29,627 research outputs found
Effect of grazing intensity on development of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) under simple renovation by disk harrow
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The effect of herbicide and disk harrow on renovation of Carex albata Boott dominant pasture
ããããã¹ã²(Carex albata Boott)ãåªå ããæŸç§å©çšäººå·¥èå°ã®æ€çæ¹è¯ãç®çãšããŠ,ç°¡ææŽæ°æ³ã®æ€èšãè¡ã£ããããããã¹ã²åªå èå°ã«æ¬¡ã®4ã€ã®åŠçåºãã€ãã,æ€ç調æ»ãè¡ã£ã;(1)é€èå€ã®ã¿åŠçåº,(2)é€èå€+ãã£ã¹ã¯ãããŒåŠçåº,(3)ãã£ã¹ã¯ãããŒã®ã¿åŠçåº,(4)ç¡åŠçåºã䜿çšããé€èå€ã¯ã°ãªããµãŒãå€ã§,æçš®ããç§èã¯ãã¬ãã¢ã«ã©ã€ã°ã©ã¹ãšãªãŒãã£ãŒãã°ã©ã¹ã§ãã£ããèå°æŽæ°ã¯1996幎9ææ«ã«è¡ã,æ€ç調æ»ã¯æŽæ°åã®8æãšæŽæ°åŸã®12æ,ç¿å¹Žã®6,7,8ããã³10æã®èš6åè¡ã£ããé€èå€ã®ã¿åŠçåºã§ã¯åŠçåŸããããã¹ã²ã®æ ªã¯æ¯æ»ãããç§èã®è¢«åºŠã¯æçš®åŸ78æ¥ç®ã«ã¯8%ãšäœãã£ãã,1幎åŸã«ã¯è¢«åºŠã55%ãšå
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The effect of herbicide and disk harrow on renovation of Anthoxanthum odoratum dominant pasture
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ãèäœæŸæ£å°èªç¶èå°ã§ã®ãããžæŸç§è¥è²ã«ãããŠãæç¶çã«èããã®é€åæåãå¯èœãã©ãããæ€ èšãããæ€çã®ç°ãªã2ç§åºïŒè©Šéšéå§æã®èçš®æ°ã28ã®ïŒ¡ç§åºãš43ã®ïŒ¢ç§åºïŒã«ãããžã4é ã ã€å²ãåœãŠãŠã7æãã10æãŸã§æŸç§è©Šéšãå®æœããn-ã¢ã«ã«ã³æ³ã§èã®æ¡é£çµæãšä¹Ÿç©ãç²èçœ è³ªïŒCPïŒããã³å¯æ¶åé€åç·éïŒTDNïŒã®æåéã枬å®ããããã®çµæãç§åºã§ã¯ã8æã9æ ãšæåéãå¢å ããããç§åºã§ã¯8æãã10æã«ãããŠæåéãæžå°ããåŸåã«ãã£ããæŸç§æ éãéããŠã©ã®ç§åºã®ãããžãèããç¶æèŠæ±é以äžã®CPãæåã§ããããç§åºã®10æãšïŒ¢ç§åº ã®9æãš10æã¯ç¶æã«èŠããTDNéãæåã§ããªãã£ãã以äžã®ããšããã9æãã10æã«è£è¶³ 飌æãå¢çµŠããããšã«ãããããžã®æŸç§è¥è²ã®å¯èœæ§ã瀺åããããExperiments were conducted to examine the possibility for fattening lamb to consume enough grass by grazing natural grassland in abandoned field. Six lambs were randomly allotted to one of the two grazing yards ïŒGYïŒ with different vegetation, namely, GY A with 28 species of plants and GY B with 43 species of plants in June when grazing started and feeding trials were carried out from July through October to determine diet composition and intake of dry matter, crude protein ïŒCPïŒ and total digestible nutrients ïŒTDNïŒ using n-alkanes as markers. Intake increased from August through September in GY A, while intake decreased from August through October in GY B. Although lambs in both GY could consume enough grass to meet CP requirement for maintenance throughout grazing period, lambs could not eat enough grass to meet TDN requirement for maintenance in October in GY A and in September and October in GY B. These results suggested the possibility that fattening lambs could be grazed by increasing supplementary feed in September and October
Restoration of vegetation in a grazing pasture dominated by Pteridium aquilinum L. : Effects of removal of P. aquilinum, neutralization of soil and seeding season on establishment of Lolium perenne L.
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We compared the yield, total digestible nutrient (TDN) content and crude protein of the first to third crops between a meadow without winter grazing (M, 3.6 ha) and a meadow with winter grazing (MG, 2.6 ha) to determine the effect of grazing on meadow herbage in a winter grazing system utilizing spring-autumn meadow in northern Tohoku, Japan. These meadows were dominated by orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ïŒMeadow M was harvested three times per year, in June, August, and October. Meadow MG was harvested twice in June and August, and grazed from November to January. Forty to 58 Japanese Shorthorn heifers and steers were stocked in an area comprising MG (15 to 22 heads/ha MG), a forest (1.5 ha) and other areas (0.1 ha) and fed concentrate and grass silage. The annual yield of orchardgrass in MG exceeded that in M. The Italian ryegrass yields, the total yields and the crude protein content of the third crop were lower in MG than in M. These results demonstrate that winter grazing on a meadow dominated by orchardgrass and Italian ryegrass negatively affects yield and quality in the next season because of the decreased Italian ryegrass.åæ±åã§å±±éæŸç§å°ãå©çšåŸã11â1æã«æ²¿å²žéšã®æ¡èå°ãå©çšããå¬å£æŸç§ããç¿å¹Žã®æ¡èã«äžãã圱é¿ãæããã«ããããã«ããªãŒãã£ãŒãã°ã©ã¹ãšã€ã¿ãªã¢ã³ã©ã€ã°ã©ã¹ãåªå ããæ¡èå°ã§æŸç§åºãšæ¡èåºãèšçœ®ããç¿å¹Žã®æ¡èåéãšæ é€äŸ¡ãæ¯èŒãããæŸç§åºã¯1â2çªèãæ¡èãã3çªèãæ¥æ¬çè§çš®è²æç15â22é /haèå°ã®æŸç§å¯åºŠã§å©çšããæŸç§èã®æžå°åŸã«ãµã€ã¬ãŒãžã絊äžã飌é€å ŽæãšããŠå©çšãããããã«å
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Carbon dioxide (COâ)is a well-known "greenhouse gasâthat is capable of causing significant climatic change. The optimum ranges of grass species will likely shift as a result of climatic change. Accordingly, the optimum range of each species needs to be determined in order to select grass species that will grow in the expected new vegetation zones. Changes in cultivation zones and the productivity of forage grass cultivation in Japan were estimated. Global climate change will increase the annual mean temperature by about 4.5â in northern Japan and 3.5â in southern Japan. Maps were drawn showing current and future temperate grass zones, tropical grass zones, and summer depression zones, where tropical grass cannot survive in winter and the productivity of temperate grass is depressed in summer. These maps show that under present climatic conditions, the summer depression zone of temperate grasses and the cultivation zone of tropical grasses are limited to southwestern Japan. Over the next 100 years, these zones will extend northwards. Changes in the area and productivity of real pasture were calculated and summed by prefecture for Japan. The summer depression area will increase by over 50%. The productivity of temperate and tropical grasses will increase 40 and 360%, respectively, for an overall grass productivity increase in Japan of 50%.å°çæž©æåã®åå ãšãªã倧æ°äžã®äºé
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