The role of hen's weight and recent experience on dyadic conflict outcome

This study simultaneously varied experiences of recent victory or defeat, 2-hour familiarity with the meeting place, and hen weight in order to understand their combined effects on the establishment of dyadic dominance relationships between hens not previously acquainted with each other. Three kinds of encounters were arranged: (i) a previous winner unfamiliar with the meeting place met a previous loser familiar with the meeting place (n =28 dyads); (ii) a previous winner met a previous loser, both unfamiliar with the meeting place (n=27); (iii) a previous winner familiar with the meeting place encountered a previous loser unfamiliar with the meeting place (n=28). The weight asymmetry was combined with these three types of encounters by selecting hens showing various weight differences, in favour of the recent loser in 54 dyads and of the recent winner in 29 dyads. Results indicate that recent victory or defeat experience significantly affected the outcome. Even an important weight asymmetry, or familiarity with the meeting place were not sufficient for a hen recently defeated to overcome an opponent that was previously victorious. A 2-hour period of familiarization with the meeting place did not provide any significant advantage over unfamiliarity. Although a significant relationship was found to exist between comb and wattles areas and the initial and final statuses, examination of partial correlations indicates that the influence was from initial status to final status, rather than from comb and wattles to final status. These results suggest that more importance should be attributed to recent social experience in comparison to intrinsic factors in determining dyadic dominance in the hen

Corporeal Meeting Place

The modernist movement was able, through the industrial revolution, to eliminate the role of facade as load bearing member, fetishizing transparency. However, this new preeminence of visuality was not applicable to the suburban home, with its predisposition toward the creation and control of privacy. What separate the suburban condition from the urban, in addition to the role of the single-family home as purchasable symbol representing an ideal, is the front yard. Instead of a simple A-B division across a singular surface, the yard creates a deep facade, a series of layered spaces serving as filtration\u27 sidewalks, fences, plantings, yards, and porches all serving to enhance our control of privacy... Borrowing this model, we can establish new comfort with our public body. Through the generation of an active communal spine, flowing between neighborhoods varying in class, race, and density, we can break down the isolation that is facilitated by both technological advancements like the car and the de-facto segregation of exclusionary zoning, building a community that is predicated on exchange with one another, built through a sharing of visual knowledge, and staged through spatial layering..

The role of recent experience and weight on hen's agonistic behaviour during dyadic conflict resolution.

Recent victory or defeat experiences and 2-hour familiarity with the meeting place were combined with size differences in order to better understand their effects on the behaviour leading to the establishment of dyadic dominance relationships between hens not previously acquainted with each other. Three kinds of encounters were videotaped: (i) a previous winner unfamiliar with the meeting place met a previous loser familiar for 2 hours with the meeting place (n = 12 dyads); (ii) as in (i) but both were unfamiliar with the meeting place (n=12); (iii) as in (i) but the previous winner was familiar with the meeting place while the previous loser was unfamiliar (n=13). The weight asymmetry was combined with these three types of encounters by selecting hens of various weight differences: in 29 dyads the recent loser was heavier than the recent winner and in 8 dyads it was the reverse. Recent experience had a major influence upon both agonistic behaviour and dominance outcome. Hens that were familiar with the meeting site initiated attacks more frequently than their unfamiliar opponent but did not win significantly more often. Recent experience and site familiarity could be used to identify 80% of future initiators. Once the first aggressive behaviour had been initiated, it led to victory of its initiator in 92% of cases. Weight was not found to influence agonistic behaviour nor dominance outcome. However, hens with superior comb and wattles areas won significantly more initial meetings than opponents with smaller ones. In the final encounters, victory also went more frequently to the bird showing larger comb and wattles, which happened also to be the previous dominant in a majority of cases. The use of higher-order partial correlations as an ex post facto control for comb and wattles indicates that they were not influential upon agonistic behaviour nor on dominance outcome, but were simply co-selected with the selection of victorious and defeated birds in the first phase of the experiment designed to let hens acquire recent victory/defeat experience

A Meeting Place for Fish

The convergence of land, river, and sea creates a rich habitat for many animals, including fish such as alewives, Atlantic salmon, and American eels

On the Segmentation of Markets

This paper endogenizes the market structure of an economy with heterogeneous agents who want to form bilateral matches in the presence of search frictions and when utility is non-transferable. We depart from standard matching models where all agents are assumed to be in a unique meeting place by assuming the existence of infinitely many meeting places and allowing each agent to choose which meeting place to be in. The market is thus allowed to be segmented into dierent meeting places, and agents not only get to choose who to match with, but also who they meet with. We show that in equilibrium all market structures feature perfect segmentation where agents match with the rst person they meet. All these market structures have the same matching pattern, implying that the value of search to each agent is the same. Although perfect assortative matching cannot be obtained in equilibrium, the degree of assortativeness is nevertheless greater than in standard models.search, matching, segmentation, market structure

The meeting place problem: Salience and search

The notion of salience was developed by Schelling in the context of the meeting place problem of locating a partner in the absence of a pre-agreed meeting place. In this paper, we argue that a realistic specification of the meeting place problem involves allowing a strategy of active search over a range of possible meeting places. We solve this extended problem, allowing for extensions such as repeated play, search costs and asymmetric payoffs. The result is a considerably richer, but more complex, notion of salience