Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68

U ovome radu procijenjena je dubina prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 nakon kaljenja. U prvom dijelu obrađen je pojam čelika te je objašnjen utjecaj primjesa, nemetalnih uključaka i legirajućih elemenata. U središnjem dijelu rada objašnjena je toplinska obrada čelika, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku uslijed toplinske obrade čelika te pojmovi zakaljivost i prokaljivost koji pridonose razumijevanju eksperimentalnoga dijela. Zatim, navedene su metode procjene prokaljivosti (Jominy metoda, Justova metoda, Grossmannova metoda). Najzastupljenija metoda procjene prokaljivosti jest upravo Jominy metoda na temelju koje je i proveden eksperimentalni dio rada. Jominy metoda temeljena je na kaljenju i ispitivanju tvrdoće uzorka. Završni se dio odnosi na ispitivanje tvrdoće i procjene dubine prokaljenog sloja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 primjenom Jominyjevog pokusa. Osim toga, opisano je i postrojenje za izvođenje Jominyjevog pokusa kao i sva korištena oprema prilikom izvođenja istog. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata konstruirana je Jominyjeva krivulja. Nadalje, primjenom navedene krivulje i Crafts-Lamontovih dijagrama očitane su vrijednosti prokaljivosti strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 za slučaj gašenja u vodi (H = 1). Na temelju očitanih vrijednosti ucrtana je U-krivulja koja predstavlja tok tvrdoće po presjeku navedenog strojnog dijela. Iz svega navedenog zaključuje se da je navedeni strojni dio potpuno prokaljen.In this master's thesis the estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 was approximated. In the first part, the concept of steel is discussed and the influence of application of impurities, non-metallic inclusions and alloying elements are explained. In the middle part of this thesis, the theory of steel heat treatment, phase transformation of steel due to steel treatment as well as quenching, hardening and hardenability are explained which contribute to better understanding of experimental part. Afterwards, methods of estimation of hardening depth (Jominy method, Just method, Grossmann method) were listed. The most common method of the estimation of hardening depth is Jominy method on which is experimental part based. The Jominy method is based on a quenching and hardness testing of the sample. The final part refers to the hardness testing and estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 by application of the Jominy experiment. In addition, the plant of performing the Jominy experiment is described, as well as all the all necessary equpment used in performing the same. Based on a measured results, a Jominy curve was constructed. Furthermore, using the resulting curve and Craft-Lamonts graph, the hardenability values of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 for the quenching in water (H = 1) were obtained. Based on the obtained values, the U-curve was draw which represents flow of hardness in the cross section of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68. From everything quoted it can be concluded that the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 is completely hardened

Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68

U ovome radu procijenjena je dubina prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 nakon kaljenja. U prvom dijelu obrađen je pojam čelika te je objašnjen utjecaj primjesa, nemetalnih uključaka i legirajućih elemenata. U središnjem dijelu rada objašnjena je toplinska obrada čelika, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku uslijed toplinske obrade čelika te pojmovi zakaljivost i prokaljivost koji pridonose razumijevanju eksperimentalnoga dijela. Zatim, navedene su metode procjene prokaljivosti (Jominy metoda, Justova metoda, Grossmannova metoda). Najzastupljenija metoda procjene prokaljivosti jest upravo Jominy metoda na temelju koje je i proveden eksperimentalni dio rada. Jominy metoda temeljena je na kaljenju i ispitivanju tvrdoće uzorka. Završni se dio odnosi na ispitivanje tvrdoće i procjene dubine prokaljenog sloja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 primjenom Jominyjevog pokusa. Osim toga, opisano je i postrojenje za izvođenje Jominyjevog pokusa kao i sva korištena oprema prilikom izvođenja istog. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata konstruirana je Jominyjeva krivulja. Nadalje, primjenom navedene krivulje i Crafts-Lamontovih dijagrama očitane su vrijednosti prokaljivosti strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 za slučaj gašenja u vodi (H = 1). Na temelju očitanih vrijednosti ucrtana je U-krivulja koja predstavlja tok tvrdoće po presjeku navedenog strojnog dijela. Iz svega navedenog zaključuje se da je navedeni strojni dio potpuno prokaljen.In this master's thesis the estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 was approximated. In the first part, the concept of steel is discussed and the influence of application of impurities, non-metallic inclusions and alloying elements are explained. In the middle part of this thesis, the theory of steel heat treatment, phase transformation of steel due to steel treatment as well as quenching, hardening and hardenability are explained which contribute to better understanding of experimental part. Afterwards, methods of estimation of hardening depth (Jominy method, Just method, Grossmann method) were listed. The most common method of the estimation of hardening depth is Jominy method on which is experimental part based. The Jominy method is based on a quenching and hardness testing of the sample. The final part refers to the hardness testing and estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 by application of the Jominy experiment. In addition, the plant of performing the Jominy experiment is described, as well as all the all necessary equpment used in performing the same. Based on a measured results, a Jominy curve was constructed. Furthermore, using the resulting curve and Craft-Lamonts graph, the hardenability values of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 for the quenching in water (H = 1) were obtained. Based on the obtained values, the U-curve was draw which represents flow of hardness in the cross section of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68. From everything quoted it can be concluded that the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 is completely hardened

Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68

U ovome radu procijenjena je dubina prokaljivanja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 nakon kaljenja. U prvom dijelu obrađen je pojam čelika te je objašnjen utjecaj primjesa, nemetalnih uključaka i legirajućih elemenata. U središnjem dijelu rada objašnjena je toplinska obrada čelika, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku uslijed toplinske obrade čelika te pojmovi zakaljivost i prokaljivost koji pridonose razumijevanju eksperimentalnoga dijela. Zatim, navedene su metode procjene prokaljivosti (Jominy metoda, Justova metoda, Grossmannova metoda). Najzastupljenija metoda procjene prokaljivosti jest upravo Jominy metoda na temelju koje je i proveden eksperimentalni dio rada. Jominy metoda temeljena je na kaljenju i ispitivanju tvrdoće uzorka. Završni se dio odnosi na ispitivanje tvrdoće i procjene dubine prokaljenog sloja strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 primjenom Jominyjevog pokusa. Osim toga, opisano je i postrojenje za izvođenje Jominyjevog pokusa kao i sva korištena oprema prilikom izvođenja istog. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata konstruirana je Jominyjeva krivulja. Nadalje, primjenom navedene krivulje i Crafts-Lamontovih dijagrama očitane su vrijednosti prokaljivosti strojnog dijela HT.22-DP.68 za slučaj gašenja u vodi (H = 1). Na temelju očitanih vrijednosti ucrtana je U-krivulja koja predstavlja tok tvrdoće po presjeku navedenog strojnog dijela. Iz svega navedenog zaključuje se da je navedeni strojni dio potpuno prokaljen.In this master's thesis the estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 was approximated. In the first part, the concept of steel is discussed and the influence of application of impurities, non-metallic inclusions and alloying elements are explained. In the middle part of this thesis, the theory of steel heat treatment, phase transformation of steel due to steel treatment as well as quenching, hardening and hardenability are explained which contribute to better understanding of experimental part. Afterwards, methods of estimation of hardening depth (Jominy method, Just method, Grossmann method) were listed. The most common method of the estimation of hardening depth is Jominy method on which is experimental part based. The Jominy method is based on a quenching and hardness testing of the sample. The final part refers to the hardness testing and estimation of hardening depth of workpiece HT.22-DP.68 by application of the Jominy experiment. In addition, the plant of performing the Jominy experiment is described, as well as all the all necessary equpment used in performing the same. Based on a measured results, a Jominy curve was constructed. Furthermore, using the resulting curve and Craft-Lamonts graph, the hardenability values of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 for the quenching in water (H = 1) were obtained. Based on the obtained values, the U-curve was draw which represents flow of hardness in the cross section of the workpiece HT.22-DP.68. From everything quoted it can be concluded that the workpiece HT.22-DP.68 is completely hardened

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece LS.18- DP.15

U ovom diplomskom radu procjenila se dubina prokaljivanja na strojnom dijelu L.S.1.8-DP.15. Prije nego smo se dotakli praktičnog rada teorijski smo objasnili važnije teme poput toplinska obrada, fazne pretvorbe, kaljenje, procjena prokaljivosti i metode ispitivanja tvrdoće kako bi se što bolje razumio praktični rad. Procjena dubine prokaljivanja je obavljena Jominy metodom. Strojni dio je podvrgnut Jominy testu, a zatim je izmjerena tvrdoća na određenim udaljenostima na obratku. Uz te podatke je napravljena Jominy krivulja. Analizom Jominy krivulje utvrđeno je da je strojni dio prokaljen.The thesis explores the depth of annealing of metal on the machine part L.S.1.8.-DP.15. Prior to the practical part of thesis, we explained theoretically important subjects such as heat tempering, phase modelling, hardening, annealing estimate and hardness inquiry methods, for better understanding of the practical thesis subject. Annealing estimate was done by Jominy method. Machine part was subjected to Jominy test, after which the hardness was measured at specific distances on the workpiece. Jominy curve was plotted based on that data. The analysis of the Jominy curve had shown that the machine part was annealed

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18-PP.24

Temu svog završnog rada pronašao sam u području strojarstva koje se bavi materijalima, točnije procesima toplinske obrade materijala. Završni rad pod naslovom „Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela DB.18-PP.24“ obuhvaća definiciju procesa toplinske obrade strojnog dijela, analizu procesa toplinske obrade, pripadajućih naprezanja koje se javljaju prilikom obrade, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku, promjene u mikrostrukturi koje utječu na dobivena svojstva strojnog dijela, postupak kaljenja i njegova svojstva prokaljivosti i zakaljivosti, metode ispitivanja tvrdoće te praktični dio. Kod praktičnog dijela koristili smo postupak Jominyjeve metode određivanja prokaljivosti, u koju spada i toplinska obrada kaljenja i zatim mjerili tvrdoću uzorka na tvrdomjeru koristeći se postupkom Rockwellove HRC metode.Chosen topic for my bachelor’s thesis I found in a field of mechanical engineering that deals with materials, specifically with heat treatment processes. Title of my final paper is “Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18.24“ and it consists of definition for heat treatment process of given workpiece, heat treatment process analysis and residual stress, phase conversions in steel, microstructural changes that are influencing mechanical properties, quenching, various hardness measurement tests and practical part. With help of assistant professors, Jominy end quench test was conducted, which includes heat treatment process called quenching. In the end we measured hardenability we gained with hardness tester

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18-PP.24

Temu svog završnog rada pronašao sam u području strojarstva koje se bavi materijalima, točnije procesima toplinske obrade materijala. Završni rad pod naslovom „Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela DB.18-PP.24“ obuhvaća definiciju procesa toplinske obrade strojnog dijela, analizu procesa toplinske obrade, pripadajućih naprezanja koje se javljaju prilikom obrade, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku, promjene u mikrostrukturi koje utječu na dobivena svojstva strojnog dijela, postupak kaljenja i njegova svojstva prokaljivosti i zakaljivosti, metode ispitivanja tvrdoće te praktični dio. Kod praktičnog dijela koristili smo postupak Jominyjeve metode određivanja prokaljivosti, u koju spada i toplinska obrada kaljenja i zatim mjerili tvrdoću uzorka na tvrdomjeru koristeći se postupkom Rockwellove HRC metode.Chosen topic for my bachelor’s thesis I found in a field of mechanical engineering that deals with materials, specifically with heat treatment processes. Title of my final paper is “Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18.24“ and it consists of definition for heat treatment process of given workpiece, heat treatment process analysis and residual stress, phase conversions in steel, microstructural changes that are influencing mechanical properties, quenching, various hardness measurement tests and practical part. With help of assistant professors, Jominy end quench test was conducted, which includes heat treatment process called quenching. In the end we measured hardenability we gained with hardness tester

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18-PP.24

Temu svog završnog rada pronašao sam u području strojarstva koje se bavi materijalima, točnije procesima toplinske obrade materijala. Završni rad pod naslovom „Procjena dubine prokaljivanja strojnog dijela DB.18-PP.24“ obuhvaća definiciju procesa toplinske obrade strojnog dijela, analizu procesa toplinske obrade, pripadajućih naprezanja koje se javljaju prilikom obrade, fazne pretvorbe u čeliku, promjene u mikrostrukturi koje utječu na dobivena svojstva strojnog dijela, postupak kaljenja i njegova svojstva prokaljivosti i zakaljivosti, metode ispitivanja tvrdoće te praktični dio. Kod praktičnog dijela koristili smo postupak Jominyjeve metode određivanja prokaljivosti, u koju spada i toplinska obrada kaljenja i zatim mjerili tvrdoću uzorka na tvrdomjeru koristeći se postupkom Rockwellove HRC metode.Chosen topic for my bachelor’s thesis I found in a field of mechanical engineering that deals with materials, specifically with heat treatment processes. Title of my final paper is “Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece DB.18.24“ and it consists of definition for heat treatment process of given workpiece, heat treatment process analysis and residual stress, phase conversions in steel, microstructural changes that are influencing mechanical properties, quenching, various hardness measurement tests and practical part. With help of assistant professors, Jominy end quench test was conducted, which includes heat treatment process called quenching. In the end we measured hardenability we gained with hardness tester

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece KR.19-DP.24

U ovom diplomskom radu procjenio se intenzitet gašenja koji će ohladiti strojni dio KR.19-DP.24 tako da on bude potpuno prokaljen. Prije procjenjivanja, teorijski su se objasnili pojmovi poput toplinske obrade, kaljenja, procjena prokaljivosti, fazne pretvorbe te metoda ispitavanja tvrdoće u svrhu što boljeg razumijevanja praktičnog rada. Isto tako, u praktičnom dijelu obavila se je procjena dubine prokaljivanja Jominyjevom metodom. Standardizirana epruveta se podvrgnula Jominy testu, a nakon toga je izmjerena tvrdoća na određenim udaljenostima od ugašenog čela epruvete. Pomoću tih podataka napravljena je Jominy krivulja, koja će nam pomoći pri određivanju rashladnog sredstva sa najmanjim intenzitetom gašenja koji će zakaliti zadani strojni dio.In this master thesis, the intensity of the quenching which will cool the machine part KR.19-DP.24 had been evaluated so that the same machine part is completely calcined. Prior to the evaluation, concepts such as heat treatment, tempering, calcination calculations, phase conversion, and hardness testing methods were explained theoretically to gain a better understanding of practical work. Also, in the practical part, an estimation of the calcination depth by the Jominy method was performed. The standardized tube was subjected to a Jominy test, after which the hardness was measured at certain distances from the extinguished forehead of the tube. Using this information, a Jominy curve was created, which will help us determine the coolant with the lowest quenching intensity that will completely anneal the given machine part

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece KR.19-DP.24

U ovom diplomskom radu procjenio se intenzitet gašenja koji će ohladiti strojni dio KR.19-DP.24 tako da on bude potpuno prokaljen. Prije procjenjivanja, teorijski su se objasnili pojmovi poput toplinske obrade, kaljenja, procjena prokaljivosti, fazne pretvorbe te metoda ispitavanja tvrdoće u svrhu što boljeg razumijevanja praktičnog rada. Isto tako, u praktičnom dijelu obavila se je procjena dubine prokaljivanja Jominyjevom metodom. Standardizirana epruveta se podvrgnula Jominy testu, a nakon toga je izmjerena tvrdoća na određenim udaljenostima od ugašenog čela epruvete. Pomoću tih podataka napravljena je Jominy krivulja, koja će nam pomoći pri određivanju rashladnog sredstva sa najmanjim intenzitetom gašenja koji će zakaliti zadani strojni dio.In this master thesis, the intensity of the quenching which will cool the machine part KR.19-DP.24 had been evaluated so that the same machine part is completely calcined. Prior to the evaluation, concepts such as heat treatment, tempering, calcination calculations, phase conversion, and hardness testing methods were explained theoretically to gain a better understanding of practical work. Also, in the practical part, an estimation of the calcination depth by the Jominy method was performed. The standardized tube was subjected to a Jominy test, after which the hardness was measured at certain distances from the extinguished forehead of the tube. Using this information, a Jominy curve was created, which will help us determine the coolant with the lowest quenching intensity that will completely anneal the given machine part

Estimation of hardening depth of workpiece KR.19-DP.24

U ovom diplomskom radu procjenio se intenzitet gašenja koji će ohladiti strojni dio KR.19-DP.24 tako da on bude potpuno prokaljen. Prije procjenjivanja, teorijski su se objasnili pojmovi poput toplinske obrade, kaljenja, procjena prokaljivosti, fazne pretvorbe te metoda ispitavanja tvrdoće u svrhu što boljeg razumijevanja praktičnog rada. Isto tako, u praktičnom dijelu obavila se je procjena dubine prokaljivanja Jominyjevom metodom. Standardizirana epruveta se podvrgnula Jominy testu, a nakon toga je izmjerena tvrdoća na određenim udaljenostima od ugašenog čela epruvete. Pomoću tih podataka napravljena je Jominy krivulja, koja će nam pomoći pri određivanju rashladnog sredstva sa najmanjim intenzitetom gašenja koji će zakaliti zadani strojni dio.In this master thesis, the intensity of the quenching which will cool the machine part KR.19-DP.24 had been evaluated so that the same machine part is completely calcined. Prior to the evaluation, concepts such as heat treatment, tempering, calcination calculations, phase conversion, and hardness testing methods were explained theoretically to gain a better understanding of practical work. Also, in the practical part, an estimation of the calcination depth by the Jominy method was performed. The standardized tube was subjected to a Jominy test, after which the hardness was measured at certain distances from the extinguished forehead of the tube. Using this information, a Jominy curve was created, which will help us determine the coolant with the lowest quenching intensity that will completely anneal the given machine part