金纳米棒自组装的研究进展

金纳米棒具有独特的光电性能,其自组装形成的功能组装体能够展现出更加优异的整体协同性能,在纳米材料科学和生物医学领域中有广泛而重要的应用前景.本文从诱导自组装各种驱动作用力的角度,综述了金纳米棒自组装的最新研究进展,具体内容包括:表面张力引发的自组装、化学作用驱动如静电作用或氢键作用等引发的自组装以及生物分子识别作用引发的自组装

Development of new method of molecular assembly: from assisted assembly to catassembly

分子组装是一种以分子(或分子以上层次的分子聚集体和纳米结构)作为基本单元构建新物质的主要手段。基于非共价键的动态可逆性，人们已通过分子组装制备了许多具有独特功能(如自修复材料、仿生学材料、智能分子机械等)的组装体。组装在材料和生物等领域给人们提供了一个有着无限潜力的研究工具，同时也与复杂性科学等前沿科学领域息息相关。目前分子组装的研究仍处于较为初级的“自组装”阶段，多数的人工组装系统在生命体系的复杂性与高效性面前相形见绌，故亟需提升人工系统效率和可控性。为提高组装过程的可控性，组装领域已经向发展成熟的化学合成领域学习发展了一些助组装方法，例如共组装和外场助组装等。但化学合成中最为重要的催化在组...Molecular assembly is a main route to functional materials by using molecules, molecular aggregates or molecule-modified nanoparticles as building blocks. Based on the constitutional dynamic reversibility of non-covalent bond, many complex materials with unique functions (such as self-healing materials, biomimetic materials, smart molecular devices, etc.) have been fabricated by molecular assembly...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_物理化学学号：2052011015372

HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白的表达及体外自组装

构建并表达HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白,探索其体外自组装条件。通过PCR技术扩增HIV-1(NL4-3毒株)CAP2NC基因片段,并将其连接到原核表达载体pTO-T7,获得重组质粒pTO-T7-CAP2NC,然后转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,经疏水层析纯化后获得重组蛋白CAP2NC。SDS-PAGE结果表明,重组蛋白CAP2NC可在大肠杆菌可溶高效表达,经纯化后纯度约为95%。ELISA检测表明重组蛋白CAP2NC可被HIV-1衣壳蛋白特异性单克隆抗体识别,具有较好反应活性。重组蛋白透析后在非原性SDS-PAGE中呈现为多种聚体形式。分子筛排阻层析分析CAP2NC蛋白透析后可进行组装,负染电镜进一步观察显示CAP2NC蛋白在RNA存在条件下,可形成空心管状颗粒,其形态结构与HIV-1病毒衣壳体外自组装形成的类似。上述结果表明HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白具有体外自组装的性质,为进一步在体外研究非成熟病毒样颗粒结构奠定基础。国家自然科学基金(Nos.81671645,81371818)资助~

Self-assembly Preparation and Properties of Microgel Materials

结构决定性能。从尺度角度来说，宏观材料的性能由分子尺度（~100nm）、纳米尺度（~101nm）和介观尺度（~102nm至mm量级）等多尺度结构协同决定。自组装是组装基元通过弱键相互作用自发地形成特定结构的过程，是创造新物质和产生新功能的重要手段。理解并阐明自组装规律，有助于实现分子尺度、纳米尺度和介观尺度等多尺度间的有效衔接，调控高分子材料的结构，进而达到优化高分子材料性能的目的。鉴于使用同一体系进行从分子尺度到纳米尺度再到介观尺度的多层次自组装研究的难度较大，本论文尝试构建多个高分子体系，分别探索自组装规律，为理解并阐明多层次自组装规律提供思路：我们从具有独特光学电学性质且受广泛关注的共轭...The structure of polymer materials determines their properties. That is to say, the properties of macroscopic materials are determined by the structure at the multiple length scales including molecular scale (~1 nm), nanoscale (~10 nm), mesoscale (~100 nm up to millimeter level) and so on. Self-assembly is the process by which individual components arrange themselves into a specific structure, whi...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_高分子化学与物理学号：2052014015396

An Electrochemical and STM study of Fluorosurfactant FSN Self-assembly on Gold Single Crystal Surfaces

固体表面有机分子的自组装是改变固体表面性质的有效方法，通过设计和选择组装分子，可以改善固体表面的各种性质，如润湿性、黏附性以及润滑性等。近年来，组装分子和固体表面之间的相互作用已经得到了广泛的研究，并且取得了很多重要的进展。然而，自组装膜自身的一些性质，如物理吸附自组装膜的不稳定，化学吸附自组装膜的缺陷结构，很大程度上影响着自组装膜的应用。 基于自组装重要的应用背景和基础研究的需要，人们越来越关注相关研究。为了深入理解组装分子之间的相关作用和分子与基底之间的相关作用对组装结构的影响，新组装体系无疑将起着重要作用。 非离子型氟表面活性剂具有很好的化学稳定性、热稳定性、以及高表面活性。本论文选...Surface self-assembly of organic molecules is an attractive way to functionalize solid surfaces. Scanning Tunneling microscopy is a powerful tool and has been wildly used in the investigation of SAMs. By designing and choosing different self-assembled molecules, surface with different properties such as wettability, adhesion, and lubricity can be obtained. In recent years, SAMs based on physically...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：2052006115198

Investigation on the synthesis and properties of Ni-Ag and Ni-Au binary nanoparticle superlattices

利用单分散纳米粒子形成三维有序结构或者超晶格结构的自组装功能材料已经成为材料研究领域中的一个重要方向。近年来，纳米粒子自组装已经从单组元组装向双组元甚至更高组元组装发展。通过合理调控纳米粒子的化学成分、大小和化学计量比，将不同性质的金属纳米粒子组装在一起，特别是双组元纳米粒子超晶格(BNSLs)的研究已是当前的研究热点之一。经过组装使得纳米粒子间相互耦合，得到不同于单种纳米材料的性能而出现更新颖的性质，从而在磁记录媒介、发光设备、生物标记、催化、太阳能电池等领域广泛应用。 本研究以单分散镍、银和金纳米粒子作为组装基元，对镍-银和镍-金双组元组装两个组装体系的制备、结构以及性能进行分析研究。文...Using monodisperse nanoparticles to form orderly three-dimensional structure or superlattice structure of self-assembled functional materials has become an important direction in the field of materials research. In recent years, the nanoparticle self-assembly has developed from single-component assembly to binary-component or multicomponent assembly. With precisely controlled chemical composition,...学位：工学硕士院系专业：材料学院_工程硕士(材料工程)学号：2072014115009

室内植物表型平台及性状鉴定研究进展和展望

Plant phenomics is under rapid development in recent years, a research field that is progressing towards integration, scalability, multi-perceptivity and high-throughput analysis. Through combining remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, computer vision, and artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning, relevant research methodologies, biological applications and theoretical foundation of this research domain have been advancing speedily in recent years. This article first introduces the current trends of plant phenomics and its related progress in China and worldwide. Then, it focuses on discussing the characteristics of indoor phenotyping and phenotypic traits that are suitable for indoor experiments, including yield, quality, and stress related traits such as drought, cold and heat resistance, salt stress, heavy metals, and pests. By connecting key phenotypic traits with important biological questions in yield production, crop quality and Stress-related tolerance, we associated indoor phenotyping hardware with relevant biological applications and their plant model systems, for which a range of indoor phenotyping devices and platforms are listed and categorised according to their throughput, sensor integration, platform size, and applications. Additionally, this article introduces existing data management solutions and analysis software packages that are representative for phenotypic analysis. For example, ISA-Tab and MIAPPE ontology standards for capturing metadata in plant phenotyping experiments, PHIS and CropSight for managing complicated datasets, and Python or MATLAB programming languages for automated image analysis based on libraries such as OpenCV, Scikit-Image, MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox. Finally, due to the importance of extracting meaningful information from big phenotyping datasets, this article pays extra attention to the future development of plant phenomics in China, with suggestions and recommendations for the integration of multi-scale phenotyping data to increase confidence in research outcomes, the cultivation of cross-disciplinary researchers to lead the next-generation plant research, as well as the collaboration between academia and industry to enable world-leading research activities in the near future

STM Studies on the Self-assemblies Linked by Lateral Hydrogen Bonds and Other Weak Interactions

纳米技术的实用化需要一种高效便捷的大规模制备方法，表面自组装正是一种可以获得大范围有序纳米结构的可控方法，也是一种在固体表面上实现纳米器件化以及纳米体系的装配和功能化的重要手段。并且这些经过自组装膜修饰的固体表面在化学及生物传感、分子识别以及纳米电子学上都有潜在的应用。本论文利用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)系统地研究分子间不同强度非共价键作用下的表面分子(或超分子)自组装，通过对比探讨自组装分子的构型、基底表面结构等对自组装单分子膜结构的影响，加深我们对表面自组装分子吸附行为、自组装方式、自组装规律的认识和理解。主要研究内容和结论如下： 1．我们通过STM实验系统地对比研究了结构相似的两种分子:...An effective and simple preparation is needed to make nanotechnology more practical. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on solid surfaces is such a “bottom up” and controllable method that can help to obtain a large and well-ordered layer, and it is also a significant means to assemble and functionalize nano-devices and nano-systems on solid surfaces. Furthermore, the potential applications on senso...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：2052006115198