Multi Agent Micromanipulation System

In the area of biotechnology, a micromanipulation is widely used for such purposes as operating on genes and transferring biological materials into cells. For the some experiments, such as biochemical experiment, a large number of cells have to be manipulated in a short time. We have developed an automatic micromanipulation system under the stereoscopic microscope. Micromanipulation system carries out various processes, such as detection of the target, the detection of the needle head, and motor control. By sharing these processes with several computers, the micromanipulation can be performed at high speed. As a result, computer cooperation becomes very important. In this paper, we propose a multi agent micromanipulation system. At first, we developed a multi agent system, which performs image processing, motor control, and management of the micromanipulation processes. Secondarily, we proposed to operate computers cooperative. We use a computer as a single agent. And several computers are connected to a local area network. The multi agent micromanipulation system performed the micromanipulation at a realistic rate through cooperation of multi agents.</p

A visual feedback system for micromanipulation with stereoscopic microscope

A stereoscopic microscope is widely used in a micromanipulation such as to operate genes and to inspect integration circuits. As in these tasks the micromanipulation is handled and makes too heavy burden to operators, it is desirable to perform the micromanipulation automatically. In this paper, we propose a visual feedback system for micromanipulation with stereoscopic microscope. This system takes less time to control the manipulator by reducing searching area to detect an object </p

Development of a micromanipulation system with force sensing

This article provides in-depth knowledge about our undergoing effort to develop an open architecture micromanipulation system with force sensing capabilities. The major requirement to perform any micromanipulation task effectively is to ensure the controlled motion of actuators within nanometer accuracy with low overshoot even under the influence of disturbances. Moreover, to achieve high dexterity in manipulation, control of the interaction forces is required. In micromanipulation, control of interaction forces necessitates force sensing in milli-Newton range with nano-Newton resolution. In this paper, we present a position controller based on a discrete time sliding mode control architecture along with a disturbance observer. Experimental verifications for this controller are demonstrated for 100, 50 and 10 nanometer step inputs applied to PZT stages. Our results indicate that position tracking accuracies up to 10 nanometers, without any overshoot and low steady state error are achievable. Furthermore, the paper includes experimental verification of force sensing within nano-Newton resolution using a piezoresistive cantilever endeffector. Experimental results are compared to the theoretical estimates of the change in attractive forces as a function of decreasing distance and of the pull off force between a silicon tip and a glass surface, respectively. Good agreement among the experimental data and the theoretical estimates has been demonstrated

Function based control for bilateral systems in tele-micromanipulation

Design of a motion control system should take into account (a) unconstrained motion performed without interaction with environment or any other system, and (b) constrained motion with system in contact with environment or other systems. Control in both cases can be formulated in terms of maintaining desired system configuration what makes essentially the same structure for common tasks: trajectory tracking, interaction force control, compliance control etc. The same design approach can be used to formulate control in bilateral systems aimed to maintain desired functional relations between human and environment through master and slave motion systems. Implementation of the methodology is currently being pursued with a custom built Tele-micromanipulation setup and preliminary results concerning force/position tracking and transparency between master and slave are clearly demonstrated

Semi-autonomous scheme for pushing micro-objects

-In many microassembly applications, it is often desirable to position and orient polygonal micro-objects lying on a planar surface. Pushing micro-objects using point contact provides more flexibility and less complexity compared to pick and place operation. Due to the fact that in micro-world surface forces are much more dominant than inertial forces and these forces are distributed unevenly, pushing through the center of mass of the micro-object will not yield a pure translational motion. In order to translate a micro-object, the line of pushing should pass through the center of friction. In this paper, a semi-autonomous scheme based on hybrid vision/force feedback is proposed to push microobjects with human assistance using a custom built telemicromanipulation setup to achieve pure translational motion. The pushing operation is divided into two concurrent processes: In one process human operator who acts as an impedance controller alters the velocity of the pusher while in contact with the micro-object through scaled bilateral teleoperation with force feedback. In the other process, the desired line of pushing for the micro-object is determined continuously using visual feedback procedures so that it always passes through the varying center of friction. Experimental results are demonstrated to prove nanoNewton range force sensing, scaled bilateral teleoperation with force feedback and pushing microobjects

Force feedback pushing scheme for micromanipulation applications

Pushing micro-objects using point contact provides more flexibility and less complexity compared to pick and place operation. Due to the fact that in micro-world surface forces are much more dominant than inertial forces and these forces are distributed unevenly, pushing through the center of mass of the micro-object may not yield a pure translational motion. In order to translate a micro-object, the line of pushing should pass through the center of friction. In this paper, a semi-autonomous scheme based on hybrid vision/force feedback procedure is proposed to push micro-objects with human assistance using a custom built tele-micromanipulation setup to achieve translational motion. In the semi-autonomous pushing process, velocity controlled pushing with force feedback is realized along x-axis by the human operator while y-axis orientation is undertaken automatically using visual feedback. This way the desired line of pushing for the micro-object is controlled to pass through the varying center of friction. Experimental results are shown to prove nano-Newton range force sensing, scaled bilateral teleoperation with force feedback and snapshot of pushing operation

Micromanipulation of InP lasers with optoelectronic tweezers for integration on a photonic platform

The integration of light sources on a photonic platform is a key aspect of the fabrication of self-contained photonic circuits with a small footprint that does not have a definitive solution yet. Several approaches are being actively researched for this purpose. In this work we propose optoelectronic tweezers for the manipulation and integration of light sources on a photonic platform and report the positional and angular accuracy of the micromanipulation of standard Fabry-Pérot InP semiconductor laser die. These lasers are over three orders of magnitude bigger in volume than any previously assembled with optofluidic techniques and the fact that they are industry standard lasers makes them significantly more useful than previously assembled microdisk lasers. We measure the accuracy to be 2.5 ± 1.4 µm and 1.4 ± 0.4° and conclude that optoelectronic tweezers are a promising technique for the micromanipulation and integration of optoelectronic components in general and semiconductor lasers in particular

Optical Micromanipulation Techniques Combined with Microspectroscopic Methods

Předložená dizertační práce se zabývá kombinací optických mikromanipulací s mikrospektroskopickými metodami. Využili jsme laserovou pinzetu pro transport a třídění živých mikroorganismů, například jednobuněčných řas, či kvasinek. Ramanovskou spektroskopií jsme analyzovali chemické složení jednotlivých buněk a tyto informace jsme využili k automatické selekci buněk s vybranými vlastnostmi. Zkombinovali jsme pulsní amplitudově modulovanou fluorescenční mikrospektroskopii, optické mikromanipulace a jiné techniky ke zmapování stresové odpovědi opticky zachycených buněk při různých časech působení, vlnových délkách a intenzitách chytacího laseru. Vyrobili jsme různé typy mikrofluidních čipů a zkonstruovali jsme Ramanovu pinzetu pro třídění mikro-objektů, především živých buněk, v mikrofluidním prostředí.The subject of the presented Ph.D. thesis is a combination of optical micromanipulation and microspectroscopic methods. We used laser tweezers to transport and sort various living microorganisms, such as microalgal or yeast cells. We employed Raman microspectroscopy to analyze chemical composition of individual cells and we used the information about chemical composition to automatically select the cells of interest. We combined pulsed amplitude modulation fluorescence microspectroscopy, optical micromanipulation and other techniques to map the stress response of cells to various laser wavelengths, intensities and durations of optical trapping. We fabricated microfluidic chips of various designs and we constructed Raman-tweezers sorter of micro-objects such as living cells on a microfluidic platform.

Novel parameter estimation schemes in microsystems

This paper presents two novel estimation methods that are designed to enhance our ability of observing, positioning, and physically transforming the objects and/or biological structures in micromanipulation tasks. In order to effectively monitor and position the microobjects, an online calibration method with submicron precision via a recursive least square solution is presented. To provide the adequate information to manipulate the biological structures without damaging the cell or tissue during an injection, a nonlinear spring-mass-damper model is introduced and mechanical properties of a zebrafish embryo are obtained. These two methods are validated on a microassembly workstation and the results are evaluated quantitatively