Performances of geographical routing protocols combined with a position estimation process in wireless heterogenous networks

This paper addresses the performance of geographical routing protocol in wireless networks, where only few nodes possess self- locating capability such as GPS. To be able to apply end-to-end geographical routing protocols, it is necessary every node know their position coordinates. We propose a method to infer such positioning information to any node, based only on connectivity and localization information obtained from the neighborhood. Three metrics are used to evaluate the performance of such a scheme: the density of useful nodes for geographical routing protocol, the reachability and the path length.8th IFIP/IEEE International conference on Mobile and Wireless CommunicationRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

THREE DIMENSIONAL REAL-TIME GEOGRAPHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

One of the most important concerns in the operation of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) is the real-time data delivery. This dissertation addresses the problem of real-time data delivery and void node problem in three dimensional WSN, which has a signicant impact on the network performance. In order to provide an accurate route calculation for reliable data delivery the third coordinate of the location sensor nodes is considered in this dissertation. Additionally, two dierent heuristic solutions for void node problem in three dimensional space have been provided to elevate the eect of long route and spares regions on assurance of real-time data delivery. In order to provide a wide applicable soft real-time routing protocol two decentralized geographical routings are proposed: Three Dimensional Real-Time Geographical Routing Protocol (3DRTGP) and Energy-Aware Real-Time Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (EART). 3DRTGP and EART are designed to t with WSNs that are deployed in 3D space. Both protocols benet from utilizing the third coordinate of nodes\u27 locations to achieve less packet end to end (E2E) delay and packet miss ratio.In 3DRTGP, void node problem in 3D space was solved based on adaptive packet forwarding (PFR) region. 3D-VNP solution solely was done locally and without any messaging overhead. In EART, 3D-VNP was solved based on an adaptive spherical forwarding wedge (SFW)

Beaconless Packet Forwarding Approach for Vehicular Urban Environment

Existing wireless technologies provide communication and information services to all fields of life. The one of the emerging and popular field is vehicular ad hoc networks, with its unique characteristics and highly mobile environment. Different types of routing protocols have been proposed to address the routing issues in network and one of the most efficient types is geographical routing. In this type of protocols, the beacon messages are using to update the node locations and positions. However, these protoocls have been suffered with high channel congestion issue in the network. To this end, we propose a beaconless packet forwarding strategy based on modified handshake messages mechanism. The protocol uses some realistic metrics to select the next forwarder node such as forward progresss and link quality. The protocol performance is evaluated with existing beacon and beaconless geographical routing protocols. The simulation results showed the better performance of the proposed protocol in terms of packet delay and data delivery ratio in realistic wireless channel conditions

Beaconless Packet Forwarding Approach for Vehicular Urban Environment

Existing wireless technologies provide communication and information services to all fields of life. The one of the emerging and popular field is vehicular ad hoc networks, with its unique characteristics and highly mobile environment. Different types of routing protocols have been proposed to address the routing issues in network and one of the most efficient types is geographical routing. In this type of protocols, the beacon messages are using to update the node locations and positions. However, these protoocls have been suffered with high channel congestion issue in the network. To this end, we propose a beaconless packet forwarding strategy based on modified handshake messages mechanism. The protocol uses some realistic metrics to select the next forwarder node such as forward progresss and link quality. The protocol performance is evaluated with existing beacon and beaconless geographical routing protocols. The simulation results showed the better performance of the proposed protocol in terms of packet delay and data delivery ratio in realistic wireless channel conditions

Localization Enhanced Mobile Networks

The interest in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and often more precisely vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) is steadily growing with many new applications, and even anticipated support in the emerging 5G networks. Particularly in outdoor scenarios, there are different mechanisms to make the mobile nodes aware of their geographical location at all times. The location information can be utilized at different layers of the protocol stack to enhance communication services in the network. Specifically, geographical routing can facilitate route management with smaller overhead than the traditional proactive and reactive routing protocols. In order to achieve similar advantages for radio resource management (RRM) and multiple access protocols, the concept of virtual cells is devised to exploit fully distributed knowledge of node locations. The virtual cells define clusters of MANET nodes assuming a predefined set of geographically distributed anchor points. It enables fast response of the network to changes in the nodes spatial configuration. More importantly, the notion of geographical location can be generalized to other shared contexts which can be learned or otherwise acquired by the network nodes. The strategy of enhancing communication services by shared contexts is likely to be one of the key features in the beyond-5G networks