Guidelines on the Management and Prevention of Prediabetes

Pandemic obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type-2 DM (T2DM) now has become a serious threat for people worldwide. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) suggests that the prevalence of DM in the world is 1.9% and it has made DM as the 7th leading cause of death worldwide. It has been estimated that the prevalence of diabetes between 1994 and 2010 was projected as much as 215.6 milion people; however an evaluation in 2007 revealed that the number of diabetic patients has reached 246 million people and it has been concerned that the number would increase in 2025 reaching more than 300 million people. Patients with DM may have various complilcations, including macrovascular diseases (heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease) and microvascular diseases (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy). Complications of DM have started early before the diagnosis of DM has been made. About 50% of patients have alreadly had one chronic complication at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to have a guideline on management of prediabetes condition associated with prevention of chonic complication and cardiovascular risk of diabetes. The guideline is expected to improve the skills of health care professionals in recognizing prediabetes condition, identifying people at high risk for diabetes and providing an appropriate management so that the incidence and complication of DM can be reduced. Key words: diagnosis, risk, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, managemen

National Consensus on the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Indonesia

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disorder, which gastric content repeatedly reflux into the esophagus causing disturbing symptoms and/or complications. Various epidemiological studies show that there is regional difference on the aspect of prevalence and clinical manifestation. Regional data also demonstrates increased incidence of complications such as the Barret’s Esophagus and adenocarcinoma. In response to the situation, the Asia-Pacific GERD experts, including Indonesia, had published a consensus on the management of GERD in 2004, which was subsequently revised in 2008. Advances in medical technology, especially on gastrointestinal endoscopy technique and other diagnostic instruments such as 24-hour pH-metry and manometry, have improved the capacity of management of GERD. On the other hand, we feel that adequate knowledge and skills of doctors, both for general physicians and specialists of internal medicine in our country are not well-distributed. Moreover, the availability of instruments for diagnostic and therapeutical supports differs from one region to the others. The Organizing Committee of Indonesian Society of Gastroenterology or Pengurus Besar Perkumpulan Gastroenterologi Indonesia (PB PGI) considers that it is important to revise the National Consensus on the Management of GERD in Indonesia 2004, which is expected to be the guideline of GERD management. Key words: Barret’s esophagus, diagnosis, endoscopy, GERD, manometry, pH-metry

Review Articles

Abstracts of the 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Association (ASMIHA) 1st ASMIHA Digital Conference, 23-25 October 202

Young Investigators Award Session

Abstracts of the 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Association (ASMIHA) 1st ASMIHA Digital Conference, 23-25 October 202

Original Articles

Abstracts of the 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Association (ASMIHA) 1st ASMIHA Digital Conference, 23-25 October 202

Case Reports

Abstracts of the 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Indonesian Heart Association (ASMIHA) 1st ASMIHA Digital Conference, 23-25 October 202

TEACHING INDONESIAN AS A DIGLOSSIC LANGUAGE: THE IMPORTANCE OF COLLOQUIAL INDONESIAN FOR PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE

The teaching of Indonesian at home and abroad for native and non-native speakers emphasizes the importance of formal Indonesian and tends to avoid teaching the colloquial one. However, most learners understand the discrepancies between the language they learn in class and that used for daily local conversations which tend to be colloquial. This paper attempts to argue that colloquial Indonesian is an important part of the diglossic nature of Indonesian, and that the teaching and learning of Indonesian must reflect this characteristic. Based on library research as well as collection of interviews, observations and recordings of the teaching of formal Indonesian as well as the learners and native speakers’ interaction, this paper will describe importance of the teaching of informal or colloquial Indonesian for enhancing pragmatic competence and its benefits for preserving endangered local languages. The data presented will show that colloquial Indonesian which absorbs various linguistic features from local languages constitutes a type of language with its rules systems that can be taught, learned, and maintained. Finally this paper will suggest ways of integrating the teaching of colloquial Indonesian in Indonesian language classes

The Translation of English Passive Voice Into Indonesian

English and Indonesian have different grammatical patterns and cultural values. That is why, many problems that students studying translation subject have to face. One of them is how to translate English Passive Voice into Indonesian. That is the reason the writer aims to do the research. The research is to describe the translation of English passive voice into Indonesian by analyzing two novels, which are Kristan Higgins' Waiting on You and its translation Nina Andiana's Penantian Terpanjang. This research uses qualitative method. The writer collected, identified, the data concerning with the translation of English passive voice. The results of the research shows that there are two categories of translating English passive voice into Indonesian, namely English passive voice can be translated both into Indonesian passive voice and English passive voice can be translated into Indonesian active voice. English passive voice is translated into Indonesian passive voice by using prefixes di- and ter-, meanwhile English passive voice is translated into Indonesian active voice by using prefixes me-, men-, and ber-. From forty one data which are identified there are 32 data (78.04%) of English passive voices translated into Indonesian passive voices and 9 data (21.96%) of English passive voices translated into Indonesian active voices

Valorizing Research and Evidence for Social Inclusion in Indonesia: A Practical Guide for Information Uptake in the Indonesian Education Policymaking Process

This project, concerning the valorization of evidence in inclusive social development in Southeast Asia, is part of UNESCO’s Inclusive Policy Lab work in the ‘Management of Social Transformations’ (MOST) Programme framework. The objective of the Lab is to support UNESCO Member States as they advance their social policy agendas by making better use of scientific information and knowledge—valorization refers to this process. The Lab aims to improve the South-South sharing of inclusive policy knowledge and practice, increasing availability of policy knowledge and advice in the region, and strengthening social data literacy among policy practitioners and other relevant stakeholders. The UNESCO-Jakarta Office, in collaboration with the Center for Indonesian Policy Studies (CIPS), is implementing the project in Indonesia. Stage 1 of the cooperation between UNESCO and CIPS provided a situational analysis of inclusive policy design and knowledge valorization in the Indonesian education sector. This practical guide constitutes stage 2 of the project and provides recommendations for Indonesian stakeholders to improve inclusivity in education policymaking processes. We recommend practical actions to improve the valorization of knowledge, that is, the availability, accessibility and usage of evidence in education policymaking processes. Our recommendations are meant to improve inclusivity and to support the national policy objective of providing access to quality education for all. The main stakeholders addressed by this guide are the relevant government agencies in the Indonesian education sector, in particular the Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC), bi- and multilateral donor agencies, and civil society organizations (CSOs). The recommendations focus on enhancing opportunities found by analyzing MOEC Regulation No. 142/2014, which specifies the steps of planning, drafting, discussion, legalization, and enactment of ministerial regulations by MOEC. The recommendations further include actions to improve the use of evidence on the side of bi- and multilateral donors and CSOs with the aim of achieving inclusive and equitable education in Indonesia