The Influence of Exports, Imports, and Domestic Investment on Inflation Control in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effect of exports, imports, and domestic investment on the inflation rate in Indonesia in the short and long term. The data used is secondary data for the period 1992-2021. The analysis method used is the auto regressive distributed lag model. The results of this study indicate that in the short term, the inflation rate in Indonesia is influenced by the previous year’s inflation, exports and exports the last year, imports the prior year, and investments the previous year. Meanwhile, in the long term, investment has a significant effect on the inflation rate, but exports and imports are not important

The Effect of Phosphogypsum on Reducing CO2, CH4, and NH3 Emissions During Composting of Cattle Feedlot Manure: Comparing Aerobic and Anaerobic Composting

Phosphogypsum (PG) amendments have been explored as a strategy to enhance composting efficiency while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen losses. This study investigated the effects of PG at different concentrations (3%, 8%, and 15%) on cattle manure composting under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions over a 14-day period. The results indicate that PG significantly influenced gas emissions, nitrogen transformation, and compost maturity. Under aerobic conditions, CO₂ emissions increased rapidly during the initial phase, reflecting active microbial respiration, whereas anaerobic composting exhibited lower CO₂ emissions, indicating slower decomposition. Methane (CH4) emissions were significantly reduced with PG, with complete suppression at 8% and 15% PG under anaerobic conditions, likely due to competition between sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens. Ammonia (NH₃) emissions also decreased with increasing PG levels in both systems, suggesting improved nitrogen retention through ammonium adsorption and pH regulation. However, compost maturity was delayed in PG-treated samples, as indicated by lower NO₃⁻-N accumulation and prolonged ammonium presence. These findings suggest that PG amendments can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance nitrogen retention, making them a viable strategy for sustainable manure management. However, longer composting durations or optimized aeration strategies may be necessary to achieve full stabilization. Future research should explore the longterm impacts of PG-enriched compost on soil health and plant growth to maximize its agronomic potential

Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Their Potential Targeting for Treatment of Ocular Posterior Segment Fibrosis

Treatment of posterior segment fibrosis is an unmet challenge in ophthalmology. Fibrotic responses complicate the pathology and treatment of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, and other retinal diseases resulting in severe visual impairment. There is a lack of clear understanding of the exact mechanisms and different cell types taking part in retinal and preretinal fibrosis. This review discusses the current knowledge regarding various aspects of the intracellular signaling pathways impacting vitreoretinal fibrotic processes, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms, summarizing the results of preclinical and clinical studies, and suggesting strategies for future investigations

A Hybrid Transformers-based Convolutional Neural Network Model for Keratoconus Detection in Scheimpflug-based Dynamic Corneal Deformation Videos

Purpose: To assess the performance of a hybrid Transformer-based convolutional neural network (CNN) model for automated detection of keratoconus in stand-alone Scheimpflug-based dynamic corneal deformation videos (DCDVs). Methods: We used transfer learning for feature extraction from DCDVs. These feature maps were augmented by self-attention to model long-range dependencies before classification to identify keratoconus directly. Model performance was evaluated by objective accuracy metrics based on DCDVs from two independent cohorts with 275 and 546 subjects. Results: The model’s sensitivity and specificity in detecting keratoconus were 93% and 84%, respectively. The AUC of the keratoconus probability score based on the external validation database was 0.97. Conclusion: The hybrid Transformer-based model was highly sensitive and specific in discriminating normal from keratoconic eyes using DCDV(s) at levels that may prove useful in clinical practice

Understanding the Impact of Green Perceived Value on Purchase Intentions Through Green Satisfaction: Literature Review

Perceived value refers to consumers’ evaluation of the benefits gained from goods or services, particularly those that align with environmental sustainability. While green purchase intention is becoming increasingly important in consumers’ daily choices, relatively few companies have developed environmentally friendly products. Green purchase intention reflects consumers’ willingness to buy eco-friendly products, considering not only product quality but also the environmental impact of their use. Given inconsistencies in previous research, this study explores the potential relationship between green value perception, green satisfaction, and green purchase intention. The literature review aims to examine the influence of green value perception and green satisfaction on purchase intention and to offer theoretical insights into their relationship. The findings are intended to serve as a reference and guide for future researchers, helping to refine research approaches and address existing limitations. The study used a literature review methodology by collecting and analyzing a range of sources, including journal articles, books, and conference proceedings

Toward Adaptive Organizational Dynamics: Examining the Influence of Authentic Leadership and Organizational Culture on Organizational Learning and Readiness for Change

This study aims to investigate and evaluate the direct effects of organizational culture, organizational learning, and authentic leadership on readiness for change, as well as indirect effects of organizational culture and authentic leadership of readiness for change through organizational learning. The population of this study consists of 555 employees at PT Pupuk Is-kandar Muda (PIM), with a sample size of 240 selected using stratified proportional random sampling, a probability sampling method. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 6.0 software. The findings revealed significant positive relationships between organizational culture, organizational learning, and readiness for change. However, the study also found a non-significant direct relationship between authentic leadership and readiness for change, suggesting that additional factors may influence employees’ willingness to embrace organizational changes. This study contributes valuable insights to the existing body of knowledge regarding the connections among readiness for change, organizational culture, organizational learning, and authentic leadership

Financial Literacy, Credit Access, and Financial Decision-making: An Integrated Framework for Micro-enterprises

Micro-level businesses function as essential components of worldwide economic development, particularly in developing nations. This systematic literature analysis investigates the interrelationship between financial literacy, credit access, and financing decisions in micro-scale enterprises through the establishment of an integrated theoretical framework. Through analysis of literature from 2018 to 2024 using the Scopus database, 13 relevant studies were selected from 219 articles after quality assessment. The study integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior as grand theory, with Behavioral Finance Theory, Signaling Theory, and Pecking Order Theory as bridge theories. The findings reveal that financial literacy positively influences both credit access and financial decision-making, with credit access serving as a mediating mechanism. The study contributes theoretically by extending these theories in micro-enterprise contexts and demonstrating how financial literacy functions as a signaling mechanism. This review offers both theoretical advancement through novel integration and practical insights for policymakers to design effective financial literacy programs and credit access mechanisms, supporting micro-enterprise success

Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns, and Associated Factors in Wound Infection Patients at Wad Medani, Sudan: A Four-year, Laboratory-based, Retrospective, Cross-sectional Study

Background: Wound infections increase the risk of disarticulation and amputation and have significant economic repercussions. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the bacterial profiles of wound infections, patterns of antibiotic resistance, and associated factors. Methods: This was a laboratory-based, retrospective, cross-sectional study. The study included all wound specimens for culture and drug sensitivity that were routinely obtained for diagnostic purposes at the Pathology Center for Diagnosis and Research (PCDR), University of Gezira, Sudan, from January 1, 2020, to October 15, 2023. Data were manually collected from the registries (a paper-based record) of the PCDR. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27.0. Results: Overall, 642 wound specimens were investigated, with 450 (70.1%) cultures positive for bacterial growth. A total of 230 (51.1%) male patients had positive wound cultures. Among those with positive growth, 291(64.7%) were gram-negative bacteria (GNB) (95% CI; P-value 0.332). The most commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus 147 (32.7%) and Escherichia coli 145 (32.2%). Vancomycin 93.3% (43/45) and linezolid 83.7% (82/98) were the drugs most susceptible to gram-positive bacteria (GPB), while amikacin 88.7% (228/257) and gentamicin 70.6% (108/153) were the most susceptible to GNB. Univariate logistic regression revealed that only age (95% CI; P-value 0.004) had a statistical association with wound culture growth. Conclusion: This study reported a high rate of bacterial growth. The most frequently isolated bacteria were S. aureus and E. coli. The drugs that showed the highest susceptibility to GPB were vancomycin and linezolid, while amikacin and gentamicin were the most effective against GNB. Age had a statistically significant association with wound culture growth. The high resistance rate of isolated bacteria, particularly GNB, necessitates immediate and significant modifications to their antimicrobial prescription policy for safe, rational, and effective antimicrobial administration. Additionally, antimicrobial agents should be used based on the susceptibility of specific microorganisms

The Role of Technology Acceptance Model on Impulsive Buying

The use of e-commerce and PayLater features has grown rapidly in Indonesia, particularly in Malang, a student-centered city where many young consumers rely on these platforms for daily transactions. However, this convenience comes with risks, most notably impulsive buying behavior that may negatively impact financial well-being. This research examines the influence of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude Toward Using, Behavioral Intention to Use, and Actual Use of the System on impulsive buying behavior among PayLater users in Malang. Employing a quantitative approach with an associative causal design, data were collected through surveys and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The F-test results indicate that the independent variables significantly influence impulsive buying behavior, while the T-test illustrates the individual effects of each variable. This study enhances our understanding of how the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) relates to impulsive buying behavior and provides insights for developing strategies to mitigate impulsivity and support the sustainable growth of e-commerce

Development Agency of Pancasila Ideology Policy Evaluation and Structural Design

This research examines the Pancasila Ideology Development Agency (BPIP’s) bureaucratic simplification process. Bureaucratic simplification has eliminated Echelons III and IV by altering their functions. The policy impacts broadly on organizational structure, design changes, performance, personnel, and the workplace. The study used a mixed method with a focus on qualitative approaches. Interviews, observations, questionnaires, and source triangulation were used to collect data and evaluate its validity. The research findings from the CIPP dimension show that the bureaucratic simplification agenda are still not performing well. It is acknowledged that some indicators related to its adoption are yet to produce favorable results. It is concerned with changes in the work system that each work unit has not fully recognized and adjusted. As a result, it is critical to strengthen the work system by formalizing the squad team system, increasing productivity, and establishing a clear division of tasks and authority among deputies, directorates, and functional groups. Deputies and directors encounter difficulties, in overseeing and directly managing job completion in functional roles since the middle line previously occupied by the head of the sub directorate and the head of the section has been eliminated. Furthermore, structural changes are required to shift the structural function of general administration from the Main Secretariat Unit to the Deputies and Directors in BPIP. It indicates that the functionalization and simplicity of bureaucracy still need organizational structures