Hotspot Location Identification Using Accident Data, Traffic and Geometric Characteristics

Determining the criterion for critical limits is always one of the essential challenges for traffic safety authorities. The purpose of identifying accident hotspots is to achieve high-priority locations in order to effectively allocate the safety budgets as well as to promote more efficient and faster safety at the road network level. In recent years, human, vehicle, road and environment have been recognized as the three main effective elements of the road transportation in the occurrence of accidents. In the present study, with combining the parameters related to accidents, geometric parameters of the accident location and traffic parameters, hotspots were identified by using the superior methods of Poisson regression and negative binomial distribution and based on the combined criteria of frequency and severity of accidents and equivalent damage factors. Then using Time Series Models in ANN, result were compared and validated. The results of ANN models demonstrate that the frequency method of accidents tends toward places with high traffic volume. MATLAB and STATA software were used. Non-native plumbing, curvature, slope, section length and residential area had more significance, and their coefficients indicated the significant effect of these parameters on the occurrence of the frequency and severity of accidents in hotspot locations

Accident Rate as a Measure of Safety Assessment in Polish Civil Engineering

Civil engineering is characterised by high volatility with respect to working conditions, which are the source of many threats to worker life and health and contribute to high accident rates. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and evaluate the phenomenon of accidents in Polish civil engineering and define the direction of changes that should occur in the safety area. The studies included in this research covered the years 2004–2018. The following indicators were used to assess the accident rates: (1) The total number of persons injured in workplace accidents and this total divided into fatal, severe, and minor accidents; (2) indicators of frequency of accidents in total and this total divided into minor, severe, and fatal accidents; (3) and an indicator of the severity of accidents. From the analysis of statistical data for the years 200–2018, the changes in accident rate parameters demonstrate the continuous improvement of workplace safety in the Polish civil engineering sector. From the analysed data from the 15 years, a clear decrease in the value of the applied indicators is apparent, including both the number of people involved in accidents and the frequency and severity of accidents

On Liability Insurance for Automobiles

Car owners are liable for property damage inflicted on other motorists. In most countries such liability must be insured by law. That law may favor expensive or heavy vehicles, prone to suffer or inflict large losses. This paper explores links between liability rules and vehicle choice. It presumes cooperative insurance, but non-cooperative acquisition of vehicles. Thus, the Nash equilibrium and its degree of efficiency depend on the liability regime

The Leeds Advanced Driving Simulator: Three Years In Operation

The Leeds Advanced Driving Simulator (LADS) at the University of Leeds is a medium cost fixed-base simulator and its development has been funded by the Science and Engineering Research Council (now EPSRC). It has been fully operational since mid-1993 for rural-road scenes (Carsten and Gallimore, 1993) but currently simulation of urban environments and vehicle interactions are possible too. This paper focuses on the recent development of LADS. Also detailed other recent research projects carried out in the simulator to date

The Leeds Advanced Driving Simulator: Three Years In Operation

The Leeds Advanced Driving Simulator (LADS) at the University of Leeds is a medium cost fixed-base simulator and its development has been funded by the Science and Engineering Research Council (now EPSRC). It has been fully operational since mid-1993 for rural-road scenes (Carsten and Gallimore, 1993) but currently simulation of urban environments and vehicle interactions are possible too. This paper focuses on the recent development of LADS. Also detailed other recent research projects carried out in the simulator to date

Occupational Health and Safety Scorecards : New leading indicators improve risk management and regulatory compliance

International audienceWhile it has been established for many years that the management of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is carried out by means of Management Systems, the question of how to measure the performance and the control of these systems is still current. The first part of the article addresses the issue of the traditional indicators identified in the literature. Once defined, their contribution and limitations are discussed. Next, the general concept of Balanced Scorecards is described, along with a survey of the work that has been carried out in the OHS domain. Finally, an example from the aeronautic and aerospace industry is used to illustrate the Balanced Scorecards model. It integrates leading management indicators for two particularly interesting sub-processes of a Management System; namely, the supervision of regulatory compliance and risk management

TINJAUAN KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA AREA STOCKPILE PENAMBANGAN DI PT. CLAYINDO CAKRA JAYA KECAMATAN CAPKALA KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

PT. Clayindo Cakra Jaya adalah pertambangan Clay menggunakan sistem tambang  terbuka dengan metode backfilling. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada penambangan Clay yaitu frekuensi resiko kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja yang masih cukup tinggi terjadi pada area stockpile. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji tingkat resiko kecelakaan kerja dengan menghitung angka kekerapan dan keparahan kecelakaan serta mengkaji upaya pengendalian kecelakaan kerja pada perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif yaitu metode penelitian yang menggambarkan data kuantitatif yang diperoleh menyangkut keadaan yang terjadi di area stockpile. Metode ini digunakan untuk mencari angka kekerapan dan keparahan kecelakaan yang terjadi pada perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai kekerapan kecelakaan dari tahun 2016-2019 yaitu (22,58 ; 69,44 ; 22,95 ; 45,16), nilai keparahan kecelakaan dari tahun 2017-2018 yaitu (1.157 dan 2.295) dalam satu juta jam kerja, nilai safe T-score dari tahun 2017-2019 yaitu (2,06 ; -1,16 ; 0,98). Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan khususnya pada area stockpile. Oleh karena itu, sebelum dilakukan kegiatan wajib melakukan safety talk dan rutin melakukan pengawasan di  area stockpile agar para pekerja tidak melakukan pelanggaran-pelanggaran  dalam menerapkan safety disetiap  kegiatan pada area stockpile. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan upaya pengendalian pada perusahaan yaitu melakukan safety talk sebelum memulai kegiatan penambangan, memasang rambu-rambu dan tindakan tegas tanpa memandang jabatan jika melanggar peraturan. Kata kunci : Kecelakaan Kerja, Stockpil

Crash Detecting System Using Deep Learning

Accidents pose a significant risk to both individual and property safety, requiring effective detection and response systems. This work introduces an accident detection system using a convolutional neural network (CNN), which provides an impressive accuracy of 86.40%. Trained on diverse data sets of images and videos from various online sources, the model exhibits complex accident detection and classification and is known for its prowess in image classification and visualization. CNN ensures better accident detection in various scenarios and road conditions. This example shows its adaptability to a real-world accident scenario and enhances its effectiveness in detecting early events. A key contributor to this project was a real-time alert system that quickly notifies authorities when an accident is detected. The CNN algorithm captures high-resolution images, which are then sent to designated email addresses, facilitating coordinated responses and providing visual evidence for post-accident investigations. Implementing accident detection systems shows a significant improvement in road safety, enabling faster and more accurate accident detection. Using email alerts and their integration into hybrid crash data systems helps improve both response time and road safety efforts and can save lives by reducing serious crashes. Future improvements will focus on improving accuracy, speed, and efficiency to further reduce the frequency and severity of accidents, ultimately saving lives and reducing their social impact

Using Fuzzy TOPSIS and Balanced Scorecard for Kaizen Evaluation

Background: Kaizen is a very important continuous improvement technique; however, measuring kaizen results/benefits have not been clearly and comprehensively addressed by the literature. Objectives: This paper aims to propose a kaizen measuring system by integrating a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and a Fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS). Methods/Approach: Three research instruments were distributed to kaizen experts to allocate kaizen benefits into the four BSC perspectives. The best measures of kaizen benefits were determined by employing the Fuzzy TOPSIS technique. Results: The results present a kaizen performance evaluation system where the benefits were allocated into the four BSC perspectives, and the best measure for each kaizen benefit was chosen using fuzzy TOPSIS. Conclusions: The research contributes to the literature by proposing a kaizen measurement system that will pair each benefit of using kaizen with BSC perspectives and measures, thus expanding the advantages of adopting kaizen to any sector or industry