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Kombineeritud metalloosteosüntees pikkade toruluude murdude raviks väikeloomadel

Author: Tralman Garri
Publication venue: Eesti Maaülikool
Publication date: 22/10/2015
Field of study

The primary objective of present research was to compare the efficiency of a novel bone fixator for treatment of tibial fractures in sheep and to compare to bone plating and to describe the surgical technique used in experimental animals. Rod-through-plate fixator (RTP fixator) combines intramedullary and extramedullary osteosynthesis. It is composed of a pair of curved intramedullary rods, a connecting extramedullary plate, two cortical screws and two fixation screws. Connecting plate is relatively short and curved rods lengthen the intramedullary shoulder of the fixator up towards the metaphyses. Screws are connecting rods to the plates and the fixator to the bone. Experimental osteotomies were performed in the middle third of the left tibia in all animals. Animals were divided into two groups: in one group (four animals) rod-through-plate fixator was applied, and in the other group (three animals) bone plating was used. The duration of the experiments was 10 weeks during which fracture union was followed by radiography. The healing process was assessed by blood serum markers reflecting bone turnover and by histological and immunohistochemical investigations. More radiographic evidence of callus formation was seen in the RTP fixator group. No statistically significant differences in histological, immunohistochemical or serum biomarker values were noted between the experimental groups We conclude that RTP fixation is efficient for the treatment of experimental osteotomies of long bones in sheep. The fixator was used also in six clinical cases for the diaphyseal middle third fracture treatment in dogs.Doktoritöös uuriti uudse kombineeritud fiksaatoriga fikseeritud luumurdude paranemist loomadel. Fiksaatori tõhususe hindamiseks teostati eksperimentaalne uuring katseloomadel ja võrreldi luumurru paranemist traditsioonilise plaatfiksatsiooniga. Katseloomadena kasutati lambaid. Samal aja töötati välja fiksaatori paigaldamiseks vajalikud standardsed võtted. Fiksaatorit kasutati ka kliinilistel juhtudel toruluumurdude raviks koertel. Luumurru paranemist katseloomadel hinnati röntgenoloogiliselt, histoloogiliselt ja immunohistokeemiliselt. Samuti teostati vere biokeemilised uuringud. Röntgenoloogilisel hindamisel täheldati intensiivsemat kalluse moodustumist uudse fiksaatori kasutamisel võrrelduna plaatfiksatsiooniga. Histoloogiliste, immunihistokeemiliste ja biokeemiliste näitajate osas eksperimendi käigus mõlema rühma vahel olulisi erinevusi ei esinenud. Kokkuvõtteks võib öelda, et uudne kombineeritud fiksaator on osutunud efektiivseks toruluude murdude raviks väikeloomadel

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Butorfanooli-asaperooni-medetomidiini (BAM) fikseeritud annuste kombinatsiooni kasutamine Aafrika lõvi, blesboki ja gepardi keemiliseks immobiliseerimiseks

Author: Semjonov Aleksandr
Publication venue: Eesti Maaülikool
Publication date: 15/01/2021
Field of study

A Thesis applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science.Chemical immobilisation of wild animals is one of the most challenging fields of veterinary anaesthesia. The procedure must be safe for both animals and humans. Too light plane of anaesthesia can result in sudden unexpected recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate novel anaesthetic protocol of butorphanol, azaperone, and medetomidine (BAM) for chemical immobilisation of African lion, blesbok and cheetah. The study was performed on captive animals in the Republic of South Africa. All animals were immobilised for routine clinical work. The research showed that this combination provided safe and reliable anaesthesia of these three species. In all animals, immobi¬lisation occurred after a single injection of BAM administered from distance by darting. Anaesthetic induction was smooth and calm. All physiological parameters were stable throughout the entire procedure. Although no severe complications were registered in animals during anaesthesia, there is always chance of adverse effects such a low heart rate. Thus, all physiological parameters should be carefully monitored throughout any chemical immobilisation. All animals reached deep plane of anaesthesia and did not react to any manipulations performed. Chemical immobilisation provided by BAM was reversed with antagonists and all animals recovered calmly. According of present research, we can conclude that BAM provides reversible anaesthesia safe for animals and humans working with them.Metsloomade uinutamine ehk keemiline immobiliseerimine on veterinaaranesteesia üks keerulisemaid tahke. Protseduur peab olema ohutu loomale ja inimesele, ning tuleb arvestada, et ebapiisava anesteesia puhul võib loom ootamatult ärgata. Uurimuse eesmärk oli uudse ravimite kombinatsiooni – butorfanooli, azaperooni ja medetomidiini (BAM) – hindamine Aafrika lõvi, blesboki ja gepardi keemiliseks immobiliseerimiseks. Uuring viidi läbi Lõuna-Aafrika Vabariigis tehistingimustes peetavatel loomadel. Kõik loomad immobiliseeriti rutiinsete kliiniliste protseduuride jaoks. Uuringud näitasid, et ravimikombinatsiooni saab neil loomaliikidel edukalt kasutada. Loomad jäid magama rahulikult ja kiiresti juba pärast esimest ravimidoosi, mis manustati lendsüstlaga. Loomad olid anesteesia ajal täielikult lõõgastatud ja ei reageerinud manipulatsioonidele. Kõik füsioloogilised näitajad püsisid stabiilsena kogu anesteesia vältel. Ühelgi loomal ei registreeritud hingamisseiskust ega muid eluohtlikke tüsistusi. Samas registreeriti anesteesia käigus mitmeid kõrvalekaldeid, sh südame aeglast löögisagedust. Seetõttu tuleb iga looma seisundit anesteesia ajal hoolikalt jälgida. Kõik loomad ärkasid anesteesiast kiiresti pärast antidootide süstimist. Uurimuse tulemuste põhjal võib järeldada, et BAM tagab pööratava anesteesia, mis on suhteliselt ohutu nii loomale kui ka loomaga töötavale inimesele.Publication of this thesis is supported by the Estonian University of Life Science

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