1,893 research outputs found
A survey for nanodiamond features in the 3 micron spectra of Herbig Ae/Be stars
We have carried out a survey of 60 Herbig Ae/Be stars in the 3 micron
wavelength region in search for the rare spectral features at 3.43 and 3.53
micron. These features have been attributed to the presence of large, hot,
hydrogen-terminated nanodiamonds. Only two Herbig Ae/Be stars, HD 97048 and
Elias 3-1 are known to display both these features. We have obtained
medium-resolution spectra (R ~2500) with the ESO near-IR instrument ISAAC in
the 3.15-3.65 micron range. In our sample, no new examples of sources with
prominent nanodiamond features in their 3 micron spectra were discovered
(detection rate less than 4%). We report tentative 3.53 micron detections in
V921 Sco (=CD-42.11721), HD 163296 and T CrA. The sources which display the
nanodiamond features are not exceptional in the group of Herbig stars with
respect to disk properties, stellar characteristics, or disk and stellar
activity. Moreover, the nanodiamond sources are very different from each other
in terms of these parameters. We do not find evidence for a recent supernova in
the vicinity of any of the nanodiamond sources. We have analyzed the PAH 3.3
micron feature and the Pfund delta hydrogen emission line, two other spectral
features which occur in the 3 micron wavelength range. We reinforce the
conclusion of previous authors that flared-disk systems display significantly
more PAH emission than self-shadowed-disk sources. The Pf delta line detection
rate is higher in self-shadowed-disk sources than in the flared-disk systems.
We discuss the possible origin and paucity of the (nano)diamond features in
Herbig stars. Different creation mechanisms have been proposed in the
literature, amongst others in-situ and supernova-induced formation. Our data
set is inconclusive in proving or disproving either formation mechanism.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication in A&A
(acceptance date 16/06/2006
Nanodiamonds-induced effects on neuronal firing of mouse hippocampal microcircuits
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FND) are carbon-based nanomaterials that can
efficiently incorporate optically active photoluminescent centers such as the
nitrogen-vacancy complex, thus making them promising candidates as optical
biolabels and drug-delivery agents. FNDs exhibit bright fluorescence without
photobleaching combined with high uptake rate and low cytotoxicity. Focusing on
FNDs interference with neuronal function, here we examined their effect on
cultured hippocampal neurons, monitoring the whole network development as well
as the electrophysiological properties of single neurons. We observed that FNDs
drastically decreased the frequency of inhibitory (from 1.81 Hz to 0.86 Hz) and
excitatory (from 1.61 Hz to 0.68 Hz) miniature postsynaptic currents, and
consistently reduced action potential (AP) firing frequency (by 36%), as
measured by microelectrode arrays. On the contrary, bursts synchronization was
preserved, as well as the amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory and excitatory
events. Current-clamp recordings revealed that the ratio of neurons responding
with AP trains of high-frequency (fast-spiking) versus neurons responding with
trains of low-frequency (slow-spiking) was unaltered, suggesting that FNDs
exerted a comparable action on neuronal subpopulations. At the single cell
level, rapid onset of the somatic AP ("kink") was drastically reduced in
FND-treated neurons, suggesting a reduced contribution of axonal and dendritic
components while preserving neuronal excitability.Comment: 34 pages, 9 figure
Tunable cavity coupling of the zero phonon line of a nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond
We demonstrate the tunable enhancement of the zero phonon line of a single
nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond at cryogenic temperature. An open
cavity fabricated using focused ion beam milling provides mode volumes as small
as 1.24 m. In-situ tuning of the cavity resonance is achieved with
piezoelectric actuators. At optimal coupling of the full open cavity the signal
from individual zero phonon line transitions is enhanced by about a factor of
10 and the overall emission rate of the NV center is increased by 40%
compared with that measured from the same center in the absence of cavity field
confinement. This result is important for the realization of efficient
spin-photon interfaces and scalable quantum computing using optically
addressable solid state spin qubits.Comment: 11 pages Main Article + 4 pages Supplementary Info Typos fixed from
v
Enhancement of the Zero Phonon Line emission from a Single NV-Center in a Nanodiamond via Coupling to a Photonic Crystal Cavity
Using a nanomanipulation technique a nanodiamond with a single nitrogen
vacancy center is placed directly on the surface of a gallium phosphide
photonic crystal cavity. A Purcell-enhancement of the fluorescence emission at
the zero phonon line (ZPL) by a factor of 12.1 is observed. The ZPL coupling is
a first crucial step towards future diamond-based integrated quantum optical
devices
Strongly inhomogeneous distribution of spectral properties of silicon-vacancy color centers in nanodiamonds
The silicon-vacancy (SiV) color center in diamond is a solid-state single
photon emitter and spin quantum bit suited as a component in quantum devices.
Here, we show that the SiV center in nanodiamond exhibits a strongly
inhomogeneous distribution with regard to the center wavelengths and linewidths
of the zero-phonon-line (ZPL) emission at room temperature. We find that the
SiV centers separate in two clusters: one group exhibits ZPLs with center
wavelengths within a narrow range of approximatly 730 nm to 742 nm and broad
linewidths between 5 nm and 17 nm, whereas the second group comprises a very
broad distribution of center wavelengths between 715 nm and 835 nm, but narrow
linewidths from below 1 nm up to 4 nm. Supported by ab initio Kohn-Sham density
functional theory calculations we show that the ZPL shifts of the first group
are consistently explained by strain in the diamond lattice. Further, we
suggest, that the second group showing the strongly inhomogeneous distribution
of center wavelengths might be comprised of modified SiV centers. Whereas
single photon emission is demonstrated for SiV centers of both clusters, we
show that emitters from different clusters show different spectroscopic
features such as variations of the phonon sideband spectra and different
blinking dynamics
Electron spin resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in optically trapped nanodiamonds
Using an optical tweezers apparatus, we demonstrate three-dimensional control
of nanodiamonds in solution with simultaneous readout of ground-state
electron-spin resonance (ESR) transitions in an ensemble of diamond
nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers. Despite the motion and random orientation
of NV centers suspended in the optical trap, we observe distinct peaks in the
measured ESR spectra qualitatively similar to the same measurement in bulk.
Accounting for the random dynamics, we model the ESR spectra observed in an
externally applied magnetic field to enable d.c. magnetometry in solution. We
estimate the d.c. magnetic field sensitivity based on variations in ESR line
shapes to be ~50 microTesla/Hz^1/2. This technique may provide a pathway for
spin-based magnetic, electric, and thermal sensing in fluidic environments and
biophysical systems inaccessible to existing scanning probe techniques.Comment: 29 pages, 13 figures for manuscript and supporting informatio
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