascular stent grafting without complications. Later, the patient developed preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction, necessitating an emergency cesarean section at 33 weeks. A female infant was delivered, and both mother and neonate were discharged without further complications. Open surgical intervention with cardiopulmonary bypass is the standard therapeutic approach for innominate artery aneurysms. However, maternal and fetal mortality rates associated with cardiopulmonary bypass during pregnancy are high. This case suggests that although innominate artery aneurysms during pregnancy are exceedingly rare, endovascular repair with stent grafting may be a viable treatment option to avoid the serious maternal and fetal risks associated with aneurysm rupture or open surgical repair.departmental bulletin pape

東京都のESAT-J 導入の経緯 : 学習指導要領と評価項目の整合性に注目して

英語民間試験導入が断念された理由の1つとして、学習指導要領とテストの評価項目の整合性の問題がある。一方で都立高校入試の一環として実施されているESAT-Jは、その問題を解消し導入されている。それゆえ本稿では、東京都では（1）ESAT-Jと学習指導要領との整合性、（2）ESAT-Jのテストの評価項目についてどのように議論されたのかを、公開されている議事録と資料を中心に調査した。調査の結果、（1）ESAT-Jでは、当時の「英語民間試験に丸投げ」する大学入試の流れが、高校入試にも波及していくのではないかという懸念が会議の中で示されたため、学習指導要領の内容と整合性のある独自のテスト作成に至ったことが示された。（2）評価項目についても、あくまで日本で英語教育を受けてきた生徒を評価するために作成していたことが示された。そのため本稿は、英語民間試験導入を再度検討する際には、ESAT-Jの議論を参照すべきであると示した。departmental bulletin pape

精神分析研究の実践 : こころのフィールドワーク

令和6年度コロキウム発表要旨departmental bulletin pape

2024年度JICA課題別研修「アフリカ地域稲作振興のための中核的農学研究者の育成」実施報告

departmental bulletin pape

太平洋最北端のアリューシャン列島海域の海洋炭素リザーバー効果の評価と海産物試料の暦年較正

To analyze important and substantial contributions of ancient Aleut peoples on the migration from the old land, Siberia, to the new land, American continent, just at the ending stage of the last glacial period, we are planning to set up a chronology of early Aleut settlements in the Aleutian archipelago by radiocarbon dating. Based on the accurate ages of terrestrial (plant residue) and oceanic (shell fossil) remains that were excavated for the archaeological sites on the Aleutians, we need to certificate the evidences of early Aleut settlements. To evaluate reliable historical age of the archeological remains, radiocarbon ages obtained must be calibrated to calendar year with a reliable method. 14C age of terrestrial sample is calibrated with IntCal20. That of marine residue with Marine20, with a local marine reservoir correction value (ΔR), estimated in advance for the particular ocean area. Thus, the radiocarbon ages of oceanic samples (shell fossil) must be analyzed carefully in the course of calibration, from 14C ages to calendar dates of the samples, because the initial radiocarbon contents of oceanic samples fluctuate considerably dependent on the ocean area where the samples were born and grown up. We therefore organized that in analyzing radiocarbon ages of oceanic samples from the Aleutians, we in advance tested the apparent radiocarbon age differences between terrestrial (plant residue) and oceanic (shell fossil) samples that were formed at the same period in the Aleutian area. The present research is an attempt for establishing a method to obtain accurate calendar ages and finally the robust chronology of the archeological sites on the Aleutians.departmental bulletin pape